Download Name of Course Study Guide _____ Quarter 2007-08

Social Studies 11
2nd and 4th Quarter CRT Study Guide
Question
In 1941, what prompted the United States to enter World War II?
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What does the term blitzkrieg mean?
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Who was the British prime minister during World War II?
What was America’s policy during the early years of World War II?
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What tactics did Joseph Stalin use to dominate the Soviet Union?
In 1940, where did one of the greatest rescues in the history of warfare occur?
What does the term Lebensraum mean?
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What was Nazism?
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What did the Japanese American Citizens League speak out against?
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With which country did Hitler sign a Nonaggression Pact?
In what battle in August 1940 did Hitler launch the greatest air assault the world
had yet seen?
What were the Neutrality Acts designed to do?
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What was the purpose of Chamberlain’s appeasement policy?
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What was the purpose of Truman’s Fair Deal?
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What happened when the government lifted price controls after World War II?
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What was one result of the baby boom?
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Shortly after Congress declared on Japan, which two countries declared war on the
United States?
What was true of the North during World War II?
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What helped the United States emerge from the Great Depression?
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What World War II battle was a turning point in Eastern Europe?
Who made the final decision to drop the atomic bomb?
What happened during World War II on May 8, 1945 (also known as V-E Day)?
After the Allies gained control in Africa, what was their next target?
What 1942 World War II battle ended the Japanese offensive in the Pacific?
What was Franklin Roosevelt and Winston Churchill’s main war strategy at the
beginning of World War II?
What is the term used to describe Nazi Germany’s systematic murder of European
Jews?
How did the Nazis strip Jews of their German citizenship?
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What was General MacArthur forced to do when the Japanese advanced against his
troops?
What was the goal of the Manhattan Project?
Who developed the “beat movement” of the 1950s and 1960s as an expression of
non-conformity?
What can be said about African American soldiers during World War II?
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What was a belief of the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE)?
Answer
the Japanese attack on
Pearl Harbor
surprise and
overwhelming force
Winston Churchill
remaining neutral while
making war supplies
available to Britain
terror and purges
at Dunkirk
more living space for the
Germans
an extreme form of
fascism
Japanese American
property losses during
their wartime internment.
the Soviet Union
Battle of Britain
limit international
involvement
to keep the peace with
Germany
extend the New Deal’s
goals
Prices rose faster than
wages.
Families moved from the
cities to the suburbs.
Italy and Germany
African Americans faced
discrimination in
employment, housing, and
education.
producing goods for the
Allied forces
the Battle of Stalingrad
Harry S Truman
Germany surrendered
Italy
the Battle of Midway
to concentrate on winning
the war in Europe
the Holocaust
passed the Nuremberg
Laws
leave the Philippines
develop an atomic bomb
artists and writers
They fought in segregated
units.
using nonviolent
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What was the purpose of the Selective Training Service Act?
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What important idea came out of the Nuremberg Trials?
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Who did Japan ally itself with in September 1940?
What happened to many Japanese Americans during World War II?
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What was the end result of the Nazi policy to eliminate all of Europe’s Jews?
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41
After World War II, what organization was formed on the basis of the Atlantic
Charter?
What prevented Americans from spending the high wages they earned in wartime
jobs?
Who took over Manchuria in 1932?
What describes “code talkers”?
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44
What became the popular name for all women who worked in war production jobs?
What militant Japanese general became prime minister in October of 1941?
What took place on June 6, 1944 (D-Day)?
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What was the actual motive behind the Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere?
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What were the accusations against Julius and Ethel Rosenberg?
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What was made possible by the G. I. Bill of Rights of 1944?
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50
In what part of the world were the battles of the Coral Sea, Midway, and
Guadalcanal fought?
How did William J. Levitt contribute to the growth of suburbs?
What effect did rock-and-roll have on the young people of the 1950s?
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52
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What did American society in the 1950s expect women to do?
What was one of President Truman’s greatest challenges in reconverting to a
peacetime economy?
What finally brought an end to World War II?
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What describes satellite nations?
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What did President Truman promise in the Truman Doctrine?
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How did the U-2 incident affect American public opinion and policy?
