Download Chapter 14 Vocabulary

Chapter 14 Vocabulary
Character
P generation
Homozygous
epistasis
Genotype
dominant allele
Recessive allele
Multiple alleles
polygenic inheritance
Trait
F1 generation
heterozygous
pleiotropy
testcross
hybridization
alleles
monohybrid
cross
True-breeding
F2 generation
phenotype
codominance
dihybrid cross
incomplete dominance
law of segregation
Law of independent assortment
Complete dominance
Lecture 14 Outline
I.
II.
III.
Gregor Mendel’s Discoveries
A. Mendel brought an experiment and quantitative approach to genetics: science as a process
B. By the law of segregation, the two alleles for a character are packaged into separate gametes
1. Some useful genetics vocabulary
a. homozygous
b. heterozygous
c. phenotype
d. genotype
2. The testcross
C. By the law of independent assortment, each pair of alleles segregates into gametes
independently
D. Mendelian inertitance reflects rules of probability
1. Rule of multiplication
2. Rule of addition
3. Using rules of probability to solve genetics problems
E. Mendel discovered the particulate behavior of genes: a review
Extending Mendelian Genetics
A. The relationship between genotype and phenotype is rarely simple
1. Incomplete dominance
2. What is a dominant allele?
3. Multiple alleles
4. Pleiotropy
5. Epistasis
6. Polygenic inheritance
7. Nature versus nurture: the environmental impact on phenotype
8. integrating a Mendelian view of heredity and variation
Mendelian Inheritance in Humans
A. Pedigree analysis reveals Mendelian patterns in human inheritance
B. Many human disorders follow Mendelian pattern of inheritance
1. Recessively inherited disorders
2. Dominantly inherited disorders
3. Multifactorial disorders
C. Technology is providing new tools for genetic testing and counseling
1. Carrier recognition
2. Fetal Testing
3. Newborn screening