Download Name Date Class Chapter 13 Study Guide Chapter 13, Section 1

Name ____________________________________ Date ___________________ Class _______________
Chapter 13 Study Guide
Chapter 13, Section 1 (Pgs 317-321)
1. When were the Middle Ages?
2. Why was trade disrupted in the early Middle Ages?
a. b. c. 3. Where did people move to after the collapse of cities?
a. Why did they move there?
4. Describe how governments changed during the Middle Ages:
a. In Roman society what two things were important?
b. What was more important to Germanic society?
5. Who were the Franks?
Where did they hold power?
Who was their leader?
6. How did Clovis’ conversion to Christianity help him gain power?
7. What is a monastery?
8. What did Venerable Bede write? (p.319)
9. What does secular mean?
What did Pope Gregory I do that involved him in secular matters?
10. What was the Carolingian Dynasty?
11. When did Charlemagne take control of the Frankish kingdom?
12. Why was Charlemagne’s coronation historic?
13. How did Charlemagne strengthen his royal power?
14. What did Charlemagne do that encouraged learning?
Name ____________________________________ Date ___________________ Class _______________
Chapter 13, Section 2 (Pgs 322-326)
1. Which dreaded attackers came from the North?
2. What did the Magyars come from and what did they do?
3. How did the invasions of the Vikings, Muslims, and Magyars change the political and
economic systems of Europe? (p. 323)
4. Feudalism is a system of mutual obligations. Feudalism vocabulary terms:
a. Lord
b. Vassal
c. Fief
d. Knights
e. Serfs
f. Manor
g. Tithe
5. Explain the phrase “the manor was a largely self-sufficient community.”
Chapter 13, Section 3 (Pgs 327-331)
1. What did feudal lords gain through warfare?
2. How did the stirrup help knights in battle?
3. What did knights receive in return for fighting for their lord?
4. What is the code of chivalry? Who were the three masters?
5. What was the purpose of tournaments?
6. What was the function of a castle? (328)
7. What happened to the status of women in feudal society?
Name ____________________________________ Date ___________________ Class _______________
Chapter 13, Section 4 (332-335)
1. Why did strong rulers begin to question the authority of the pope?
2. What is clergy?
3. What are sacraments and how did they unify people?
4. What is canon law?
5. What is excommunication?
6. Which was the strongest kingdom after the death of Charlemagne?
7. What is lay investiture?
8. Describe what happened to Henry IV when he tried to fight the papacy:
In 1075, Henry IV, furious that Pope Gregory VII banned ______________________,
wrote a letter to the pope calling him “not pope but false monk.” Gregory answered by
__________________________________ Henry IV. Since the German bishops and
principles sided with the __________ , Henry IV had to try to make up. He went across
the snowy Alps to see the Pope, and then Henry IV, cried for _________________ at the
gate of the castle where the pope stayed. The pope ________________ Henry IV. Then
Henry IV went home and _____________________ the nobles who had rebelled against
him.
Name ____________________________________ Date ___________________ Class _______________
Chapter 14, Section 1 (Pgs 341-346)
1. Three practices that had corrupted the church:
a. The marriages of ______________________ against church rulings.
b. Simony: _________________________________________________
c. Lay investiture put ____________________ in control of church bishops.
2. Who was St. Francis of Assisi?
3. Describe Gothic Architecture:
Cathedrals thrust _____________________. Light streamed in through
_____________________________________. Vaulted ceilings rose up to
____________ feet. Look at the diagram on page 343. Key features of Gothic
architecture: 1) pointed vaults that supported ____________________________
2) _________________________________ supported the walls.
3) _________________________ and ____________________ pointed to heaven.
4. Pope Urban II called for a crusade against the _______________ ________________.
5. Reasons people joined the Crusades:
a. Kings and the Church wanted to get rid of quarrelsome __________________.
b. Younger sons were looking for _______________ and __________________ in
society.
c. Pope Urban II assured knights who died a place in ___________________.
d. Merchants profited by making __________________ to finance the Crusades.
e. Merchants also hoped to win control of _______________ _______________.
6. Describe what happened in the first and second Crusades:
Most of the Crusaders were of _______________ origin. The Crusaders were _____prepared and did not know much about the __________ _________________. Finally,
they approached ________________________ and besieged the city for a month.
______________ feudal states were carved out of the territory. The states were
vulnerable to Muslim ________________________.
7. Who was Saladin?
8. Who did Richard the Lion-hearted defeat?
9. What did the knights sent to fight the fourth Crusade end up doing?
10. What was the Reconquista?
11. What was the Inquisition?
12. What are the major effects of the Crusades on European and Middle Eastern culture?
a. Lessened the power of the ___________. b. Weakened the feudal _____________.
c. Stimulated ______________ between Europe and Southwest Asia. d. Relations
between Christians, Jews and Muslims ______________________.
Name ____________________________________ Date ___________________ Class _______________
Chapter 14, Section 2 (Pgs 348-351)
1. Under the three-field system, farmers could use ___________________ of their land
each year.
2. A trade guild is an association of people who work in the same ___________________.
3. What are the dangers of the new towns?
Medieval towns developed haphazardly without plans for disposing ______________.
People never __________________; houses lacked __________, _______________ and
_________________. Houses were built with flammable thatch roofs and were
vulnerable to __________________.
4. How did the move to the vernacular in language change literature?
5. What was the effect of towns on the feudal system?
Chapter 14, Section 3 (Pgs 352-355)
1. In 1066, William the Conqueror successfully defeated Normandy and then England. This
is called the ____________________ ___________________.
2. With the marriage of Henry II and Eleanor of Aquitaine, Henry was both king of England
and________ to the king of France.
3. Why is a jury such a major advancement to English Law?
4. In 1215 King John signed the Magna Carta. What was the Magna Carta supposed to
ensure?
5. Describe the function of a parliament.
Chapter 14, Section 4 (Pgs 356-361)
1. Describe the two sides of the Great Schism.
2. What problems John Wycliffe and Jan Hus have with the Catholic Church?
3. What factors in society enabled the spread of the bubonic plague?
4. List 5 ways that medieval society changed after the plague had ravaged towns.
5. What caused the Hundred Years’ War?
6. Explain how the use of the longbow changed warfare in the Hundred Years’ War.
7. How did Joan of Arc change the tide of war during the siege of Orleans?