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What was the Soviet Union’s response to the formation of NATO?
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What were some Hollywood figures charged with by members of the House UnAmerican Activities Committee (HUAC)?
What was the outcome of the Korean War?
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What is one reason the United States became involved in the affairs of the Middle
East following World War II?
techniques to end racism
to draft young men for the
military forces
Individuals are
responsible for their own
actions.
the Axis Powers
They were confined to
internment camps.
genocide of the Jewish
people
the United Nations
shortages of consumer
items
the Japanese
Navajo radio operators
who helped secure
communications in the
Pacific
Rosie the Riveter
Tojo Hideki
the landing of Allied
forces on France’s
Normandy coast
Japan wanted the region’s
natural resources for its
war against China.
passing atomic secrets to
the Soviets
veterans could get
educational stipends
the Pacific
He mass-produced houses.
It gave them a style that
they could call their own.
manage the household
keeping inflation in check
the dropping of atomic
bombs by the United
States on Hiroshima and
Nagasaki
nations dominated by the
Soviet Union
to support nations trying
to resist Soviet control
It caused the U. S. to favor
a large military buildup to
surpass the Soviet Union.
They created the Warsaw
Pact.
being sympathetic to
Communist ideas
Korea remained divided at
almost exactly the same
place as before the war.
to prevent oil-rich Arab
nations from falling under
Soviet influence
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What did Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin decide at the Yalta conference?
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What was the cause of the Berlin airlift?
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In what area did the 38th parallel became an important dividing line?
During the “Cold War”, what was the purpose of containment?
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What nation successfully orbited the satellite Sputnik in 1957 to start the space race
during the Cold War?
What was the main reason President Truman fired General MacArthur?
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What happened to Lee Harvey Oswald after the assassination of President
Kennedy?
What was a major part of President Johnson’s Great Society?
In Baker v. Carr, the Supreme Court declared that congressional districts had to be
apportioned on the basis of what?
As a senator, Lyndon Johnson was famed for his ability to do what?
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What was the purpose of the Immigration Act of 1965?
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What did the Warren Commission conclude about the Kennedy assassination?
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Why did some people criticize Great Society programs?
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How did Kennedy appear in the televised presidential debates between Kennedy
and Nixon?
What was the main focus of the Warren Supreme Court?
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In 1961, what challenge did President Kennedy give to the nation and NASA?
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What describes the 1960 election?
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Why did the Soviets built the Berlin Wall?
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What describes the major guiding principle behind the foreign policies of Presidents
Kennedy and Johnson?
What president established the Peace Corps?
What was the “Bay of Pigs” invasion of 1961?
What was the aim of both President Truman’s Federal Employee Loyalty Program
and Senator Joseph McCarthy’s hearings?
Why did a number of nations join NATO in 1949?
What country did the United Stated believe initiated the invasion of North Korea?
What is the policy of making the military power of the United States and its allies
so strong that no enemy would dare attack for fear of retaliation?
How did President Eisenhower’s domestic policy reflect that of his Republican
predecessors Coolidge and Hoover?
What describes Kennedy’s domestic policy success?
to divide the defeated
Germany into four
sectors—American,
British, French, and
Soviet
the Soviets blocked Allied
access to West Berlin
North and South Korea
to restrict the spread of
communism in foreign
countries
the Soviet Union
Mac Arthur was
insubordinate to his
commander-in-chief.
to expose Communists in
the United States
to protect themselves from
possible Soviet aggression
the Soviet Union
deterrence
He favored big business.
He rarely succeeded in
pushing legislation
through Congress.
He was fatally shot by
Jack Ruby.
health care legislation
one person, one vote
accomplish his political
goals
to eliminate quotas
restricting immigration
from certain countries
Kennedy was killed by
one man who had worked
alone.
It gave too much money
to the poor people.
more polished than Nixon
protecting the
constitutional rights of
citizens accused of crimes
to land a man on the moon
within the decade
Kennedy won by a very
slim margin.
to prevent East Germans
from fleeing to the West
to stop the spread of
communism
John Kennedy
It was a United Statesbacked attempt by antiCastro forces to land in
Cuba and overthrow the
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What was a result of the Cuban Missile Crisis?
