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Physical Science Final Exam Study Guide
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At the end of an experiment you must draw a ______________________. This step indicates whether the
data supports your hypothesis or not.

What is a scientific model?

Once you’ve asked questions and made observations, what is the next step in the scientific method?

Measuring something is one way of collecting _______________.

What kinds of changes in substances are always physical changes?

How does a physical change differ from a chemical change?

Why is density considered a useful property for identifying matter?

How could you change the mass of an object?

Why is freezing water to make ice considered a physical change?

What happens to matter during chemical changes?

How does a basketball under high pressure compare to a basketball under low pressure?

The melting point of salt is the same as its ______________________.

How do the particles of water that evaporate from an open container differ from the particles that remain?

How do elements join to form compounds?

How are metalloids similar to metals?
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How can a compound be broken down?

Explain the difference between speed and velocity?

As the distance between two objects increases, the force of gravity between them _______________.

What is the net force on an object when you combine a force of 10 N north with a force of 5 N south?

What does the law of universal gravitation state?

What is an object that appears to stay in place that helps you detect motion in another object?

Which is an example of friction that is helpful?

When something changes position, what is it doing?

Why does a crumpled piece of paper hit the ground before a flat sheet of paper?

According to Newton’s first law of motion, a moving object that is not acted on by an unbalanced force
will do what?

A cue ball rolls toward a billiard ball with a velocity of 1.0 m/s east. Both balls have identical masses.
What happens to the total momentum after the two balls collide?

List examples of action/reaction pairs.

If the work output of a machine is always less than the work input, where does the missing work go?

List examples of compound machines.

What does a fixed pulley change?
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
What is a machine with a grooved wheel that holds a cable?

What type of energy comes from a compound that changes as its atoms are rearranged?

Whenever one form of energy is converted into another, some of the original energy is always converted
into which type of energy?

When you eat fruits and vegetables, what type of energy are you taking in?

What do you call the energy of motion?

What is the purpose of insulation?

The transfer of thermal energy through a substance by direct contact is called ___________________.

In both hot-water and solar-heating systems, the thermal energy from heated water circulates through the
air of a room by __________________________.

How would you describe the nucleus of an atom?

Which of the subatomic particles has the least mass?

What did Bohr, Democritus, Thomson, Dalton, and Rutherford all have in common?

What is an isotope?

What does periodic mean?

Each vertical column on the periodic table is called a(an) ___________________________.

Mendeleev arranged the elements by _________________________________.
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
What are most of the elements in the periodic table?

What can group numbers on the periodic table help you determine?

How are electrons in an atom organized?

What is the joining of atoms to form new substances?

What is the most important factor in determining how an atom will bond?

What are the properties of metals associated with metallic bonds?

What are some signs that provide PROOF that a chemical reaction has taken place?

What is the force that holds atoms together called?

A calcium carbonate molecule has 1 calcium (Ca) atom, 3 oxygen (O) atoms, and 1 carbon (C) atom. What
is the chemical formula for calcium carbonate?

What is the rate at which electrical energy is changed into other forms of energy?

What does the amount of energy released per charge depend upon?

What goes down as resistance goes up?

What determines whether a material is magnetic or not?

In a solenoid, what would result in a stronger magnetic force?

What causes an echo?

How is a standing wave formed?
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What is the amplitude of a wave related to?

What unit is used to describe the frequency of a wave?

What can a violinist do if one string is producing a sound that is too low?

Sound waves are best reflected off which surfaces?

What does the mixing of pitches through interference produce?

What wave interaction occurs when waves combine and the resulting wave has a greater amplitude than
the individual waves had?

What wave interaction occurs when waves combine and the resulting wave has a smaller amplitude than
the individual waves had?

The amount a wave diffracts depends on its wavelength and ___________________________.

What determines the colors of translucent and transparent objects?

What is an electromagnetic wave?

The major source of energy on Earth originates from ____________________________________.

What kinds of waves are used in radar for detecting the speed of a car?

The amount a wave diffracts depends on what?
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