Download Name: Period:______ Date:_____ Biology Spring Final 2016 The

Name:__________________________________ Period:______ Date:_____
Biology Spring Final 2016
1. The scientist often referred to as the Father of Genetics is
a. Albert Einstein
b. Robert Hooke
c. Louis Pasteur
d. Gregor Mendel
2. A heterozygous individual would have the genotype
a. Hh
b. hh
c. HH
d. HHHH
3. In pea plants, yellow is dominant over green. In a cross between one plant that is heterozygous and one
plant that is homozygous green the expected results would be:
a. 25% green and 75% yellow
c. 25% green and 25% yellow
b. 50% green and 50% yellow
d. 25% yellow and 75% green
4. Offspring that result from crossing two purebred (truebred) parents with different traits
a. Are purebred (truebred)
c. Are called homozygous
b. Make up the F2 generation
d. Are called hybrids
5. The chemical factors that determine traits are called
a. Alleles
b. Traits
c. Genes
d. Characters
6. A human with the genotype XY is
a. A male
b. A female
c. A hermaphrodite
d. A dwarf
7. A genetic disorder that results in a person with very pale skin tone and white hair is called
a. Albinism
c. Cystic Fibrosis
b. Tay-Sachs
d. Down Syndrome
8. Three or more alleles for a particular gene is said to be
a. Polygenic alleles
b. Codominance alleles
c. Multiple alleles
d. Mixed alleles
9. A cross of a red cow (RR) with a white bull (WW) produces all roan (RW) offspring. This type of
inheritance is called
a. Incomplete dominance
c. Polygenic traits
b. Codominance
d. Multiple alleles
10. Autosomal disorders differ from X-linked disorders because:
a. One deals with somatic cells and the other deals with gametes
b. One occurs on sex chromosomes and the other on autosomes
c. One is dominant and one is recessive
d. One happens in males only
Name:__________________________________ Period:______ Date:_____
Biology Spring Final 2016
11. According to Darwin’s theory of natural selection, individuals who survive are the ones best adapted for
their environment. Their survival is due to the
a. Possession of adaptations developed through use or disuse
b. Lack of competition within the species
c. Choices made by plant and animal breeders.
d. Possession of inherited adaptations that maximize fitness
12. When lions prey on a herd of antelopes, some antelopes are killed and some escape. Which of these
phrases describe this aspect of natural selection?
a. Acquired characteristics
c. Survival of the fittest
b. Reproductive isolation
d. Right Store, Right Price
13. Darwin’s theory of evolution suggests that
a. Species change over time
b. Extinct species are not related to living species
c. Different species can interbreed
d. Animals that look alike are most closely related
14. A change in a sequence of DNA is called a
a. Recombination
b. Polygenic trait
c. Single-gene trait
d. Mutation
15. When one “extreme” version of a phenotype is favored in a population, _________ occurs.
a. Directional selection
c. Disruptive selection
b. Stabilizing selection
d. Genetic drift
16. The separation of populations by barriers such as rivers, mountains, and bodies of water is called
a. Temporal isolation
c. Behavioral isolation
b. Geographical isolation
d. Genetic equilibrium
17. Examples of fossils include preserved
a. Eggs
b. Footprints
c. Body parts
d. All of the above
18. Miller and Urey’s experiments attempted to demonstrate
a. How Earth first formed
b. That organic molecules such as amino acids could form from inorganic molecules
c. Whether DNA or RNA evolved first
d. How the deepest part of Earth formed
19. The endosymbiont theory proposes that eukaryotic cells arose from
a. An alligator
b. Other eukaryotes
c. One prokaryote being engulfed by another prokaryote
d. Communities formed by eukaryotes
Name:__________________________________ Period:______ Date:_____
Biology Spring Final 2016
20. When comparing the evolutionary relationships between four species of birds, scientists would most
likely study:
a. Color of feathers
c. DNA
b. Nesting behaviors
d. Patterns of migration
21. Solely from its name, you know that Rhizopus nigricans must be _______.
a. A plant
c. In the genus nigricans
b. An animal
d. In the genus Rhizopus
22. Which of the following is not one of the 6 kingdoms of classification?
a. Plantae
c. Mammalian
b. Archaebacteria
d. Fungi
23. The first scientist to classify living things into two main groups was ___.
a. Aristotle
c. Brown
b. Hooke
d. Linneaeus
24. The smallest and most specific group classification level is _______.
a. Genus
c. Phylum
b. Species
d. Kingdom
25. Of the following, Felis leo is most closely related to _______.
a. Rana pipiens
c. Felis domesticus
b. Xenopus laevis
d. Homo sapiens
26. Which taxa are included in the three domain naming system?
a. Archaebacteria, eubacteria, protists
b. Animalia, plantae, fungi
c. None of the above
d. Eukaryea, archaea, bacteria
27. Homeostasis is maintained primarily via __________________ feedback mechanism.
a. Positive
c. Neutral
b. Negative
d. Zero
28. The two body systems that regulate homeostasis are the:
a. Cardiovascular and respiratory systems
b. Cardiovascular and endocrine systems
c. Nervous and cardiovascular systems
d. Nervous and endocrine systems
29. Which of the following is an example of a positive feedback loop?
a. A neuron is stimulated, thus opening membrane channels to allow sodium ions to leak from the
extracellular fluid to the intracellular fluid. This causes more membrane channels to open, thus
allowing more sodium ions to enter the intracellular fluid.
b. Baroreceptors notify the brain that the blood pressure has increased. The brain then notifies the
blood vessels to dilate, thus lowering the blood pressure.
c. Low levels of glucose in the blood cause the pancreas to release less insulin (a hormone that
lowers blood glucose).
d. Elevated body temperature is sensed by cells in the brain. As a result, sweat is produced, and
heat is lost as the water in the sweat evaporates.
