Download Plants and Fungi: Chapters 28 – 30

Plants and Fungi: Chapters 29 – 31
Quiz Review
Chapter 29 – Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land
1. Why are Charophyceans thought to be ancestors of land plants?
2. Describe the following plant adaptations. Explain how each is significant to
terrestrial survival.
a. sporopollenin
b. cuticle
c. vascular tissue
d. spores
e. seeds
f. secondary compounds (alkaloids, terpenes, etc.)
3. Plants are different and distinct from algal ancestors in several important ways.
Describe each of the following:
a. apical meristem
b. alternation of generations
c. walled spores
4. The plant kingdom can be divided into 10 phyla of organisms alive today. The
four phyla listed below are among the most common and widespread. Describe
each phyla, including common names of each, the approximate number of extant
species, and the major characteristics.
a. Bryophyta
b. Pterophyta
c. Coniferophyta
d. Anthophyta
5. Explain Alternation of Generations in plants and distinguish it from sexual
reproduction in animals. Label the generic diagram below as well.
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Describe a few features common to Bryophytes.
What is the dominant phase of the moss life cycle?
What is the dominant phase of the fern life cycle?
List the key adaptations of Pteridophytes (ferns) not seen in Bryophytes.
Explain how vascular tissue (xylem and phloem) is important to plants in the
following ways:
a. Support
b. Transport
11. What types of plants have roots? How did plants benefit by the evolution of
roots?
12. What do megasporangia produce? What do microsporangia produce?
Chapter 30 – The Evolution of Seed Plants
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How is the reduced gametophyte an adaptation for seeded plants?
What is the significance of the seed?
What was the advantage of pollen?
List the four phyla of gymnosperms. Which is the most common?
What is the function of flowers and fruits in angiosperms?
Describe the role of ovaries and ovules in the flowering plants.
How many sperm are in a mature pollen grain in the flowering plants?_________
What is the fate of each of these sperm nuclei during fertilization?
What is this fertilization process called? ________________________________
What is the function of endosperm?
Examine the picture below. Label all important stages/events in the angiosperm
life cycle.
24. Examine the picture below, which shows several characteristics of monocots and
dicots (eudicots). List 5 differences between the two.
Monocots
Dicots
25. How has the evolution of angiosperms shaped the evolution of animals? Give several
examples.
Chapter 31: Fungi
1. How do fungi acquire nutrients?
2. Because of their mode of nutrition, fungi have evolved what structure to provide for
both extensive surface area for absorption and rapid growth?
3. What is a mycelium?
4. How do the cell walls of fungi differ from the cell walls of plants?
5. How does cell division in fungi differ from prokaryotes and from the other
eukaryotes?
6. How do fungi contribute to an ecosystem?
7. Give three examples of how fungi are beneficial to humans.
8. Give three examples of how fungi are harmful to plants and animals.
9. Describe the nature of these mutualistic symbioses:
a. lichens
b. mycorrhizae
c. fungal gardens of leaf cutter ants
10. The diagrams below depict the life cycles of the Zygomycetes and the
Basidiomycetes. They illustrate the varied reproductive strategies of the fungi. Label the
important structures and events seen in the two diagrams and add the terms
monokaryotic, dikaryotic, diploid, and haploid to the appropriate stages.
13. Outline the key characteristics of each branch of the Kingdom Fungi. Include the
name of the group, key characteristics, several examples of organisms in each division,
and the approximate number of living species.
Group
Characteristics
Examples
Zygomycota
Glomeromycota
Ascomycota
Basidiomycota
14. Be able to answer all questions from the mushroom dissection lab we did in class.