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Earth Science Midterm Exam Study Guide Intro: Branches of Earth Science - know what each branch studies (meteorology, oceanography, astronomy, geology) Spheres of the Earth- know what each contains- hydrosphere, geosphere, biosphere, atmosphere The Scientific Method- variables, constant, control, hypothesis, theory Astronomy: Nebular Hypothesis, Big Bang Theory Electromagnetic Spectrum Kepler’s Laws, Hubble’s Law, Red Shift Earth, Sun, & Moon motions; Seasons List the basic objects in the universe in order from smallest to largest. Maps: Maps- Latitude & longitude, topographic maps, using scales to determine distance, contour lines Plate Tectonics: Layers of the Earth- crust, mantle, core, lithosphere, asthenosphere Plate Tectonics- what is it? What is the evidence? How does it work (what’s the mechanism)? Plate boundaries & landforms associated with boundaries, mechanisms such as convection & slab-pull Earthquakes- p & s waves, faults, epicenter v focus, travel-time graph to tell the distance from an earthquake. Energy for Earth’s system – what are the 2 sources? What is each responsible for creating? Soil: Parts of the water cycle- precipitation, evaporation, transpiration, infiltration Rocks- what they are and how they form, specifically the 3 types. Weathering (chemical & mechanical) and erosion- how do these play a role in soil formation? What are factors that influence soil formation? Demonstrate the use of a soil texture diagram Beach erosion and protective structures (groin, seawall, breakwater) Describe the stages of development for barrier islands. Earth Science Midterm Exam Study Guide Intro: Branches of Earth Science - know what each branch studies (meteorology, oceanography, astronomy, geology) Spheres of the Earth- know what each contains- hydrosphere, geosphere, biosphere, atmosphere The Scientific Method- variables, constant, control, hypothesis, theory Astronomy: Nebular Hypothesis, Big Bang Theory Electromagnetic Spectrum Kepler’s Laws, Hubble’s Law, Red Shift Earth, Sun, & Moon motions; Seasons List the basic objects in the universe in order from smallest to largest. Maps: Maps- Latitude & longitude, topographic maps, using scales to determine distance, contour lines Plate Tectonics: Layers of the Earth- crust, mantle, core, lithosphere, asthenosphere Plate Tectonics- what is it? What is the evidence? How does it work (what’s the mechanism)? Plate boundaries & landforms associated with boundaries, mechanisms such as convection & slab-pull Earthquakes- p & s waves, faults, epicenter v focus, travel-time graph to tell the distance from an earthquake. Energy for Earth’s system – what are the 2 sources? What is each responsible for creating? Soil: Parts of the water cycle- precipitation, evaporation, transpiration, infiltration Rocks- what they are and how they form, specifically the 3 types. Weathering (chemical & mechanical) and erosion- how do these play a role in soil formation? What are factors that influence soil formation? Demonstrate the use of a soil texture diagram Beach erosion and protective structures (groin, seawall, breakwater) Describe the stages of development for barrier islands.