Download Name: Date:______ Period:_____ Chapter 19 Honors Study Guide

Name:___________________ Date:__________ Period:_____
Chapter 19 Honors Study Guide
1. What is a reference point?
The starting point you use to describe the motion or
the position of an object
2. What is acceleration? Negative acceleration?
The measure of how quickly the velocity of an
object changes; when an object’s initial velocity is
greater than its final velocity
3. Define speed?
The distance an object moves divided by the time
it took to move that distance
4. What is the difference between displacement and
distance?
Displacement is the distance between your initial,
or starting, position and your final position. The
distance is the total length of the path you travel.
Displacement will never change but your distance
can.
5. What is velocity? And how is it usually represented?
The speed and direction of an object’s motion; m/s
+ a direction
6. What is motion?
Is the process of changing position
7. What is needed to describe velocity?
Speed and direction
8. On a displacement-time graph, how is an object
that is not moving represented?
A horizontal line
9. On a speed-time graph, how is an object that is
slowing down represented?
A line slanting down
10.
What is found on the x and y axis on a speed
time graph?
X axis-time, y-axis-speed
11.
What is a contact force? Give an example.
A push or a pull applied by one object to another
object that is touching it. Examples: Holding a
pencil, kneading dough, elastic forces
12.
What is a non-contact force? Give an
example.
A force that pushes or pulls an object without
touching it. Examples: static electricity, magnetic
forces, gravity
13.
What is friction?
A contact force that resists the sliding motion
between two objects that are touching. The force
of friction acts in the opposite direction of the
motion.
14.
What is gravity?
A noncontact attractive force that exists between
all objects that have mass
15.
What is the difference between balanced
and unbalanced forces?
Balanced forces have a net force of 0 N and
unbalanced forces have a net force that is not 0.
16.
The force of gravity depends on what two
things?
The masses of the objects and the distances
between them
17.
If team A is pulling on a rope at 150 N to the
left, and team B is pulling on a rope at 120 N to the
right, what is the net force on the rope?
30 N to the left
18.
What is a net force?
The sum of all the forces acting on an object
19.
What is a force?
A push or a pull
20.
What are the proper units for:
-acceleration? ___m/s2_______
-velocity? ___m/s + direction
- speed? _________m/s________
Essays
1. A pitcher releases a fastball that moves toward
home plate. Other than the force exerted by the
pitcher, what are two forces that act on the ball as
it travels between the pitcher and home plate?
How does each of these forces change the ball’s
motion? Classify the forces acting on the ball as
balanced or unbalanced.
Two forces that act on the ball as it moves through
the air are gravity and friction. Gravity causes the
ball to move downward toward Earth. Friction
causes the ball’s motion to get slower the farther it
moves through the air. Because the ball’s velocity
is changing as it moves, it can be determined that
the forces acting on the ball are unbalanced.
2.
Explain the polar bear’s motion at parts A, B, C, and D
on the graph.
In part A the polar bear is at rest. From hours 3-7 (Part
B), the polar bear is speeding up. In part C (hours 7-11)
the polar bear is traveling at a constant speed. In part
D (hours 11-15) the line slanting down is showing that
the polar bear is slowing down.