Download Aftermath of World War I Student

Name: ___________________________________________________________________Period: __________ Date: __________
World War I: Global Impact
Standard: Demonstrate an understanding of long-term causes of World War I and its global impact.
Essential Question: What were the long-term causes of World War I and its global impact?
Explain the major decisions made in the Versailles Treaty; include German reparations and the
mandate system that replaced Ottoman control.
Armistice
Treaty of Versailles
War Guilt Clause:
Military Restrictions:
Territorial Loses:
Development of New Nations
Austria-Hungary:
Russia:
Mandate System
Description:
Example:
Results:
The League of Nations
Description:
Issues:
Purpose:
Essential Question: What were the long-term causes of World War I and its global impact?
Reaction to Treaty
Germany:
United States:
Africans & Asians:
Italy & Japan:
Analyze the destabilization of Europe in the collapse of the great empires; include the Romanov and
Hapsburg dynasties.
Destabilization of Europe
Description:
Examples:
Romanov Dynasty
Russian Decline:
The Russian Revolution:
Hapsburg Dynasty
Austrian Decline:
Outcome:
Spain:
Impact
World War I: Global Impact
Standard: Demonstrate an understanding of long-term causes of World War I and its global impact.
Essential Question: What were the long-term causes of World War I and its global impact?
Explain the major decisions made in the Versailles Treaty; include German reparations and the
mandate system that replaced Ottoman control.
Armistice
 by September 1918 Germany realized defeat was inevitable and sought terms for peace
 signed an armistice (agreement to stop fighting)
 roughly 20 million Europeans died because of the war
Treaty of Versailles
War Guilt Clause:
 forced Germany to accept blame for the war
 had to pay reparations (compensation) to cover
the cost of its destruction
 Germany forced to pay the Allies $33 billion
over 30 years
Military Restrictions:
 Limits set on the size of the German army
 Germany prohibited from importing or
manufacturing weapons or war material
 Germany forbidden to build or buy submarines or
have an air force
 Rhineland was established as a demilitarized
zone
Territorial Loses:
 Germany returned Alsace-Lorraine to France
 French border extended to west bank of Rhine River
 Germany surrendered all of its overseas colonies in Africa and the pacific
Development of New Nations
Austria-Hungary:
Austria, Hungary, Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia
recognized as independent nations
Russia:
Romania and Poland both gained Russian land.
Finland, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania, formerly
Russia, became independent nations.
Mandate System
Description:
Example:
 territories of the Central powers fell under the
 France = Lebanon and Syria
control of an Allied Power, instead of being
 Great Britain = Iraq and Palestine (modern-day
granted independence
Israel)
Results:
 seen as a betrayal by many in these Arab nations and served to instill bitterness against the West in many
parts of the Middle East
 Ottoman Empire retained only land in Anatolia
The League of Nations
Description:
 proposed by President Wilson in his message
known as the “Fourteen Points”
 fourteenth point was the creation of a League
of Nations
Issues:
Purpose:
 international peace organization
 to provide a place where countries could
peacefully discuss solutions to their differences
rather than go to war





enemy and neutral nations initially excluded
Germany and Russia excluded
the United States did not join the League
without any means to enforce its decisions
proved powerless to stop the onset of a second world war
Reaction to Treaty
Germany:
Bitterness and hatred at costs of reparations
Africans & Asians:
Angered at lack of independence
Italy & Japan:
Disappointment at lack of territory gained
Analyze the destabilization of Europe in the collapse of the great empires; include the Romanov and
Hapsburg dynasties.
Destabilization of Europe
Description:
 European monarchies being replaced with
democratic governments
Romanov Dynasty
Russian Decline:
 Russia lagged behind much of the rest of Europe
 technology was not as advanced, and it lacked
modern industrialization
 not prepared for war
 the nation was poor
 many peasants were starving
 the fighting only sapped more money and food
away from Russia’s citizens to support the war
effort
 millions of Russians, both soldiers and civilians,
suffered and died
 people of all classes began calling for change in
the Russian government
Hapsburg Dynasty
Austrian Decline:
 ruled much of Europe since the tenth century
 defeat of Germany and Austria-Hungary
 fell from power with a Revolution
Examples:
 Germany with the creation of the Weimar
Republic
 Russia, Austria, Spain
The Russian Revolution:
 in 1917
 began as strikes among the lower working classes
 Czar Nicholas II ordered troops to put down the
uprisings
 many of his soldiers switched sides and joined
the rebellious crowds
 on March 12, Nicholas II abdicated his throne
Outcome:
 replaced with a democratic government
 Several nations will develop as a result to include
Austria, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, and
Yugoslavia
Spain:
 will continue to rule until 1931
 economic crisis that will engulf the world after World War I will aid in the fall of the Spanish Hapsburg’s
 will be replaced with an elective government
Impact
Political and economic instability during the postwar years, combined with the resentment felt by the
German people towards the Treaty of Versailles, eventually led Europe back into war within just a few years.