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Microbes! Study Guide (part 1) Key
1. Which of the following statements are true about protists? Circle all that are true. Rewrite the false ones to
make them true.
a. Protist have an organized nucleus. T
b. Protist are always multicellular. F … may be uni or multicellular
c. Most protist live in water. T
d. Protist are sometimes single celled. T
e. Protist are decomposers. F Bacteria and fungi are decomposers
f. Protist have specialized tissues and organs. F they have specialized organelles
g. Protists are prokaryotes.F Eukaryotes
2. Of the protist we studied:
a. Which are autotrophs? Volvox and euglena
b. Which are heterotrophs?Paramecium and amoeba
c. Which move by flagella? Volvox and euglena
d. Which move by pseudopodia? amoeba
e. Which move by cilia?paramecium
-What does a contractile vacuole do? Regulates the water content of the protist
-What does the oral groove of a paramecium do? Serves as a mouth
-Which protist lives in colonies? volvox Why might this be beneficial? Safety in numbers!
3.
What are limiting factors? Factors that stop a population from continuing to increase.
List 5 limiting factors. Amount of water, food, sunlight, space. # of diseases, predators, parasites
How are limiting factors related to the carrying capacity of an area? Limiting factors set the carrying capacity.
4. What are the 3 shapes of bacteria? Draw them....
5.
Rod, spiral, sphere
How do bacteria reproduce? Draw this...
Binary fission
5. If you were looking at a prokaryote under the microscope how could you tell it was not an animal cell?
Small size, no nucleus, no membrane bound organelles
6. Why are virus not considered to be alive? Name at least 2 reasons.
Not a cell and do not carry out metabolic processes
7. Explain the lytic and lysogenic cycles in viruses. What happens in each?
Lytic-virus invades cell, makes new viral parts using the host materials, assembly of new virus, release
of virus often destroys host cell.
Lysogenic- virus invades cell and becomes part of the host DNA. When host cell divides, the viral DNA
is copied with it… later, something may trigger the cells to become lytic.
8. If you have a virus and go to the doctor. Would you expect to get an antibiotic? Why or why not?
No, antibiotics are only effective against living cells… bacteria
9. Why might the use of antibacterial products cause problems for the future?
The overuse or improper use of antibiotics, selects for the bacteria that are resistant to the antibiotics
which may mean that at sometime our medicines may be ineffective.
10. Tell at least 3 ways bacteria are beneficial to us and other organisms. Decomposers, make food,
nitrogen fixation
Create a venn diagram to compare and contrast Protist, bacteria and virus....12 items at least!
Bacteria: always one cell, no nucleus, no membrane bound organelles, circular DNA, decomposers
Virus: not a cell, protein coat, lytic cycle, requires a host cell to reproduce, does not do basic metabolic
activities (eat, grow, excrete)
Protist: Largest of these 3, eukaryote, nucleus, organelles, one or more cells, DNA in nucleus
All: have DNA, have some members that cause disease