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Who was the officer in charge of the My Lai massacre?
In Vietnam, how were herbicides such as Agent Orange, used?
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93
94
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What was one advantage of the Viet Cong guerrillas?
What event caused Americans to lose confidence in the Vietnam War?
Who was the nationalist leader who led Vietnam against the French?
What was the policy of replacing U.S. forces with South Vietnamese soldiers
called?
Who was the winner of the 1968 presidential election?
In 1970, what country did President Nixon announce that American forces would
invade?
Where did tensions between students who opposed the Vietnam War and National
Guardsmen result in four deaths?
What was the primary focus of the student protest movement of the 1960s?
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What were people who opposed fighting the war on moral or religious grounds
called?
Why did some Americans question the fairness of the draft during the Vietnam
War?
What policy did Martin Luther King, Jr., and other members of the SCLC
encourage in order to achieve victory in the struggle for civil rights?
Why did Martin Luther King, Jr. target Birmingham, Alabama, for demonstrations?
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What did participants in the 1963 March on Washington hope to accomplish?
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What happened after Congress passed the Voting Rights Act of 1965?
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What did the black power movement suggest that African Americans do?
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In which state did Freedom Riders encounter serious violence?
What was the goal of Freedom Summer and the Selma March?
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114
As a member of the Nation of Islam, what did Malcolm X encourage African
Americans to do?
In 1957, how did President Eisenhower use the Arkansas National Guard?
Who organized the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC)?
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What was a consequence of protesters’ involvement in “sit-ins”?
How did James Meredith advance the cause of civil rights?
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Who wrote the famous “Letter from a Birmingham Jail”?
Who became one of the most important symbols of the civil rights movement in the
1950s?
What doctrine relating to public education was overturned by the Supreme Court
decision in Brown v. Board of Education?
What principle, described by President Eisenhower became associated with
American involvement in Southeast Asia?
What did television coverage of the Vietnam War show the American people?
What congressional action gave President Johnson the authority to escalate the
Vietnam War?
What was one reason for the creation of the Vietnam Veterans Memorial?
regime there.
The Soviets removed their
missiles from Cuba.
William Calley
to kill foliage to expose
Viet Cong hiding places
elaborate tunnel systems
the Tet offensive
Ho Chi Minh
Vietnamization
Republican Richard Nixon
Cambodia
Kent State University
to demand U.S.
withdrawal from Vietnam
the domino theory
It brought the brutality of
the war into American
homes.
the Gulf of Tonkin
Resolution
to help heal the wounds
created by the war
conscientious objectors
College students could
easily avoid the draft.
nonviolent protest
because he considered it
the most segregated city in
the country
to convince Congress to
pass civil rights legislation
Many African Americans
were elected to office at
all levels.
separate from white
society and lead their own
communities
Alabama
to get voting rights
legislation passed
to separate themselves
from white society
enforce school integration
African American
ministers
time in jail
He tried to enroll at Ole
Miss.
Martin Luther King, Jr.
Rosa Parks
“separate but equal”
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The Civil Rights Act of 1964 specifically prohibited discrimination in what area?
De facto segregation is a form of bias that results from which of the following?
What did Lyndon Johnson have to do to gain passage of the Civil Rights Act of
1964?
Who was the president that desegregated the military?
Who was the first African American to play Major League Baseball?
What amendment outlawed the poll tax?
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127
Who was the first African American United States Supreme Court Justice?
Why did President Kennedy move slowly on civil rights issues?
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What did the brutality against African Americans in Birmingham prompt Kennedy
to do?
Why was the Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party organized?
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How did SNCC change under the leadership of Stokely Carmichael?
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What did the Black Panthers want African Americans to do?
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Which of the following leaders were assassinated in 1968?
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What prevented the Equal Rights Amendment from becoming a law?
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What was the Woodstock festival?
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What did men and women do to express themselves during the 1960s
counterculture?
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What did Dr. Benjamin Spock and Betty Friedan disagree about concerning the role
of women?
What was one goal of the American Indian Movement?
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139
Which U.S. Supreme Court decision legalized abortion?
