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Name: _______________ Block: _______________ Date: _______________ Biology 11 Unit Test Part 1- Cells A. State any two of the four parts of the cell theory (4 points): 1. ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ 2. ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ B. Label the cell diagrams (8 points) A G M K (points) C O B F N D A. ______________________ (with dots) B. ______________________ (digestion) C. ______________________ (packaging) D. ______________________ (energy) E. ______________________ F. ______________________ (jelly) G. ______________________ (dots) H. ______________________ (photosynthesis) P. Q. L E I. ______________________ J. ______________________ K. ______________________ (envelope) L. ______________________ M. ______________________ N. ______________________ (without dots) O. centrioles The cell on the left is a(n) _______________ cell. The cell on the right is a(n) _______________ cell. C. Fill in the blank with the appropriate term. (10 points) 1. ______________________ is the location of protein synthesis. 2. ______________________ NOT a system of canals these also help transport of materials in the cell. 3. _____________________These contain grana and are the site of Photosynthesis. 4. ______________________ are used to digest food and kill foreign substances brought in during phagocytosis. These small sac like structures are found only in ________________________ cells. 5. The ____________________ is a system of canals enclosed by membranes. They serve as a path for the transport of materials through the cell. 6. ______________________ made of cellulose this provides structure and rigidity to ______________________ cells. 7. ______________________ are stacked membranes forming flattened sacs, and serve as processing, packaging and storage for materials (like proteins) which will be secreted from the cell. 8. The ____________________ is a system of canals enclosed by membranes. They serve as a path for the transport of materials through the cell. This one specifically, also contains the sites for protein synthesis. D. Identify the appropriate parts. a - ____________________ b - ____________________ c - ____________________ f - ____________________ g - ____________________ h - ____________________ i - ____________________ j - ____________________ (4 points) Part 2- Cellular Transport A. Fill in the blank with the MOST PRECISE term. (10 points) 1. ____________________ occurs when particles are diffused across a selectively permeable membrane with the help of a channel protein without expending energy. 2. ____________________ is the diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of high water concentration to an area of lower water concentration. 3. ____________________ occurs when liquid droplets, sometimes containing small particles are engulfed by a cell by forming a vesicle. 4. ____________________ is the solution inside the cell when it is placed in distilled water. 5. Water molecules move into a cell, through a semi-permeable membrane, when the cell is placed into a solution that is a. hypertonic b. hypotonic c. isotonic d. supertonic 6. If the concentration of water and solutes is equal on both sides of a membrane, a. osmosis will not occur b. water will move into the region of lower fluid volume c. osmosis will occur in both directions equally d. only the solutes will move through the membrane 7. The movement of glucose from regions of low concentration in the intestine to regions of high concentration in the blood must be accomplished by the use of a. cosmosis b. diffusion c. energy d. exocytosis 8. What process is involved when a white blood cell engulfs a bacterium and contains it within a vacuole? a. exocytosis b. endocytosis c. diffusion d. osmosis 9. What process is involved when the remaining indigestible food residue in the vacuole leaves the cell as the vacuole disappears by combining with the cell membrane? a. exocytosis b. endocytosis c. diffusion d. osmosis 10. The process of engulfing a liquid droplet is called: a. exocytosis b. pinocytosis c. phagocytosis d. osmosis B. Using the information provided below, draw a diagram that shows the movement of the materials across the cell membrane. All materials, except starch and protein, are permeable. Use arrows (->) to show the initial direction of movement. A cell containing water, carbon dioxide (C), glucose (G), and proteins (P) is placed into a beaker containing water (W), oxygen (O), iodine (I) and starch (S). (4 points) http://www.chemistry.eku.edu/GODBEY/Homepage_files/CHE_112_Lab_Manual/Equipm ent/Beaker.gif Part 3- Organic nutrients A. