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Which substance is a base that is found in DNA? What is a possible consequence of two base substitution mutations occurring in the same gene? Aerobic respiration involves conversion of glucose into pyruvate and conversion of pyruvate into carbon dioxide and water. Where do these processes occur in a eukaryotic cell? The percentage of bacteria showing antibiotic resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae and other species of disease-causing bacteria has risen considerably since antibiotics were introduced. What has caused this increase? What sequence of organs do substances pass through, as they move through the human digestive system? Mouth esophagus stomach small intestine large intestine anus How do skin and mucous membranes act as barriers to infection? Skin is tough and forms an effective physical barrier. Pathogens are trapped by sticky mucus. Arterioles in the skin contain muscle fibres which contract. What is the function of these fibres? B A. To move capillaries further from the skin when the body is too cold B. To reduce blood flow to the skin when the body is too cold C. To move capillaries closer to the skin when the body is too warm D. To increase blood flow to the skin when the body is too warm In the menstrual cycle in humans, which hormone causes the wall of the follicle to develop after ovulation and to secrete more progesterone? Lh he following is a dichotomous key for a group of beetles. 1. Wing cases with spots Wing cases without spots Ladybird 2 2. Elongated head Head not elongated Weevil 3 3. Long antennae Short antennae Longhorn beetle 4 4. Wing cases shorter than body Wings cases as long as body Oil beetle Colorado beetle (a) Using the key, identify the following beetles. A: B: C: D: E: (b) oil beetle; longhorn beetle; Colorado beetle; weevil beetle; ladybird beetle; n1 n2 2010 or ; n3 5 = 40; What is the role of the internal intercostal muscles during ventilation of the lungs? A. Increasing the pressure in the thorax Which processes always occur in meiosis but not normally in mitosis? I. Chiasmata formation II. Recombination of genes 2 max III. Separation of homologous chromosomes What part of spermatogenesis in humans takes place while spermatids are associated with Sertoli cells? A. Cell differentiation