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1 2 Characteristics 3 Singled celled heterotrophic multicellular absorption Most reproduce Sexually Asexually Spores Cell wall …chitin Spores Bodies made of hyphae (mycelium) 4 5 Made of Chitin (a carbohydrate) Modes of Nutrition Heterotrophic Absorption Saprotrophs Parasitic 6 Three fungal lifestyles: 7 8 •Cattle, like other some other animals such as goats, deer, and giraffes, have billions of microbes inside their guts which help them digest their food •The large microbe is a type of protist. •The creature that looks like a tadpole attached to the side of the protist is a fungal spore. •The smaller, rod-shaped beasts lining the underside of the protist are bacteria. Associations between fungi and plants •Mycorrhizae are symbiotic relationships between fungi and plant roots (the term means literally 'fungus root'). •Perhaps more than 80% of the species of higher plants have these relationships 9 Lichens • Mutualistic relationship between a fungus and an algae (or a photosynthetic bacteria). 1 • Parasitic fungi 0 •Some species are predatory fungi that live in the soil and ensnare animals such as nematodes (roundworms) in a loop of hyphae. •Human-Athletes foot, ringworm 1 1 Nutrient RECYCLERS 1 2 Each spore has the potential to generate another individual of the species. • Spores can be spread out (dispersed) by wind, water, & animals. “Sac Fungi” 1 3 “True Fungi” 1 4 1 5 “Molds and Mildews” 1 6 Usefulness of Fungi •Fungi are valuable economically as a •Antibiotics, vitamins •various industrially important chemicals, such as •Acetone, Enzymes •fermentation processes, as in the production of •alcoholic beverages, vinegar, cheese, bread dough •Extremely important in soil renewal, through the decomposition of organic matter 1 7 Yeasts •single cells, produce daughter cells either by budding or by binary fission •the common baker's yeast- Saccharomyces cerevisiae 1 8 1 9 20 Fairy Rings The mycelium grows in a circle and mushrooms grow on the edges of the mycelium, so the mushrooms grow in a circle! 21 EOCT Questions 22 23 24