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Name ______________________________ Class ___________________ Date __________________
Skills Worksheet
Astronomy - Chapter 2 Review
WORD BANK:
BLACK HOLE
RED GIANT
ABSOLUTE MAGNITUDE
H-R DIAGRAM
WHITE DWARF
MAIN SEQUENCE
SUPER NOVA
NEBULA
LIGHT-YEAR
APPARENT MAGNITUDE
PARALLAX
USING KEY TERMS
1. The distance that light travels in space in 1 year is called a _______________.
2. An object that is so massive that light cannot escape its gravity is called a
___________ ___________.
3. A large, reddish star that is late in its life cycle is called a _______ ________.
4. A small, hot, dim star that is the leftover center of an old star is called a
___________ ____________.
5. A cloud of gases and dust that forms before the birth of a star is a _________.
6. An apparent shift in the position of an object when viewed from different
locations is _____________________________.
UNDERSTANDING KEY IDEAS
Multiple Choice
_____ 7. A scientist can identify a star’s composition by looking at
a. the star’s prism.
b. the star’s continuous spectrum.
c. the star’s absorption spectrum.
d. the star’s color.
_____ 8. The majority of stars in our galaxy are
a. blue stars.
b. white dwarfs.
c.main-sequence stars.
d. red giants.
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Stars, Galaxies, and the Universe
Name ______________________________ Class ___________________ Date __________________
_____ 9. Why do black lines appear on an absorption spectrum?
a. They show where too much light is absorbed by a star’s atmosphere.
b. They show where less light is absorbed by a star’s atmosphere.
c. They are the emission lines of an electrically charged element.
d. They show where a star has black spots.
_____ 10. What objects are formed from the materials in the core of a
supernova?
a. black holes and supergiants
b. red giants and white dwarfs
c. black holes and neutron stars
d . neutron stars and white dwarfs
Short Answer
11. Describe how scientists classify stars.
____________________________________________________________________
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12. Explain how stars at different stages in their life cycle appear on the H-R
diagram.
____________________________________________________________________
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13. Explain the difference between the apparent motion and actual motion of stars.
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
14. Describe how color indicates the temperature of a star.
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Stars, Galaxies, and the Universe
Name ______________________________ Class ___________________ Date __________________
15. Making Comparisons: Explain the differences between main-sequence stars,
giant stars, and white dwarfs.
____________________________________________________________________
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16.
Evaluating Data: Why do astronomers use absolute magnitudes to plot
stars? Why don’t astronomers use apparent magnitudes to plot stars?
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
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Critical thinking
17. Concept Mapping: Use the following terms to create a concept map:
main-sequence star, nebula, red giant, white dwarf, neutron star, and black hole.
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Stars, Galaxies, and the Universe
Name ______________________________ Class ___________________ Date __________________
Interpreting graphs
The graph below shows Hubble’s law, which relates how far galaxies are from
Earth and how fast they are moving away from Earth. Use the graph below to
answer the questions that follow.
18. Look at the point that represents galaxy A in the graph. How far is galaxy A
from Earth, and how fast is it moving away from Earth?
Distance = ____________________________________________________________
Speed = ______________________________________________________________
19. If a galaxy is moving away from Earth at 15,000 km/s, how far is the galaxy
from Earth?
____________________________________________________________________
20. If a galaxy is 90,000,000 light-years from Earth, how fast is it moving away
from Earth?
____________________________________________________________________
Original content Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor.
Holt Science and technology
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Stars, Galaxies, and the Universe
Name ______________________________ Class ___________________ Date __________________
Use the H-R Diagram to answer the following questions:
21. What is the spectral type for the star Naos? ________________________
22. What is its average surface temperature? __________________________
23. What is the absolute magnitude of the star Asterion? ________________
24. How does this compare to the magnitude of our sun?
_______________________________________________________________
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25. Compare and contrast the star Arcturus to the star Procyon. Which star has
a higher surface temperature? Which is older? Explain your reasoning.
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
Original content Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor.
Holt Science and technology
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Stars, Galaxies, and the Universe