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Comparing Systems of Government Features Articles of Confederation Who Wrote It 2nd Continental Congress Committee of 13 Who Ratified It It took ALL 13 states’ approval before it took affect Conflict of western land Delays in claims (Maryland last to Ratification ratify b/c this) Type of Government Created Confederation—loose union of states Type of Congress Confederation Congress w/limited powers Each state had only 1 vote in a unicameral Congress (unicameral=1 US Constitution Constitutional Convention James Madison 9 of 13 states’ approval needed for it to take affect (eventually all 13 approved it) Addition of a Bill of Rights Antifederalists thought national government too strong RI=last; NC=2nd to the last Democratic Republic Democracy=people’s rule Republic=representative government Federalism=power shared by federal, state, and local gov’ts Bicameral Congress with a Senate (upper house) and House of Representative (lower House) house) Title of Chief Executive Powers Given to the National Government Had no real chief executive (President of the Confederation Congress) Make coins & borrow money Negotiate & make foreign treaties Settle conflicts with Native Americans Maintain a military President Federal law supersedes (takes precedent/overrules) state law Legislative=makes laws Executive=enforces/carries out laws Judicial=interpret the laws Settle disputes between the states Powers Given to the State Government Problems with Government Problems Creating Government Pretty much anything not listed above Enumerated powers=anything not specifically given to the national government belongs to the states Concurrent powers=powers shared by both national and state governments Could not regulate Do NOT have to worry about this trade between the box states *Government has been Difficulty enforcing functioning for 221 years under treaties current constitution with only 17 Couldn’t force states to changes* (will explain in class) provide money (and for some this is a matter of No court system opinion) Do NOT have to worry Representation of SMALL v. LARGE about this box states nd 2 CC had to create Representation of slaveholding gov’t after declaring states (how to count slaves in the independence and did population which determined not want a gov’t that number of rep. in House of Rep. was anything like Britain’s