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Chapter 4- Review / Study Guide (modified)
Plate Tectonics
1) What is indirect evidence?
……………………………………………………………………………….
2) What are seismic
waves?......................................................................................
3) How do geologists know about the Earth’s interior?
………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……..
4) What happens to pressure and temperature as one descends through
the Earth?
Increase / decrease [ circle one ]
5) What is
pressure?.....................................................................................................
6) Identify the four (4) layers of the Earth from the outside and
moving in.
1. …………………………………………………… is solid / liquid
2. ………………………………………………….. is solid / liquid
***
3. …………………………………………………… is solid / liquid
4. …………………………………………………… is solid / liquid
7) What is the crust?
………………………………………………………………………………………………..
8) What is continental crust?
……………………………………………………………………………………
9) What is the most common rock found in continental crust?
...........................
10) What is oceanic crust?
……………………………………………………………………………………………
11) What is the most common rock found in oceanic crust?
……………………………………
12) What is the mantle?
………………………………………………………………………………………………….
13) What is the asthenosphere?
…………………………………………………………………………………….
14) What is the lithosphere?
………………………………………………………………………………………….
15) What is the core?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………….
16) What is the inner core?
…………………………………………………………………………………………
17) What is the outer core?
………………………………………………………………………………………….
18) Of what material is the core comprised? …………………………………..
19) Why is the inner core a solid? Because
……………………………………………………………
20)
What is the cause of the Earth’s magnetic field?
………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………..
21) What is heat transfer?
………………………………………………………………………………………..
22)
What are the three types of heat transfer?
C ……………………………………………………….
C ……………………………………………………….
R ………………………………………………………
23)
What is radiation?
………………………………………………………………………………………..
24)
What is conduction?
…………………………………………………………………………………..
25)
What is
convection?...........................................................................................
26)
How do convection currents move the mantle?
……………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………
27)
How is the Earth’s land similar to a jigsaw puzzle?
……………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………
28)
What is the Theory of Continental Drift?
…………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………….
29)
What is Pangaea?
……………………………………………………………………………………..
30)
How do landforms support the Theory of Continental Drift?

mountains  …………………………………………………………………………………………

coal fields  ……………………………………………………………………………………….
31) How does the climate support the theory? ( cold / warm )
32)
What is a fossil? …………………………………………………………………………………
33)
How do fossils support the theory?
Plant  ……………………………………………………………………………………………….
Animal  ……………………………………………………………………………………………
34)
What are mesosaurus [
glossopteris [
] and
]?
35)
Why did scientists reject Wegner’s theory?
…………………………………..
36)
What is a mid-ocean ridge?
…………………………………………………………………..
37)
What is sonar?
…………………………………………………………………………………………
38)
What happens at mid-ocean ridges?
…………………………………………………….
39)
What is a rift valley?
………………………………………………………………………………….
40)
What does molten material do to rocks at the bottom of a
ridge?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……..
41)
What is sea floor spreading?
…………………………………………………………………………….
42)
Where does sea floor spreading begin? ……………………………………………………
43) On which side of a mid-ocean ridge does sea floor spreading occur?
………………..
44)
How does evidence from molten material support sea floor spreading?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………..
45) How does evidence from magnetic stripes support sea floor
spreading?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………..
46)
Why do magnetic stripes match on each side of a ridge?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………..
47)
How does evidence from drilling samples support sea floor spreading?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………..
48)
What are deep-ocean trenches?
…………………………………………………………………………….
49)
What is subduction?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
50)
What happens at deep ocean trenches?
………………………………………………………………..
51)
Where are the youngest rocks in the ocean floor found? ……………..
Why?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
52)
Where are the oldest rocks in the ocean floor found? ……………………
Why?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
53)
How old are the oldest oceanic rocks? ………………………………. Yrs. Old
54)
How old are the oldest continental rocks? ……………………. Yrs. Old
55)
What are plates?
…………………………………………………………………………………..
56)
What is a scientific theory?
………………………………………………………………..
57)
What are plate tectonics?
……………………………………………………………………..
58)
What are faults?
…………………………………………………………………………………….
59)
Identify three kinds of plate boundaries.
1) C ………………………………………………………………
2) D …………………………………………………………….
3) T ……………………………………………………………..
60)
61)
What are transform boundaries? ……………………………………………………………..
What are divergent boundaries? …………………………………………………………………
Where do they occur?
………………………………………………………………………………………….
62)
What are convergent boundaries? ………………………………………………………………
Where do they occur?
…………………………………………………………………………………………
63)
Identify three (3) examples of convergent boundaries.
1. ……………………………………………………………………….
2. ……………………………………………………………………..
3. ………………………………………………………………………
64)
What happens when two continental plates collide? ……………………………..
65)
What happens to rocks at these boundaries? ……………………………………………
66)
What is the rate of continental movement? ………………………. Per
………………