Download Chapter1213 MacLellan Flashcards

FLASH CARDS #1
Prevailing
Wind
Moderating
Effect
Winds that are most
commonly found in an area.
For example, over most of
Canada, the prevailing winds
are Westerlies, which blow
from west to east
Effect that large water
bodies have on the climate
over nearby land areas.
Boreal&
Taiga Soil
Type of vegetation in the
Canadian prairie provinces
where higher precipitation
levels cause grasses to grow
longer than in drier, short-grass
prairie areas.
Coniferous (needle leaved)
forest that stretches from east
to west across Canada, south
of the tundra but north of the
grasslands and mixed forests.
Leaching
Removal of minerals from soil
by water as it moves
downward through the soil.
Leaching occurs in wet
climates.
Long Grass
Prairie
FLASH CARDS #2
Loam
Top Soil
Rich, fertile earth in which
decaying and decayed
plant matter is mixed with
clay, silt and sand.
Surface layer of soil.
Mixed
Forest
Vegetation region that
contains both coniferous
and deciduous trees.
Capillary
Action
Movement of water
upward through small
spaces, as in soil
Jet Stream
West to east movement of
air in the mid-latitude flowing
at speeds of up to 400 km/h
at an altitude of between
8000 and 15000 m.
FLASH CARDS #3
Annual
Precipitation
Monthly average
temperatures added
together and divided by
12
Tundra
Northernmost vegetation
region, found in areas to cold
for trees to grow. Bushes,
grasses, mosses, and similar
plants dominate
Condensation
Air Pressure
Sod Mat
Process whereby water
vapor is cooled and
changes from an
invisible gas to liquid
water. (Forms Clouds)
Weight of Air
Deep intertwined root
system of the grass. This
sod mat absorbs and
stores moisture, and holds
the soil in place.
FLASH CARDS #2
Active
Layer
Upper layer of permafrost
that thaws only briefly in the
summertime.
Rain
shadow
Area on the leeward side of
the mountains, with little
precipitation
Windward
Leeward
Oil Seeds
On the side of the mountain
range that faces the
prevailing wind.
Side of the mountain or
mountain range facing away
from the prevailing winds.
Seed used in the production
of oils, e.g., canola or
sunflower.
FLASH CARDS #4
Park Land
Vegetation region that is a
transition zone between
grassland and Boreal
Forest.
Polar Front
Stormy boundary between
cold, dry polar air and
warm, moist tropical air.
Calcification
Process by which, in dry
climates, water carrying
dissolved minerals moves
upward through the soil
Dew
Relief
Precipitation
Invisible water vapor in the
air, that condenses on cool
surfaces during clear
nights when the air is calm,
forming water droplets.
Precipitation created when
an air mass rises to cross
a mountain barrier. Also
called orographic
precipitation.