Download SOL Review Packet #1 Answer Key WHI.12 – Late Middle Ages

SOL Review Packet #1 Answer Key
WHI.12 – Late Middle Ages
1. During whose reign did common law develop?
Henry II of England
2. Who signed the Magna Carta?
King John of Enland signed the Magna Carta in 1215.
3. Who was the Hundred Years War between?
The Hundred Years War was between the invading English and the French.
4. Who was Joan of Arc and why was she important?
She was a Frenchwoman who was important because she united France and encouraged
them to fight the English The English captured her, accused her of being a witch, and
burned her at the stake.
5. What rulers unified Spain and who did they force out of Spain?
Ferdinand and Isabella unified Spain and forced the Muslim Moors out of Spain.
6. Who held the power in Russia?
The leader of Russia was called a czar, during this time it was Ivan the Great.
7. What was the goal of the Crusades?
The goal was to capture Jerusalem and the Holy Land frrom the Muslim Turks.
8. During the Third Crusade, what city was captured by the Christians?
Acre was captured by the Christians in the Third Crusade.
9. What Muslim leader captured Jerusalem?
The Muslim leader was Saladin.
10. Name 2 positive effects of the Crusades.
1) Trade routes were opened between the Middle East and Europe.
2) Muslim science, technology, and mathematics spread to Europe.
11. Name 3 negative effects of the Crusades.
The majority of knights in Europe were killed, tension between Muslims and Christians
rose, and the power of the pope declined because he had called for the Crusades.
12. What was the capital of the Ottoman Empire?
Istanbul was the capital of the Ottoman Empire.
13. What is another name for the Black Death and when did it strike Europe?
The Black Death is also called the bubonic plague and it struck Europe from 1347-1351.
14. What areas were affected by the Black Death?
Western Asia, the Middle East, and central Europe, but not Poland.
15. Who was educated during the Middle Ages?
Priests, kings, and some higher lords were educated. Serfs and most lesser lords were not.
16. What is a monastery?
A community of monks who have seperated themselves from society to focus on God and
religious learning.
WHI.13 - Renaissance
17. What promoted contact between Europe and the Byzantine and Muslim Empires?
Trade routes were spreading further and travel became safer with the invention of
technologies such as the magnetic compass. The time of relative peace led to an increase
in the production of goods and an increase in money available to spend on luxury items.
18. What is usury?
Usury was considered a sin by Christians who were prohibited from lending money to
others with interest.
19. What was the Renaissance?
The Renaissance was a “rebirth” of art and learning in Europe from 1300-1600.
20. What led to the rise of Italian city-states?
Italy was located on the Mediterranean Sea trade routes and led to a need for cities in
which to have markets and places for merchants to stay while traveling.
21. Who wrote The Prince?
Machiavelli wrote The Prince.
22. Who painted the Mona Lisa and Last Supper?
Leonardo da Vinci painted both of those pieces.
23. Who painted the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel and sculpted the David?
Michelangelo created both of those works.
24. Who wrote sonnets?
Petrarch wrote sonnets, which are 14-line poems.
25. Who was an Italian humanist scholar?
Petrarch was also an influential humanist at the time.
26. Name 3 aspects of humanism.
Humanists studied the classical texts, they focused on human potential and achievements,
and they popularized the study of history, literature, and philosophy.
27. Where and how did the Italian Renaissance spread?
In 1494, Italy was attacked by a French king so artists and writed fled north to safety.
28. What did Gutenberg invent?
He reinvented movable type and invented the printing press.
29. Why did books become cheaper during the Renaissance?
The printing press allowed identical copies to be made, which allowed more books to be
made so the prices dropped.
30. Who wrote The Praise of Folly? Who wrote Utopia?
Erasmus wrote The Praise of Folly and Sir Thomas Moore wrote Utopia.