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate term. (5 points) 1. The four organic compounds are created using the process of _________________________. 2. DNA and RNA are examples of nucleic acids, their base unit or unit of structure is, _________________________. 3. ____________________ is an example of a disaccharide, and ____________________ is an example of a polysaccharide. 4. There are two types of lipids _________________________ & ______________________. What defines one from the other is the number of ________________________. 5. The product of photosynthesis and an essential component of cellular respiration is ____________________. This is an example of a (n) _____________________________. (polysaccharide, disaccharide, or monosaccharide). 6. Life on earth is known as ______________________ based because all living things contain this substance. B. Complete the table below (10 points): Organic compound Carbohydrates Lipids Structure Function Source 1. ____________ ____________ _______________________ _______________________ _______________________ _______________________ _______________________ _______________________ 1. _________________________ 1. ____________ ____________ _______________________ _______________________ _______________________ _______________________ _______________________ _______________________ 1. _________________________ _______________________ _______________________ _______________________ _______________________ _______________________ _______________________ 1. _________________________ (base units) 2. ____________ ____________ Proteins 1. ____________ ____________ 2. ________________________ 2. ________________________ 2. ________________________ Part 4- Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration A. Multiple Choice- Circle the best answer. (10 points) 1. Cellular respiration takes place in the a.Golgi bodies b.ribosomes c.mitochondria d.vacuoles 2. When ADP changes to ATP a. there is an decrease in the number of high energy bonds in the molecule b. there is an increase in the number of phosphate groups in the molecule c. phosphorylation has taken place d. b and c 3. During cellular respiration, the energy stored in the chemical bonds of the glucose molecule is used to form a. ADP b. PGAL c. ATP d. NADH2 4. Which of the following is true of carbohydrates? a. They are an end product of photosynthesis and a fuel in cellular respiration. b. They are a fuel of photosynthesis and an end product in cellular respiration. c. They are fuel for both reactions. d. They carry electrons in both reactions. 5. The cellular organelle in which the Kreb's cycle operates is the a .nucleus b. mitochondrion c. cell membrane d. chloroplast 6. Electron transport occurs in a. mitochondria b. the nucleus c. respiration e. golgi body d. the cytoplasm 7. During the transition phase pyruvates break down into acetyl acid, where does this occur? a. cytoplasm b. chloroplast c. mitochondria d. the plasma membrane. 8. The energy from the sun is absorbed by ______________ , becomes energized and enables the beginning of photosynthesis. a. H20 b. gel c. chlorophyll d. glucose 9. The products of photosynthesis are the _________________ for cellular respiration. a. synthesis b. reactants c. end d. formulas 10. This molecule serves as a carrier for Hydrogen during cellular respiration. a. NADP b. FAD c. MAD d. PGAL B. Use the list of terms below to complete the diagram. Place the letter from the term in the corresponding blank below the diagram. (8pts) a. 2 acetyl coA b. 2 PGAL d. ATP e. Calvin Cycle/dark reactions g. chloroplast h. electron transport chain j. glycolysis k. Kreb’s Cycle m. light reactions/ photophosphorylation o. oxygen p. water c. 2 pyruvates f. carbon dioxide i. glucose l. light energy n. mitochondria 15. 1. 4. ATP 2. 3. NADPH + H+ 14. 13. 12. 5. 5. aerobic respiration 11. FADH2 10. 9. 8. ← 7. NADH + H+ 11. 6. 11. anaerobic respiration 16. (fermentation) 2 lactate 1. _____ 2. _____ 15._____ 16._____ 8. ____ 9. _____ 3. _____ 10._____ 4. _____ 11._____ 5. _____ 12._____ 2 ethanol 6. _____7. _____ 13._____14._____ Summary equation for Photosynthesis (2pts) Summary equation for Cellular Respiration (2pts) Bonus* (5 pts) Complete on the backside of this sheet Provide a detailed explanation, including chemical equations and visual aids, of the 3 processes carried out during aerobic respiration.