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The Body in Action NBHS Standard Grade Biology Study Guide Movement The General Level work you have done in this subtopic should enable you to: name the main bones on a diagram of the skeleton know that the skeleton gives the body support, and why it is needed for movement know that the skeleton gives protection and give examples of parts of the skeleton which protect important organs describe how a hinge joint moves and give examples two hinge joints in the body describe how a ball and socket joint moves and give examples of two ball and socket joints in the body know what ligaments do know what cartilage does in a joint know the two types of material which make up bone, know why each material is important, and describe experiments which remove each of these materials know what tendons do describe how muscles brings about movement at a joint The Credit Level work you have done in this subtopic should enable you to: know that bone is formed by living cells describe the detailed structure of a joint, naming the parts and explaining what they do explain why tendons are less elastic than ligaments explain why a joint must have a pair of opposing muscles NBHS Standard Grade Biology Study Guide Coordination The General Level work you have done in this subtopic should enable you to: identify the parts of the eye on a diagram describe the functions of the parts of the eye explain the advantage of animals having two eyes rather than one identify the parts of the ear on a diagram describe the functions of the parts of the ear explain the advantage of animals having two ears rather than one know that the nervous system consists of the brain, spinal cord and nerves know which parts make up the central nervous system explain the functions of sensory nerves and motor nerves The Credit Level work you have done in this subtopic should enable you to: explain how binocular vision allows judgement of distance explain how the arrangement of the semicircular canals allows them to carry out their function explain how a reflex action works and understand a diagram of a reflex arc identify the three main regions of the brain and describe their functions NBHS Standard Grade Biology Study Guide Changing Levels of Performance The General Level work you have done in this subtopic should enable you to: know that continuous muscle contraction results in muscle fatigue know which substance is in short supply in muscle cells during continuous contraction and the substance which builds up as a result explain why pulse rate and breathing rate speed up during exercise compare the changes in pulse rate during exercise in an athlete and a non-athlete describe how recovery time can be used to measure fitness The Credit Level work you have done in this subtopic should enable you to : describe anaerobic respiration in muscle cells and explain how it causes muscle fatigue know that training improves the efficiency of lungs and circulation NBHS Standard Grade Biology Study Guide