Download CARBOHYDRATES

CARBOHYDRATES (284)
1. Carbohydrates are an important part of a healthy diet. Why do we
need carbohydrates?
Provide the body with the fuel it needs for physical activity and
proper organ function
Our main source of energy
2. What kinds of foods provide us with carbohydrates?
Best sources-fruits, vegetables, and whole grains
Food examples: bread, beans, milk, popcorn, potatoes, cookies,
spaghetti, corn
Usually come in the form of sugars, fibers, and starches
3. What are the two types of carbohydrates and explain each
 Simple-sugars that enter bloodstream rapidly and provide
quick energy also provides calories, but many times not
very nutritious
 Complex-starches and fibers, most of your diet should be
complex
 Examples: bread, pasta, vegetables, potato, beans
 starches-long lasting energy, breaks down to glucose,
stored as glycogen in muscle
 fiber-moves food through digestive tract
A. insoluble Fiber-binds with water, bowel movements (wheat)
B. soluble Fiber -reduced level of cholesterol (oatmeal , beans)
4. Another system for classifying carbohydrates is known as the
glycemic index. What is it?
Measures how fast and how far blood sugar rises after you eat a
food that contains carbohydrates.
For example, white bread has a high glycemic index
5. High glycemic index foods are linked to increasing risk for diabetes
and heart disease
6. What is a food’s glycemic load?
Multiply a food’s glycemic index by the amount of carbohydrate it
contains
This helps you develop a balance between high carb foods and
the ones that make your blood sugar spike
Important to remember
‘…replace highly processed grains, cereals, and sugars with minimally
processed whole grain products and only eat potatoes occasionally…”
Carbohydrates break down into sugar and starches, @55% of your diet,
4 calories per gram
(307)
7. A disease in which the body either produces little or no insulin or
cannot properly use insulin is called diabetes
8. How is diabetes treated?
Diet, exercise, medications, insulin
9. What is hypoglycemia?
Too much insulin causing blood sugar to be low
10.
11.
What kind of advice would you give to someone with diabetes?
1.eat complex carbs and protein
2.limit simple carbs
3. eat 6 small meals a day
4. test blood sugar regularly
5.maintain desirable weight
What is the difference between Type I and Type 2 diabetes?
I - Don’t make enough insulin, so their cells can’t absorb sugar,
insulin injections…only affects 5-10% of population
2 – Cells don’t respond well to the need for insulin (insulin
resistance) causes blood sugar and insulin levels to remain high long after
eating. Type 2 is also known as “adult onset” diabetes increased insulin
resistance, linked to excessive weight gain