Name:__________________________________ Period:______ Date:_____
Biology Spring Final 2016
30. You are eating a hot fudge sundae. The pleasant taste information is sensed by your taste buds, which
notify your brain. Your brain releases endorphins, which make you feel very good. You now associate
the good feeling with hot fudge sundaes, so you eat another hot fudge sundae. Now you feel even better.
Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding this scenario?
a. This is a positive feedback loop because the results make you feel good.
b. This is a negative feedback loop because you were doing something bad for your health in the
first place, and the result makes the situation worse.
c. This is a positive feedback loop because the stimulus (eating a hot fudge sundae) and the effect
(eating another hot fudge sundae) are the same.
d. This is a negative feedback loop because the stimulus (eating a hot fudge sundae) and the effect
(eating another hot fudge sundae) are the same.
31. Which of the following includes a plant embryo, a food supply, and a protective covering?
a. seed
c. spore
b. pollen grain
d. gametophyte
32. Many gymnosperms have reproductive structures called ______.
a. angiosperms
c. flowers
b. cones
d. spores
33. In vascular plants, ____ carries water and ____ carries nutrients.
a. xylem; phloem
c. phloem; chloroplasts
b. veins; arteries
d. xylem; chloroplasts
34. Plant cells have a cell wall composed of _____.
a. chitin
b. cellulite
c. cellulose
d. peptidoglycan
35. The first plants evolved from ____.
a. mosses
b. photosynthetic prokaryotes
c. an organism similar to green algae
d. a protist that lived on land
36. Parallel veins in a leaf would indicate that a plant is a(n) _____.
a. monocot
c. dicot
b. biennial
d. perennial
37. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of all plants?
a. multicellular
b. produce seeds
c. eukaryotic
d. have cell walls
38. To prevent water loss during gas exchange, guard cells close the _____ on the underside of a leaf.
a. xylem
c. stomata
b. phloem
d. cambium
e.
39. The organ system that functions as the body’s first line of defense is the —
a. Immune system
c. Nervous system
b. Respiratory system
d. Integumentary system
Name:__________________________________ Period:______ Date:_____
Biology Spring Final 2016
40. Which of the following statements describes an interaction between the nervous and excretory systems?
a. The production of insulin to control sugar levels
b. Eyes squinting or dilating in response to light
c. Less urine production to prevent dehydration
d. Goosebumps produced in response to cold temperatures
41. Bone, cartilage, and blood are made of cells spread through an extracellular fluid. They are found
throughout the body and because of their structure, they are categorized as connective tissue. Which of
the following is NOT a function of connective tissue.
a. Transports oxygen
c. Framework for body
b. Protection of organs
d. Hormone regulation
42. Plants and animals each have a form of circulation. Plants need nutrients and CO2 delivered to each of
their cells. Animals need nutrients and O2 delivered to each of their cells. Based on this information,
choose the best analogy.
a. Arteries and veins : animals :: xylem and phloem : plants
b. Heart : animals :: sun : plants
c. Heart and lungs : animals : : roots and leaves : plants
d. Stomach : animals :: flowers : plants
43. A scientist wants to conduct an experiment to determine which organisms might be found in a particular
biological system. Which of the following is a good question that could be investigated?
a. How do the environmental factors of a population affect the adaptations seen in the ecosystems?
b. How do the environmental factors of an ecosystem affect the adaptations seen in the
communities?
c. How do the environmental factors of a population affect the adaptations seen in the
communities?
d. How do the environmental factors of communities affect the adaptations seen in the ecosystems?
44. Commensalistic interactions between species are rare. Which of the following is an example of this type
of symbiotic relationship?
a. Barnacles attached to a whale
c. A bee and a buttercup flower
b. Intestinal worms in a dog
d. The roots of two neighboring cacti
45. Some species of fungi, protists, and bacteria play a vital role in every biogeochemical cycle, including
the carbon and nitrogen cycles. Which BEST identifies their common role?
a. Producer
c. Carnivore
b. Herbivore
d. Decomposer
46. Usually, energy pyramids show that higher trophic levels tend to be made up of a smaller number of
individuals. In which of the following examples is the higher trophic level made up of a greater number
of individuals?
a. Lions preying on a heard of gazelle
c. Prairie dogs feeding on grasses
b. Insects feeding on an oak tree
d. Dolphins feeding on smaller fish
47. A dog walks around a neighborhood marking its territory. What type of behavior is the dog exhibiting?
a. Predation
c. Territorial display
b. Flight or fight
d. Commensalism
Name:__________________________________ Period:______ Date:_____
Biology Spring Final 2016
48. Which statement describes the first step of ecological development in a lake ecosystem?
a. Reed plants attract dragonflies and mayflies.
b. Frogs and snakes arrive after emergent plants are established.
c. Climax trees such as ash and beech appear and eventually dominate the area.
d. Microscopic producers such as bluegreen algae and phytoplankton live on the lake surface.
49. The point at which a population in an ecosystem stops growing in response to density dependent and
density independent factors is called —
a. Carrying capacity
b. Exponential growth
c. Ecological succession
d. Homeostasis
50. Bacteria living in the soil and on the roots of some plants are important in the cycling of which essential
element in an ecosystem?
a. Nitrogen
b. Carbon
c. Phosphorous
d. Oxygen