Download Chapter 11 Questions/STUDY GUIDE

STUDY GUIDE – Motion, Force, Energy
Name _____________________
Motion
Questions
1. What is a “frame of
reference”? How is it used
to measure motion?
Answers
Frame of Reference –
How is it used to measure motion -
2. Compare and contrast
DISTANCE and
DISPLACEMENT.
DISTANCE –
DISPLACEMENT-
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3. What is the difference
between average speed and
instantaneous speed? What
is the formula for speed?
Average Speed –
Instantaneous Speed –
Speed Formula –
4. What does velocity
describe?
Velocity –
5. What shows the speed on
a distance-time graph?
6. Does a car’s speedometer
show instantaneous speed
or average speed? Explain!
7. Describe acceleration and Acceleration –
give its formula.
Formula for Acceleration –
8. Describe the three types
of acceleration.
1.
2.
3.
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9. Describe free fall. What
is the acceleration due to
gravity on Earth?
(page 343)
Free fall –
Acceleration due to gravity –
10. Describe the difference
in the following graphs.
11. Describe the difference
in the following graphs.
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Force and Friction
Question
12. What is a force?
Answer
13. What measuring
instrument is used to
measure force?
14. What is net force?
15. What are balanced
forces?
16. What happens when
forces are unbalanced?
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17. What is friction?
18. What are the 4 main
types of friction?
1.
2.
3.
4.
19. What are the two main
types of fluid friction?
1.
2.
20. Earth’s gravitational
force acts in what
direction?
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21. Describe
terminal velocity?
22. What is the difference
between weight and
mass?
23. Explain the following
picture in terms of force &
friction!
24. What could the snow
boarder do to increase his
speed down the slope? (hint
– how could he decrease
friction?)
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25. Which arrow represents
friction?
26. Why does a flat sheet of
paper fall more slowly than
a crumpled sheet of paper?
27. Why is braking less
effective on a wet road?
28. What direction is the
box going if these applied
forces are on it? What is the
net force applied to the box?
40 N
60 N
50 N
20 N
40 N
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Newton’s Laws of Motion
29. Why is Newton’s First Law
of Motion called the “Law of
Inertia?
30. Describe how the car crash
pictured demonstrates
Newton’s 1st Law of Inertia.
31. Explain how a seat belt and
air bags work using Newton’s
First Law of Inertia.
32. A soda bottle is thrown
straight up in the air while
driving in a convertible. What
will happen to the bottle if
there is air resistance? What
will happen to the bottle if
there is NO air resistance?
33. WITH air resistance and
friction, what will happen to a
ball rolled down a long
hallway? WITHOUT air
resistance and friction what
will happen to a ball rolled
down a long hallway?
Air Resistance –
NO Air Resistance -
WITH Air Resistance and Friction WITHOUT Air Resistance and Friction -
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34. What is the easy way to
remember the formula for
Newton’s 2nd Law?
35. A boy pushes a cart of
groceries with a mass of 40 kg.
What is the acceleration of the
cart if the Net Force on the cart
is 60 N?
Formula:
Plug & Chug:
Answer w/ Units:
36. What change is the system
to the right would cause the
fan blades to ROTATE
(accelerate) FASTER?
37. If the two cars to the right
had the same engine (force),
describe the acceleration of
each car
38. What could be done to
increase the velocity of a
rocket?
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39. Describe Newton’s Third
Law of Action and Reaction.
40. What action would cause
the box in the car to move
East?
41. A bike is hit by a SemiTruck. Compared to the force
the Semi-Truck exerts on the
bike, the force the bike exerts
on the Semi-Truck is…..
42. Describe how this picture
demonstrates Newton’s Third
Law of Action/Reaction.
43. A car is traveling at a
velocity of 35 mph when it
suddenly runs into a brick wall.
What is the velocity of the
driver the moment after impact
IF the driver is NOT wearing his
seatbelt?
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Kinetic and Potential Energy
Question
44. How is the kinetic energy
of an object determined?
Answer
45. A 0.10 kg bird is flying at a
constant velocity of 8.0 m/s.
Calculate the bird’s kinetic
energy.
Formula:
Plug & Chug:
Answer w/ units:
46. A 70 kg man is walking at a Formula:
velocity of 2.0 m/s. Calculate
the man’s kinetic energy.
Plug & Chug:
Answer w/ units:
47. A 1400 kg car is moving at
a velocity of 25 m/s. Calculate
the kinetic energy of the car.
Formula:
Plug & Chug:
Answer w/ units:
48. A pitcher throws a 0.145
kg baseball at a velocity of 30
m/s. Calculate the kinetic
energy of the ball.
Formula:
Plug & Chug:
Answer w/ units:
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49. What factors determine the
gravitational potential energy
of an object?
50. A diver has a mass of 50 kg
and is standing at the top of a
10 meter high platform.
Calculate the gravitational
potential energy of the diver.
Formula:
Plug & Chug:
Answer w/ units:
51. A 60 kg person walks from
the ground to roof of a 74.8 m
tall building. Calculate the
gravitational potential energy
of the person at the top of the
building.
Formula:
Plug & Chug:
Answer w/ units:
52. Suppose a 200 kg dolphin
is lifted in the air to be placed
into an aquarium tank.
Calculate the gravitational
potential energy needed to lift
the dolphin 3 m into the air.
Formula:
Plug & Chug:
Answer w/ units:
53. What type of energy is
represented by an archer
stretching a bow string?
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54. Can an object have both
kinetic energy and potential
energy at the same time?
Explain.
55. Describe the energy of a
playground swing at its highest
position.
56. Calculate the potential
energy for each ball. Which
ball has the greatest potential
energy?
A
B
Formula:
Formula:
Plug & Chug:
Plug & Chug:
Answer w/ units:
Answer w/ units:
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57. At which position would
the baseball have the most
potential and kinetic energy?
58. Discuss the positions of the
pendulum in terms of kinetic
and potential energy.
59. Discuss the potential and
kinetic energy of the skier in
the picture.
60. Discuss the kinetic and
potential energy of the box in
the diagram.
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