* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download CHAPTER 10, 11, 12 2017 STUDY GUIDE
Arkansas in the American Civil War wikipedia , lookup
Battle of Big Bethel wikipedia , lookup
Gettysburg Address wikipedia , lookup
Battle of Roanoke Island wikipedia , lookup
Galvanized Yankees wikipedia , lookup
Battle of Island Number Ten wikipedia , lookup
Fort Sumter wikipedia , lookup
Battle of Antietam wikipedia , lookup
Battle of Fort Sumter wikipedia , lookup
East Tennessee bridge burnings wikipedia , lookup
Battle of Forts Jackson and St. Philip wikipedia , lookup
Battle of Wilson's Creek wikipedia , lookup
Battle of Seven Pines wikipedia , lookup
Baltimore riot of 1861 wikipedia , lookup
Battle of Lewis's Farm wikipedia , lookup
Lost Cause of the Confederacy wikipedia , lookup
Texas in the American Civil War wikipedia , lookup
Battle of Port Royal wikipedia , lookup
Tennessee in the American Civil War wikipedia , lookup
Battle of Gaines's Mill wikipedia , lookup
Confederate States of America wikipedia , lookup
Blockade runners of the American Civil War wikipedia , lookup
Battle of Namozine Church wikipedia , lookup
Pacific Coast Theater of the American Civil War wikipedia , lookup
Capture of New Orleans wikipedia , lookup
First Battle of Bull Run wikipedia , lookup
Fort Fisher wikipedia , lookup
United States presidential election, 1860 wikipedia , lookup
Battle of New Bern wikipedia , lookup
Opposition to the American Civil War wikipedia , lookup
Anaconda Plan wikipedia , lookup
Battle of Fort Pillow wikipedia , lookup
Virginia in the American Civil War wikipedia , lookup
Commemoration of the American Civil War on postage stamps wikipedia , lookup
South Carolina in the American Civil War wikipedia , lookup
Conclusion of the American Civil War wikipedia , lookup
Economy of the Confederate States of America wikipedia , lookup
Hampton Roads Conference wikipedia , lookup
Border states (American Civil War) wikipedia , lookup
Alabama in the American Civil War wikipedia , lookup
Georgia in the American Civil War wikipedia , lookup
Union (American Civil War) wikipedia , lookup
Military history of African Americans in the American Civil War wikipedia , lookup
Issues of the American Civil War wikipedia , lookup
Mississippi in the American Civil War wikipedia , lookup
United Kingdom and the American Civil War wikipedia , lookup
PART I: THE BEGINNING AND MAJOR BATTLES THE BEGINNING… Secession With the election of Abraham Lincoln in November 1860, Southern states started to secede They based their move on the argument of States’ Rights What is states’ rights? States feel the state government should have more power than the federal government & they should be able to disregard any law they do not like. The Confederate States of America The states that seceded met in Montgomery, Alabama and formed the Confederate States of America Jefferson Davis was named president of the Confederacy A constitution was drafted, modeled after the U.S. Constitution (except for states’ rights and slavery The new nation made plans to defend their separation from the Union What was/were the main point(s) of Davis’s Inaugural Address?... Lincoln’s Inauguration Americans waited for Lincoln’s Inauguration to see what he would do about the crisis Lincoln took office on March 4th, 1861 and gave his First Inaugural Address. He assured the South that he would not abolish slavery He spoke against secession and appealed to friendship What did you think about his speech?... What will happen? Lincoln wanted no invasion, no aggression He did have government property in the states that had seceded that he would not abandon Forts in the South, like Fort Sumter in South Carolina would need supplies First Shots at Fort Sumter Fort Sumter was commanded by a Union sympathizer Lincoln informed South Carolina that he would be sending supply ships to the fort Confederate Leaders attacked the fort before the ships got there First shots were fired at 4:30 am on April 12, 1861 The Confederates bombarded the fort for 34 hours and it surrendered The war had begun Soldiers Needed • When fighting began, Confederate President Jefferson Davis called for volunteers • Although thousands of Texans immediately joined the army, more soldiers were needed by the end of the first year of the war • To meet this need, the Confederate Congress passed the Conscription Act – Conscription is the forced enrollment of people into military service – The Act required men 18-35 years of age to serve How many total Confederate states were there? 11 Then why are there 13 stars on the Confederate battle flag? Because Kentucky and Missouri had representatives in both the Confederate & Union legislatures. They also had regiments in both armies. NORTH VS. SOUTH… NORTH SOUTH Confederacy, Confederate States of America, C.S.A. NAME Union, United States of America, USA UNIFORMS Blue Gray NICKNAME Yankees Rebels PRESIDENT Abraham Lincoln Jefferson Davis GENERAL Ulysses S. Grant Robert E. Lee CAPITAL Washington D.C. Richmond, Virginia # of STATES 23 11 POPULATION 22 million 9 million (3. 5 million were slaves) 85% of the factories were in the North OTHER FACTS (Advantages) 2X the railroad acreage of the South The had better leaders/Generals in the beginning Most battles were fought in the South, so they knew the territory better The Navy & shipyards belonged to the North The Confederate Strategy 1. The South started fighting a defensive since they had been invaded 2. The South depended on King Cotton to gain support from Europe As the war went on, the South took on the offensive and invaded the North The Union Strategy The Union’s strategy was called the Anaconda Plan. It was designed to smother the economy of the South like an anaconda snake squeezing its prey. 1. Blockade the South’s coastline to prevent exports 2. Gain control of the Mississippi River to split the Confederacy in two 3. Take control of Richmond, the Confederate capital Lincoln ordered the invasion of Richmond in the summer of 1861, but to no avail. IMPORTANT BATTLES (AND OTHER STUFF)… Battle of Bull Run 1st major land battle of the Civil War Fought 26 miles from Washington D.C. The Confederate victory at Bull Run made the South think they had won the war It also made the North realize that they had underestimated their opponent Battle of Antietam • Late in 1862, Generals Robert E. Lee and George McClellan faced off in the first battle in Northern territory • After a string of defeats, McClellan’s victory over Lee provided Abraham Lincoln with an opportunity to issue the Emancipation Proclamation • It remains as the bloodiest day in American history – with over 22,000 casualties The Emancipation Proclamation On January 1, 1863, Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation, which freed all slaves in Confederate territories Lincoln did not have the constitutional power to free slaves in the United States This weakened the Confederacy, and changed the goal of the war for the North from preservation (keeping the Union together) to liberation (freeing or liberating the slaves.) Turning Point: Gettysburg There are two Northern victories in the war that are considered turning points: Gettysburg and Vicksburg Gettysburg turned back the Confederacy’s advance into the North Lincoln gave the Gettysburg Address following the battle What were the main points of the Gettysburg Address? Turning Point: Vicksburg The Northern siege of Vicksburg gave control of the Mississippi River, splitting the Confederacy in two The victories at Gettysburg and Vicksburg swung the tide of the war to the Union (North)