Download Functions of each organ in each organ system

USE WITH THE CUT-OUT BODIES
The first part is explanatory for me and the second part is to print out and use with the
kids.
SKELETAL:
PUT BONES ON BODY AND IDENTIFY TYPES OF JOINTS
MUSCULAR:
PUT MUSCLES ON BODY AND DETERMINE HOW CONTRACTING EACH MUSCLE
WOULD MAKE THE BODY MOVE
RESPIRATORY:
PUT ORGANS ON BODY AND MATCH DESCRIPTION AND FUNCTION OF EACH
ORGAN
CARDIOVASCULAR (OR CIRCULATORY) SYSTEM:
PUT ORGANS ON BODY AND MATCH FUNCTION OF EACH ORGAN AND PUT THE
LOOP OF THE HEART IN ORDER (LEFT AND RIGHT ATRIUM AND VENTRICLE)
(CARDIOPULMONARY SYSTEM)
DIGESTIVE:
PUT ORGANS ON BODY AND MATCH DESCRIPTION AND FUNCTION OF EACH
ORGAN
EXCRETORY:
PUT ORGANS ON BODY AND MATCH WHAT EACH ORGAN EXCRETES AND WHY
NERVOUS:
PUT BIG NERVOUS GUY ON DISPLAY IN ROOM – NOTHING WITH LARGE BODY MATCH ORGAN WITH WHAT EACH IS RESPONSIBLE FOR
INTEGUMENTARY:
NOTHING WITH LARGE BODY
LYMPHATIC OR IMMUNE:
PUT ORGANS ON BODY AND MATCH WITH WHAT EACH IS RESPONSIBLE FOR
ENDOCRINE:
NOTHING WITH LARGE BODY
REPRODUCTIVE:
NOTHING WITH LARGE BODY
BALL AND SOCKET JOINT
This joint allows freedom of movement in
several directions.
HINGE JOINT
This joint allows movement in one plane
(front to back or side to side).
GLIDING JOINT
This joint allows more movement than a
hinge joint, but less than a ball and socket
joint.
PIVOT JOINT
This joint allows rotational movement.
IMMOVABLE JOINT
This joint allows no movement at all.
Description and Function:
Respiratory System
Nose
It contains a mucous lining and has tiny
hairs (called cilia) inside it.
It prevents foreign objects from entering
and traps large air impurities from going
further into the respiratory system
(sneezing).
Mouth
The opening of the body that is surrounded
on the outside by the lips and on the inside
contains the tongue, gums, and teeth.
It is the secondary opening for air entry
and exit (inhale and exhale).
Larynx (voice box)
The part of the respiratory tract between
the pharynx and the trachea, having walls
of cartilage and muscle and containing the
vocal cords.
It has two functions: a passageway for air
and as a voice box.
Lung
One of two spongy, saclike respiratory
organs in most vertebrates that are in the
chest cavity.
Its main function is to oxygenate the blood
(by the intake of oxygen, then the output of
carbon dioxide).
Bronchi (left and right bronchus)
One of two main branches of the trachea
that leads directly to the lungs.
It sends air from the trachea to the lungs.
Diaphragm
It is a muscular structure that acts as a floor
to the chest (thoracic) cavity as well as a
roof to the abdomen.
It helps to expand and contract the lungs,
forcing air into and out of them.
Pharynx
It extends from the mouth and nasal
cavities to the larynx.
It is shared with the digestive system – food
goes through it to the esophagus and air
passes through it to the trachea (but not at
the same time).
Trachea (windpipe)
A thin-walled tube that from the larynx to
the bronchi.
It allows air to pass beyond the larynx to
where it divides into the left and right
bronchi, then on to the lungs.
Bronchiole
Each bronchus divides and subdivides into
smaller and smaller branches just like tree
branches that get smaller as they grow up
and out.
By the time the air has reached here from
outside, it has been warmed up to body
temperature, filtered and moisturized.
Alveoli
A tiny, thin air cells (or sacs) in the lungs
that resemble bunches of grapes.
It is where the exchange of oxygen and
carbon dioxide takes place. They give up
oxygen and take carbon dioxide, which
then exits the body the same way it came
(through the bronchioles and bronchi, up
the trachea, then out the mouth or nose).
Circulatory System
Description and How it relates to the lungs
(left and right atrium and ventricle):
Heart
The muscular organ that pumps blood
throughout the body.
Left atrium
The chamber of the heart that receives
oxygen-rich blood from the lungs, then
transfers it to the left ventricle.
Left ventricle
The chamber of the heart that pumps
oxygen-rich blood out of the heart through
the aorta to the rest of the body.
