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Name ________________________________________________________________________ Period ______ U.S. History: Civil War Activity Use your notes and (or) your textbook, pages 454-549, to answer all the questions and complete the activities. 1. In the early 1800s, the Northern economy began to develop more ________________________________________ and ___________________________________________. 2. In the early 1800s, the Southern economy relied on ______________________________________________. 3. The Compromise of 1850, another in a series of compromises between free and slave states. It had two parts: To please the North: ______________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ To please the South: ______________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ 4. List the three parts of the fugitive slave act. 1) _____________________________________________________________________________________ 2) _____________________________________________________________________________________ 3) _____________________________________________________________________________________ 5. How was the federal commissioner paid for each case he ruled on? (What were the two different ways?) _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ 6. What was the name of the novel that Harriet Beecher Stowe’s anger about slavery motivated her to write? _______________________________________________________________________________________ 7. Define popular sovereignty. _________________________________________________________________ 8. What did the Kansas-Nebraska act do to the territory of Nebraska? __________________________________ 9. The Kansas-Nebraska act turned Kansas into ___________________________________________________. 10. Name the extreme abolitionist who avenged the Sack of Lawrence by murdering five proslavery neighbors? ______________________________________________________________________________________ Free and Slave State and Territories, 1820-1854 You must only use colored pencils. Complete the Key below. Color all three maps with the same color scheme. Free States Slave states Territory closed to slavery Territory open to slavery Missouri Compromise (1820-1821) Compromise of 1850 Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854) 11. Who was Dred Scott? _____________________________________________________________________ What did his owner do? ___________________________________________________________________ After his owner’s death, what did Dred Scott do? _______________________________________________ What court heard Dred Scott’s case? _________________________________________________________ 12. The Dred Scott decision said: about Scott and citizenship: ________________________________________________________________ about Congress and slavery: _______________________________________________________________ 13. What did John Brown plan to capture as part of his plan to inspire slaves to fight for their freedom? _______________________________________________________________________________________ 14. After Lincoln’s election in 1860, what was the first state to secede? ________________________________ 15. In February 1861, the seven states that seceded formed their own country called the: _______________________________________________________________________________________ 16. Who did the “Southern” states name as their first president? ______________________________________ 17. What was the first battle of the Civil War? ____________________________________________________ 18. What was the population of the North when the war started? ______________________________________ 19. What was the population of the South when the war started? ______________________________________ What was the population of slaves in the South when the war started? ______________________________ 20. List the percentages for the following: Manufacturing Plants: North _______________________________ South _____________________________ Railroad Mileage: North _______________________________ South ____________________________ 21. Define Border States. _____________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ 22. List the original four Border States. 1) _______________________________________ 2) _______________________________________ 3) _______________________________________ 3) _______________________________________ 23. Federal troops helped a group of counties break away and form the state of? _________________________ 24. How many states made up: The Union?___________________ The Confederacy?_____________________ 25. What crop was the most important to the Southern economy? _____________________________________ 26. What was the name of General Winfield Scott’s strategy to smother the South’s economy? _______________________________________________________________________________________ 27. Define blockade._________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ 28. What was the significance of the First Battle of Bull Run? South thought: __________________________________________________________________________ North realized: __________________________________________________________________________ 29. Define Ironclads. ________________________________________________________________________ 30. Name the two ships that fought in the first ironclad battle. __________________ and __________________ 31. What was the name of the structure from where the captain steered the ironclad? ______________________ 32. Which side won the Battle of Shiloh? ________________________________________________________ 33. What was the first battle in the North during the war? ___________________________________________ 34. What was the executive order, which promised to free all slaves in the Confederate territory, issued by President Lincoln on January 1, 1863? _______________________________________________________________________________________ 35. By the end of the war, about how many black soldiers fought for the Union? _________________________ 36. What was one of the first African-American regiments organized in the North that insisted on fighting without pay rather than accepting lower pay than white soldiers? _______________________________________________________________________________________ 37. Define Copperheads. _____________________________________________________________________ 38. Define Conscription. _____________________________________________________________________ 39. Name the women called “the angel of the battlefield.” who would later found the American Red Cross _______________________________________________________________________________________ 40. How long did the Battle of Gettysburg last? ___________________________________________________ 41. What was the famous southern attack at the middle of the Union line? ______________________________ 42. Which side won the Battle of Gettysburg? ____________________________________________________ 43. Why was President Lincoln furious after the Union victory at the Battle of Gettysburg? __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ 44. What was the last Confederate stronghold on the Mississippi River? ________________________________ 45. Which Union general won the battle that gave the North complete control over the Mississippi River? _______________________________________________________________________________________ 46. Which Union general led a march to the sea through Georgia, from Atlanta to Savannah, that cut a path of destruction up to 60 miles wide and 300 miles long? _______________________________________________________________________________________ 47. Where did General Lee and General Grant meet to arrange the surrender that basically ended the Civil War? _______________________________________________________________________________________ 48. The Civil war was fought from the year (started)________________ to the year (ended)________________. 49. What did the thirteenth Amendment do? ______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ 50. Who assassinated President Lincoln at Ford’s Theater? __________________________________________ 51. Define Reconstruction. ___________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ 52. Define black codes. ______________________________________________________________________ 53. What did the fourteenth Amendment state? ____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ 54. Under the Reconstruction act of 1867, what two things did the Southern states have to do before they could reenter the Union? 1) _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ 2) _____________________________________________________________________________________ 55. Define carpetbaggers. ____________________________________________________________________ 56. Describe the sharecropping system.__________________________________________________________ What did the landowner provide? ___________________________________________________________ When harvest time came, what did the sharecropper do? _________________________________________ How did sharecropping benefit families without land? ___________________________________________ How did sharecropping benefit landowners? ___________________________________________________ 57. What did the fifteenth Amendment state? _____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ The States Choose Sides, 1861 1. Label each state with its name. Do not use abbreviations. 2. Complete the key below with your color choices and color the map (each area a different color). *You must only use colored pencils.* Union state Confederate state Border state not seceding Territories Critical Thinking and Inference Questions: Use your knowledge, your understanding of cause and effect and your ability to make inferences to answer the following questions. Answer with complete sentences! Write complete, full sentences to answer each of the following questions. Make sure that each sentence is a whole, complete thought that can stand alone. Make sure that your sentence starts with a capital letter and ends with the proper punctuation. *Use all the lines provided to answer the following questions. You must use every line for each question.* 58. Where did Abraham Lincoln and Stephen A. Douglas each stand on slavery? ________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ 59. How did Southerners justify secession? ______________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ 60. What advantages did the North have at the beginning of the war? __________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ 61. Why did so many people volunteer to fight in the Civil War? _____________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ 62. How did black soldiers aid the war effort? ____________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ *Use all the lines provided to answer the following questions. You must use every line for each question.* 63. How did Sherman’s march help the Union? ___________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ 64. How was the Thirteenth Amendment different from the Emancipation Proclamation? __________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ 65. Who were scalawags and carpetbaggers? _____________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ 66. How did sharecropping create a cycle of poverty? ______________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ 67. Why did the Fifteenth Amendment arouse anger in many women? _________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________