Download Part 1: and fill out this table to compare and contrast

Part 1: Download and fill out this table to compare and contrast Photosynthesis and
Aerobic Cellular Respiration. You will submit the completed table for Part 1.
Full balanced equation :Photosynthesis
6 H2O + 6 CO2+ Energy ========= > C6H12O6 + 6 O2
Aerobic Cellular Respiration
C6H12O6 + 6 O2 ========= > 6 H2O + 6 CO2 + Energy
Reactants :Photosynthesis CO2(Carbon Dioxide) and H20 (Water)
Aerobic Cellular Respiration
C6H12O6 (Glucose) and O2(Oxygen)
Products :Photosynthesis C6H12O6 (Glucose) and O2(Oxygen)
Aerobic Cellular Respiration
CO2(Carbon Dioxide) and H20 (Water)
Is this reaction endergonic or exergonic? State which one it is.
Photosynthesis Enderogenic(As energy is consumed)
Aerobic Cellular Respiration
Exerogenic (As more energy is released in the product side)
Energy source used :Photosynthesis Photon energy i.e energy from sunlight
Aerobic Cellular Respiration From A.T.P which is earlier stored. But the released
energy(ATP) is greater than that is used.
Cell organelles involved in the reaction :Photosynthesis Chloroplasts(the chlorophyll present in chloroplasts is the main requirement for
photosynthesis)
Aerobic Cellular Respiration
Mitochondria
Role of ATP in the reaction :Photosynthesis ATP is consumed during the process of photosynthesis
Aerobic Cellular Respiration
ATP is released or produced during cellular respiration that
provides energy
Part 2: After completing the table you will have a basic understanding of these two
complementary metabolic processes. Using what you have learned, and additional
reference information, answer the following questions.
Q>What is the name given to the types of organisms that can use photosynthesis to produce
glucose? In addition, provide THREE specific examples.
Answer:Organisms that produce glucose through the process of photosynthesis are called
Photoautotrophs.They are given such name because energy is produced from photons(light
particles)
Reaction:6 H2O + 6 CO2 +Energy(From sunlight)========= > C6H12O6 + 6 O2
Common examples are plants, algae and cyanobacteria.
Q>What is the name given to the types of organisms that exclusively use aerobic cellular
respiration to break down glucose to produce ATP for energy? In addition, provide
THREE specific examples.
Answer:Obligate aerobes are the specific group of aerobic organisms that exclusively use aerobic cellular
respiration to break down glucose to produce ATP for energy.
C6H12O6 + 6 O2 + 38 ADP + 38 phosphate → 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + 38 ATP
Examples are Nitrobacter, Nocardia (Gram positive), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Gram negative)
Q>
If oxygen is lacking, how might cells meet their energy needs through fermentation?
Explain and give some examples of cells that can do this.
Answer:In the absence of oxygen, energy is derived from oxidation of organic compounds such as
carbohydrates by the help of an endogenous electron acceptor without the use of oxygen as an
electron acceptor. The electron acceptor is itself an organic compound. Fermentation yields
lactate, ethanol or some other simple products.
In the first step is the process of glycosis where glucose (6 carbons) is broken down into two 3carbon molecules called pyruvic acid.
These pyruvic acid molecules are further converted into other product, and release a small
amount of energy (two molecules of ATP per one molecule of glucose, actually four are
produced in glycosis, but two are used up). There are many fermentation types. Two important
types are (i) alcohol fermentation and (ii) lactic acid fermentation.
Some examples of cells that can do fermentation are bacteria cells like bacteria like the
Lactobacillus acidophilus ,our body muscle cells,yeast cells.
Our muscle cells use lactic acid fermentation. The 3-carbon pyruvic acid molecules are turned
into lactic acid by the process. This usually occurs when there is insufficient supply of oxygen to
our body muscle cells. Example during heavy exercise there is lactic acid fermentation. There is
use of alcohol fermentation during production of wine.
Q>Both photosynthesis and aerobic cellular respiration are examples of complex metabolic
pathways, consisting of many linked chemical reactions that require enzymes to function.
Briefly, explain two (ONLY TWO) attributes of enzymes in catalyzing chemical reactions
and in metabolic pathways.
Be sure to list and cite in APA, all references used to prepare both parts of this IP
assignment.
Answer:Two important characteristics of enzymes are:1>They help in lowering the activation energy (Ea) of the reaction significantly. Thus the
reaction is easier to start. The rate of reaction consequently increases. That is why enzymes are
also called as catalysts. . Enzymes increase the rate of reaction by about 10 and 20 million times
of a normal reaction without enzymes.
2>Active site of the enzymes interacts with the substrate. The active site closely matches the
molecular configuration of the substrate.This helps in formation of enzyme-substrate complex.
After the enzyme completes its work, the products breakdown(the complex Is also broken). The
enzyme then moves to help in another reaction.
Reference:http://biology.clc.uc.edu/Courses/bio104/cellresp.htm
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/bv.fcgi?rid=cooper.section.279
http://www.cliffsnotes.com/WileyCDA/CliffsReviewTopic/Enzymes.topicArticleId8741,articleId-8592.html