Right atrium
The chamber of the heart that receives
oxygen-poor blood from the body, then
transfers it to the right ventricle.
Right ventricle
The chamber of the heart that pumps
oxygen-poor blood out of the heart to the
lungs, where it picks up oxygen.
Aorta
The main trunk of arteries that carries
blood from the left side of the heart to the
rest of the body (except the lungs).
Superior vena cava
A large vein that receives blood from the
head, neck, upper limbs, and chest, and
empties into the right atrium of the heart.
Inferior vena cava
A large vein that receives blood from the
lower limbs, the pelvis, and the abdomen
and empties into the right atrium of the
heart.
Digestive System
Description and Function:
Mouth
The opening of the body that is surrounded
on the outside by the lips and on the inside
contains the tongue, gums, and teeth.
The first part of the digestive systemchewing and salivary enzymes begin
breaking down food.
Esophagus
The muscular tube between the mouth and
the stomach.
It is the passageway for food from the
pharynx to the stomach.
Liver
A large, reddish-brown organ located in
the upper right portion of the abdominal
cavity.
It filters toxins from the blood and makes
bile (which breaks down fats) and some
blood proteins.
Stomach
The sack-like muscular organ that is
attached to the esophagus and the small
intestine.
When food enters this organ, it is churned
in an acid bath.
Gall bladder
A small, pear-shaped muscular sac, located
under the liver.
It stores and releases bile (a digestive
chemical which is produced in the liver)
into the small intestine.
Pancreas
A long, irregularly shaped gland located
below and behind the stomach.
It produces enzymes that help in the
digestion of carbohydrates, fats, and
proteins in the small intestine.
Large intestine
A long wide tube that is approximately 5
feet long.
It is where water is absorbed and where
solid waste material is transported.
Small intestine
A long, thin winding tube that is
approximately 20 feet long and 1 ½ inches
wide.
It is where food products are absorbed.
Appendix
A small sac located near the start of the
large intestine.
It may have bona fide functions, but that is
controversial. It may be the shrunken
remainder of a large and normal intestine
of a remote ancestor.
Rectum
The lower part of the large intestine.
It is where feces are stored before they
leave the body.
Anus
The opening at the end of the digestive
system.
It is where feces exit the body.
Excretory System
The waste product each organ excretes
Lung
As respiration occurs in cells, carbon
dioxide is produced as a waste product. As
it accumulates in body cells, it eventually
diffuses into the bloodstream. Carbon
dioxide ends up in this organ and leaves the
body with every exhale.
Liver
Some proteins and other nitrogen
compounds are broken down in this organ,
and as a result of these reactions, a nitrogen
waste called urea is formed.
Skin
This organ filters from the blood a certain
mixture of water, salt, and urea is what is
known as sweat, so it cools you and releases
wastes at the same time.
Kidney
These organs filter from the blood a certain
mixture of water, salt, and urea into what is
known as urine.
Ureter
They are tubes that carry urine from the
kidneys to the bladder.
Bladder
This organ temporarily stores urine.
Urethra
It is a tube through which urine leaves the
body when you pee.
Nervous System
What each is responsible for
Brain
The portion of the central nervous system
that is inside the cranium and connected
with the spinal cord. It is the primary
center for the regulation and control of
bodily activities, receiving and interpreting
sensory impulses, and transmitting
information to the muscles and body
organs. It is also the seat of consciousness,
thought, memory, and emotion.
Spinal cord
The thick, whitish cord of nerve tissue that
extends from the brain down through the
spinal column and from which the spinal
nerves branch off to various parts of the
body. It is the main pathway for electrical
signals to be sent to and from the brain and
body.
Central nervous system
The part of the nervous system that
contains the brain and the spinal cord.
Peripheral nervous system
The part of the nervous system that does
not include the brain and the spinal cord,
but are connected to the spinal cord. They
transmit signals to and from the body and
the spinal cord (which carries the messages
to and from and brain).
Lymphatic System (or immune system)
What each is responsible for
Spleen
A large dark-red oval organ on the left side
of the body between the stomach and the
diaphragm that stores blood, gets rid of old
blood cells, filters foreign substances from
the blood, and produces lymphocytes.
Thymus
A small glandular organ that is situated
behind the top of the breastbone and helps
to produce white blood cells. It is more
active in teenagers and shrinks in
adulthood.
Tonsils
They are two glands in the back of your
throat. They help protect the body from
bacteria and viruses.
Adenoids
They are at the back of your nose and help
protect the body from bacteria and viruses.