What was the greatest environmental threat of nuclear power plants?
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Where did the women’s movement borrow legal tools and inspiration?
What was created by the government as a result of pressure from environmental
activists?
What was one successful strategy used by Cesar Chávez?
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144
Who wrote The Feminine Mystique?
What theory does the term feminism describe?
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Although American Latinos come from different countries, what do they have in
common?
How did Asian Americans fare during the 1960s and 1970s?
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What issue caused the growth of the women’s movement of the 1960s?
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How did television help spur economic growth?
What was the economic result of OPEC’s 1973 embargo on shipping oil to the
United States?
Why was the Committee to Reelect the President formed?
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What was Nixon’s greatest foreign policy accomplishment?
public accommodations
habit and tradition
overcome Senate
filibusters
Harry S Truman
Jackie Robinson
the Twenty-fourth
Amendment
Thurgood Marshall
to avoid offending
southern Democratic
senators
propose a stronger civil
rights bill
to send delegates to the
Democratic National
Convention
It became increasingly
militant.
lead their own
communities
Martin Luther King, Jr.,
and Robert Kennedy
It failed to be ratified by
enough states.
a peaceful concert of
major rock bands
grew their hair long and
wore nontraditional
clothes
Who should stay home
with their children.
autonomy, or selfgovernment, for Native
Americans
Roe v. Wade
radioactivity released into
the air
civil rights movement
Environmental Protection
Agency
nationwide consumer
boycott
Betty Friedan
the equality of women and
men
They all speak the same
language.
They made economic
gains but continued to
face discrimination.
various forms of job
discrimination
through its advertisements
higher inflation and
another recession at home
ensure an overwhelming
victory for Nixon in 1972
bringing about American
détente with the Soviet
Union and China
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What did SALT I prove to the world?
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Why did the Watergate break-in occur?
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156
What did Nixon do to reduce the growth of government spending?
What did Neil Armstrong and “Buzz” Aldrin accomplish on July 20, 1969?
What was included in Nixon’s “southern strategy”?
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Why did Nixon have Archibald Cox, the special prosecutor, fired?
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Why did Gerald Ford say he pardoned Richard Nixon?
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In what area did Carter outdo previous administrations?
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Why did Congress pass the War Powers Act in 1973?
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166
167
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The 1979 Camp David Accords hosted by President Carter led to peace between
what Arab nation and Israel?
Who is the only person that served as both Vice President and President yet was
never elected by the American people?
President Ford faced an economy with both rising inflation and rising
unemployment. What is this economic phenomenon called?
Who were the Washington Post reporters who tried to investigate the Watergate
coverup?
What was Henry Kissinger’s position in the Nixon Administration?
Why did Nixon resign?
What was one major factor contributing to Ronald Reagan’s defeat of President
Carter in 1980?
What did the "supply side" economics of President Ronald Reagan and President
George Bush favor?
What was one of President Reagan’s main goals?
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172
173
174
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What program proposed under the Reagan administration was known as “Star
Wars”?
What coalition was formed by conservative groups in 1980?
Who was the first female United States Supreme Court Justice?
What promise to the American people did President George H. W. Bush break?
How did the Soviet policies of perestroika and glasnost help bring an end to the
Cold War?
What was a major reason that President George H. W. Bush responded forcefully to
Iraq’s invasion of Kuwait?
that the superpowers
could reach agreements
limiting nuclear arms
The Committee to Reelect
the President wanted to
wiretap the Democratic
National Committee
Headquarters.
cut social programs
They walked on the moon.
preventing the extension
of the Voting Rights Act
of 1965
Nixon did not want to
release secret audiotapes.
because he thought it was
the correct thing to do for
the country
in the number of women
and minorities he
appointed
to limit the president’s
authority to wage war
Egypt
Gerald Ford
stagflation
Woodward and Bernstein
Secretary of State
to avoid impeachment
the hostage crisis in Iran
providing incentives to
stimulate business growth
to cut back on government
regulation of business and
industry
New Federalism
the New Right
Sandra Day O’Connor
to not increase taxes
They helped cause the fall
of Communist regimes in
Eastern Europe.
He wanted to protect the
flow of oil to the West.
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