Download The wave that shook the world

Name ___________________________________ Class _____________
INSTRUCTIONS:
Date __________
Use the interactive activities at the following website to answer the questions.
www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/tsunami
ANATOMY OF A TSUNAMI
EPICENTER
(Watch both videos as instructed)
1. Where was the epicenter for the wave that shook the world? ____________________________
2. What is the nearest trench? ______________________________________________________
3. The earthquake had a magnitude of __________ on the Richter Scale.
4. How much energy was estimated to result from the quake? _____________________________
5. How much does the Indian Plate subduct the Burma Plate each year? _____________________
6. On Dec. 26, 2004 the plates snapped and shifted as much as _____________________________
7. Approximately how much seabed shifted during the 4 minute quake? ________________________
8. How big were the waves at generation? _______________________________________________
9. What is the depth of the ocean in this region? __________________________________________
OPEN OCEAN
(Watch video, replay as needed)
1. The most powerful waves headed ______________ toward Sumatra & Thailand and
____________ toward Sri Lanka & India.
2. How fast did the waves travel? _____________________________________________
3. True / False Much of the seismic energy of the wave was lost due to gravity and friction.
4. Would this tsunami be noticed if you were in a boat in the open ocean? ________________
5. What was the wavelength (distance from crest to crest) of the tsunami? _______________
COLLISION
IMAGE 1
1. The shallower the water the _________ the waves travel & the ___________ they rise.
2. How high were the waves at Banda Aceh, Sumatra? _________________________
IMAGE 2
1. Why did the water dramatically recede as the tsunami reached the coast?
VIDEO 1
1. True / False Wind generated surf waves quickly lose energy and roll back out to sea.
2 a. Describe the appearance of a tsunami as it is coming ashore
b. How does it sound? _____________________________________________________
3. How far did water travel inland in Northern Sumatra? _____________________________
4. How does seafloor topography affect the impact of a tsunami?
VIDEO 2
1. What is meant by the wrap-around effect experienced in Sri Lanka?
WAVE HEIGHT
1. Waves near the epicenter peaked at ________ m (________ ft).
2. Shallow coastal waters my have seen waves _________ m (__________ ft).
TRAVEL TIME
1. How long did it take the tsunami to reach E. Africa, 3000 mi. away? __________________
ONCE & FUTURE TSUNAMIS
3.5 BILLION YEARS AGO
1. Describe what happened as evidenced in rock found in Australia and South Africa?
1645 BC
1. Name the volcanic island that erupted in 1645 BC. ________________________________
2. What civilization is believed to have collapsed due to this tsunami? ___________________
JAN 26, 1700
1. What evidence has been uncovered to support a massive earthquake in Western U.S.?
2. The tsunami created reached as far as ____________, _____________, & ____________.
3. How many quakes have occurred along the Cascadian fault in 3500 years? ____________
4. It has been __________ years since the last quake.
AUGUST 27, 1883
1. The small island of ____________ erupted and collapsed in 1883 killing ________ people.
2. How long had it been dormant? ________________________
3. The waves were more than _______ feet high and carried __________ ton blocks of coral.
APRIL 1, 1946
1. True / False Recent seafloor studies support the theory that an underwater earthquake
caused the tsunami off the Alaskan coast in April 1946.
2. Waves generated near Alaska struck Hawaii with heights of _____________ feet.
3. How long did it take the waves to reach Hawaii? _________________________________
4. Some local surges rose to _____________ feet.
JULY 9, 1958
1. What caused the wave in Lituya Bay, Alaska? _________________________________
2. How high was the wave? _____________________ feet
3. How many tons of rock fell? _________________________________________________
MAY 22, 1960
1. The largest earthquake ever recorded was ____________ on the Richter Scale (Chile).
2. How far away was Japan from the epicenter? _____________________________
3. How many people in Japan died as a result of this tsunami? __________________
4. What 2 important lessons were learned from this event?
5. What is the Pacific Tsunami Warning Center?
DEC 26, 2004
1. What was the magnitude of the earthquake? ______________________
2. How far below the surface of the Indian Ocean was the quake? _____________________
3. How many people were killed? ____________________________________________
FUTURE
1. Where do scientists believe a huge landslide may occur? _________________________
2. How much rock would fall into the Atlantic O.? _______________________________
3. The wave generated could ___________________________________________________
4. A similar tsunami may have been created ____________________ years ago.