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Name _____________________________________________ Word Bank: Black Hole, Period _____ UNIVERSE CBA REVIEW Main Sequence, Nebula, Neutron Date ________ MOD Supernova, White Dwarf 1.) _____________ This is a cloud of gas and dust where a star first starts to form. 2.) 3.) _____________ When a massive, high mass star dies, it can sometimes result in this type of violent, star explosion. 4.) _____________ Our sun is one of these on the H-R diagram…another name for an average, star. 5.) 6.) _____________ Sometimes, instead of a violent death, a star just kind of fizzles out and withers away into this tiny, dim lit core of a star. 7.) 8.) ____________ Very dense objects with gravitational forces so strong that even light can not escape. 9.) There are two types of stars: gigantic, high mass ones and smaller, low mass stars. List the order of events for each star’s life cycles. HIGH MASS Stars: NEBULA MAIN SEQUENCE/BLUE _________________ SUPERNOVA NEUTRON STAR OR BLACK HOLE LOW MASS: NEBULA MAIN SEQUENCE _______________ WHITE DWARF RED DWARF 10.) After supernova, really large stars still have enough mass to create a leftover black hole that can begin to suck in everything around it. What invisible force is responsible for creating this deadly rip in the universe? a. Gravitational b. Magnetic c. Tensional 11.) 12.) Write the following in order from brightest to dimmest star. –3.6, 4.8, 1.2 (SN page 39) Brightest _________ _________ _________ Dimmest 13.) List the possible star colors in order of increasing temperature. (SN page 40) Yellow Red _________ _________ White _________ _________ ___ 14.) IDENTIFY AND DESCRIBE the three different types of galaxies. (textbook p. 272) Type of Galaxy Description LIKE A FLATTENED FOOTBALL OR OVAL ANYTHING ELSE; NO DEFINED SHAPE SHAPED LIKE A HURRICANE EXAMPLE: MILKY WAY 15.) Name and describe the major scientific theory for the formation of the Universe. BIG BANG THEORY: STARTED WITH AN EXPLOSION AND HAS BEEN EXPANDING OUT FOREVER SINCE THEN 16.) List the 3 main pieces of evidence that support this theory? a. ALL THE GALAXIES ARE MOVING AWAY FROM US LIKE THEY HAVE BEEN EXPLODED OUTWARDS FROM A CENTER AS SEEN FROM THEIR: a. Red Shift b. Blue Shift c. Lack of Shift b. COSMIC BACKGROUND RADIATION FILLS ALL OF SPACE. c. ENERGY CAN TURN INTO MATTER 17.) Match the importance of each of the following scientists in Astronomy a. Newton i. Discovered Galaxies (Group of stars travelling through space together.) b. Einstein ii. Discovered Gravity (Force of attraction between objects.) iii. Theory of Relativity (Motion is relative to the observer and the object being observed) c. Hubble 18.) What is a light year? a. Time A measurement of: b. Distance c Mass 19.) Alpha Centauri C is 4.22 light years from Earth (40.09 trillion km). Alpha Centauri B is 4. 36 light years from Earth. Which star’s light will reach Earth first 20.) Stars get their energy from the process of nuclear Fusion. What two elements are involved in the process of nuclear fusion? (p. 41 in SN) __________________ and __________________ 21.) The Andromeda galaxy has a blue shift. What does that mean in reference to the Milky Way? 22.) When a scientist looks at a galaxy that is 12 billion light years away and is red shifted, what does that tell you about the galaxy? 23.) What is the name of the effect caused by motion of an object causing wavelengths to compress in front of it and expand behind it? Use the diagram below to answer the following questions. 24.) What is the name of the above diagram that shows the brightness and temperature of the stars? 25) On the above diagram label each type of star (Blue, Main Sequence, Red Giant, White Dwarf) 26) Label the five stars’ temperature (hot, cold, or average) and magnitude (bright, dim, or average). 1.: 2: 3: 4: 5: 27.) Which of those stars most resembles the sun? 28.) The star in the top right hand corner is a good example of which category of stars? 29.) What tool would scientists use to analyze the light from a far off star to determine whether it had hydrogen, helium and or other elements? 30.) Which kind of Electromagnetic Spectrum wave would be used to study each of the following? Black holes Jupiter Background Radiation Nebulae Temperature EMS Review 31.) Draw and label the 7 types of electromagnetic waves in the EMS. 32.) Draw a wave and label 1 wavelength. Draw a 2nd wave with a higher frequency. 33.) What type of EMS wave has the longest wavelength? _____________________ 34.) Does infrared or x-ray waves have a longer wavelength? __________________ 35.) What type of wave has the highest frequency in the EMS? __________________ 36.) Draw and label the visible light spectrum 400nm 700nm 37.) Redraw the following absorption spectrum to show a red shift. 38.) Would your above drawing represent a star moving towards or away from Earth. Explain. 39.) Explain why an astronaut can hear someone on Earth while they are on the moon, but they would not be able to hear someone next to them.