Download Chapter 18 Test/Cold War Conflicts (1945

Chapter 18
Study Guide
1. The indirect but hostile conflicts between the United States and the Soviet Union that began at
the end of World War II, was known as the ____________________________.
2. After World War 2 the Soviet Union wanted to control Eastern European countries but the
United States wanted them to:
3. Why did Joseph Stalin install communist governments in Eastern European countries right after
World War 2?
4 What were some examples of satellite nations?
5. Former British Prime Minister Winston Churchill stated in a speech that the Eastern European
countries that were controlled by the Soviet Union were behind the:
6. The United States’ policy towards communism developed by George Kennan was called:
7. The main goal of the Truman Doctrine was to:
8. Which two countries first benefited from the Truman Doctrine?
9. George Marshall, Secretary of State and creator of the Marshall Plan, was originally from:
10. In order to receive funding from the Marshall Plan, countries had to agree to:
11. The Marshall Plan helped prevent the spread of communism into Western Europe by providing
them with:
12. In response to the Soviet Union’s three former World War 2 allies combining zones to reunify
Germany, the Soviet Union:
13. Expain the Berlin airlift?
14. The United States, Canada, and ten Western European nations that created NATO promised to:
15. When the United States joined NATO it marked the end of U.S.:
16. When West Germany was allowed to rearm and join NATO, the Soviet Union responded by
creating the:
17. What happened in China that made Americans even more worried about communism?
18. After the civil war in China was over, who did the United States recognize as the real government of
China?
19. The purpose of President Truman’s ________________________________________was to
investigate government employees and dismiss those who were found to be disloyal.
20. Individuals investigated by the Loyalty Review Board were ___________________ see the
evidence against them.
21. After World War 2 who began to investigate Communist influence in the movie industry in
Hollywood, California?
22. Who refused to cooperate with HUAC and as punishment were sent to prison?
23. If an individual, like Gordon Kahn, was blacklisted: What does that mean?
24. The McCarran Act made it illegal to plan any action that might lead to:
25. Who was accused of passing information to a communist spy but was ultimately convicted of
perjury and sent to jail?
26. The investigation of Alger Hiss became known as the:
27. Charges that Americans had given Soviet scientists help in building the atomic bomb
led to the arrest and controversial execution of:
28. ____________________________________became the first Americans ever executed for
espionage.
29. Although he never provided any evidence, who claimed to have personal knowledge
of Communists working in the government and later in the U.S. Army?
30. Senator Joseph McCarthy lost his power and influence when:
31. Making unsupported charges without evidence and disregard for the basic rights of the accused is
known as:
32. Americans tried to root out communism in the 1950s, they were willing to
compromise their own _____________________________in order to do so
33. Why did Kim Il Sung believe he could defeat South Korea without drawing the United States into
the war?
34. What is the #1 reason the United States originally got involved in the Korean War?
35. How did the United Nations respond to the fighting in Korea?
36. Why didn’t the Soviet Union veto the American resolution to aid South Korea?
37. After General MacArthur recaptured Seoul and pushed the North Koreans back past the 38th
parallel, what did the United Nations give him permission to do?
38. Why did China enter the Korean War?
39. After China got involved in the Korean War, who wanted to return to containment and fight a
limited war?
40. President Truman fired General Douglas MacArthur and replaced him with General Matthew
Ridgway for:
41. What did the United States achieve in the Korean War?
42. Korea is still divided into two nations today, communist __________Korea and democratic
____________Korea.
43. During President Dwight Eisenhower's administration, the government's new policy to liberate
nations under communist rule was called:
44. In 1949 what country became the second nation in the world to successfully explode an atomibomb,
which increased Americans’ fears of a nuclear war?
45. During the 1950s there was a nuclear arms race between who?
46. Which of the following was the first nation to explode a hydrogen bomb, or H-bomb?
47. In order to survive an H-bomb attack in the 1950s: What did some families and schools do?
48. Who became the new leader of the Soviet Union after Joseph Stalin’s death?
49. The Geneva Summit led to what between the United States and the Soviet Union.
50. The Eisenhower Doctrine was a warning to the Soviet Union against military intervention in:
51. What country’s revolt against the Soviet Union was unsuccessful because it did not receive any
military aid from the United States or other free countries?
52. Name a direct result of the Soviet Union’s successful launching of Sputnik?
53. What did the U-2 incident involve?
54. President Eisenhower explained in a speech to the Americans that spying on the Soviet Union was
essential so that:
55. By the end of the 1950s tensions between the two superpowers had ____________________.