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Imperialism/Chapter 18: Unit Understandings American Studies Essential Questions: 1. America emerges as a world power: what will change? 2. What factors that were seen as justifications for imperialism are still at work today? 3. If the practices of imperialism often lead to warfare, why do people continue to support those practices? There are two sections of review material for Chapter 18 to assist you in preparing to connect the book Our Town, the Progressive Era, American Imperialism and the Spanish-American War, and World War I. VOCABULARY SECTION: be able to explain what the following terms mean, what events, people, or ideas/concepts they are connected to, and their significance to the American experience in the context of this chapter. imperialism yellow journalism intervention interventionism sugar trust dollar diplomacy annex/annexation canal/canal locks sphere of influence Social Darwinism Manifest Destiny missionary diplomacy "big stick" diplomacy "world's policeman" Roosevelt Corollary genetics dominant/recessive gene foreign v. domestic policy commerce Anglo-Saxon superiority Monroe Doctrine coaling station anti-imperialism tariff political instability protectorate Open Door Policy jingoist Influence of Sea Power on History De Lome letter Platt Amendment Guantanamo Bay naval base "Cuba Libre!" EVENTS SECTION: be able to explain what the following events were, and what people, or ideas/concepts are connected to them, and their significance to the American experience in the context of this chapter. Hawaiian Annexation Spanish-American War "Remember the Maine!" Rough Riders at San Juan Hill Treaty of Paris, 1898 Philippine Annexation Philippine-American War Boxer Rebellion Treaty of Portsmouth "The Great White Fleet" building of the Panama Canal Nicaraguan intervention Mexican Revolution PEOPLE SECTION: be able to explain who the following people were, and what events or ideas/concepts are connected to them, and their significance to the American experience in the context of this chapter. Theodore Roosevelt Sanford B. Dole Queen Lililoukalani Alfred T. Mahan William McKinley George Dewey Emilio Aguinaldo "Pancho" Villa John J. "Blackjack" Pershing Focus Questions 1. What factors spurred American imperialism? 2. "Was there complete agreement in the United States to imperialist expansion?" a. What benefits did supporters of American imperialism say would result from America's pursuit of acquiring new lands around the world? b. What arguments did opponents of imperialism give against American imperialism? 3. What is Manifest Destiny? Explain its roots in the American experience. 4. What is Social Darwinism? Explain how it was used by the American upper classes. 5. Which countries were the major imperialist powers of the world in 1900? 6. HAWAII a. Why did U.S. sugar growers want to annex Hawaii? b. How was it accomplished? c. In what ways is it an example of American imperialism? 7. What was the Monroe Doctrine, and how was it used in the late 19th C for the benefit of the U.S.? 8. What is the relationship between the Progressive/Laissez-Faire beliefs, and American Imperialism? 9. SPANISH-AMERICAN WAR, 1898 a. What caused it? (there is a group of reasons; make sure you deal with all of them...) b. Who was it fought against, and where? c. How was it resolved? d. Should it have been fought? 10. a. Why were their rebellions and insurrections against the U.S. in the Philippines, Nicaragua, China, Puerto Rico, and Cuba? b. Is there a pattern to the results of this? 9. Why was the U.S. so concerned with events in China, such as foreign powers "carving up" the country into spheres of influence and the Boxer Rebellion? 10. THEODORE ROOSEVELT a. How did "Teddy" make the U.S. a major world influence in the Russo-Japanese War? b. What was his role in building the Panama Canal, and why did he think it was so important? c. How did the ideas "Roosevelt Corollary," "big stick diplomacy," "dollar diplomacy," and the "world's policeman" contribute to the rise of the perception that the U.S. was a major world power in the early 1900's? d. Is this idea still present today? What's your evidence? 11. WOODROW WILSON a. What is "missionary diplomacy?" b. What was happening in Mexico between 1900 and 1917 that impacted the U.S.? c. What did President Wilson do in reaction to it, and why?