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Chapter 4 Section 1 What Causes Climate OBJECTIVE: Identify factors used to define climates and differentiate between climate regions. 1. Climate: The average, year-after-year conditions of Temperature, precipitation, winds and clouds in an area. 2. Two main factors determine the climate of a region: Temperature and precipitation 3. TEMPERATURE-The main factors that influence temperature are: A. LATITUDE-Effects the amount of sun to the Earth B. ALTITUDE-Temperature decreases about 6* for every km you Go up through the Troposphere. C. Distance from large bodies of water – Oceans keep land Temperature moderate because they heat up slowly and cool Down slowly. D. OCEAN CURRENTS: Warm ocean currents make land nearby warmer. Cool ocean currents make land nearby cooler. 4. PRECIPITATION: Factors that effect precipitation are: A. PREVAILING WIND: Moves air masses which cause precipitation. B. MOUNTAIN RANGES: Rain and snow falls on the windward side of a mountain. The land on the leeward side of a mountain (down wind) is in the rain shadow. C. SEASONAL WINDS: A seasonal change in wind patterns can affect precipitation. *Monsoons: Sea and Land breezes over a large region that change direction with the season. 5.Micro climates: The same factors that affect large climate Regions affect smaller areas. A small area with specific climate Conditions*Park *Parking Lot or Drive way *Lawn *Windy Peninsula in the ocean 6. The seasons are caused by the tilt of the Earth’s axis as Earth Travels around the sun.