Download Muscle Movement

MUSCULAR SYSTEM
Part 4:
Muscle Movement
OBJECTIVES
Explain how the attachments,
locations and interactions of
skeletal muscles make possible
certain movements
Identify and locate the origin and
insertions of each muscle
Describe the action of each muslce
ATTACHMENT OF MUSCLES
 Skeletal muscles are attached to one end of a
______, stretch across a ______, and are
fastened to a point on __________________
 Muscles are attached to the _________ of the
bone, directly or by a tendon
… A ___________ is a tough fibrous cord of
connective tissue
 The point where the muscle attaches to a
stationary bone is called the ______________
 The point where the muscle attaches to the
moving bone is called the _____________
MOVEMENT
 Most skeletal muscles are arranged in opposing
pairs
… One muscle in a pair moves a limb in one direction;
the other muscle moves it in the opposite direction.
 Muscles move ____________ by pulling them
… For example: when the biceps muscle contracts, the
elbow bends.
 A __________ is a muscle that bends a joint.
 An __________ is a muscle that straightens a
joint.
 To bring about a smooth movement, one muscle
in a pair must _________while the opposing
_______________
Flexors
Extensors
MOVEMENT CONT.
 _____________ are muscles that take away
from the body
… Ex. lifting the arm to the side and spreading out
your fingers
 Adductors are the opposites of abductors
They are muscles that move __________ the
body
… Ex. lowering an arm raised to the side and
moving your fingers together while keeping them
straight
INTERACTION OF SKELETAL MUSCLES
 Most skeletal muscles function in groups, thus for a
particular movement you need more than the
contraction of a single muscle
 Three types of interactions:
 __________: a muscle that causes an action
… Also known as the prime mover
… For example: the deltoid muscle abducting the arm
 ___________: muscles near an agonist contract to
help with the action
… For example: the supraspinatus contracts to help
the deltoid abduct the arm
 ___________: muscles that work to oppose an action
… For example: the same muscles that raise the upper
arm can lower the upper arm
MUSCLE FATIGUE
 Happens when _____________availability
fails to keep pace with its use
 It causes controlled muscle activity to cease,
even though the muscle may still receive
nerve stimulation to move
 ___________________is the physiological
inability of a muscle to contract
 Muscle fatigue is a result of the depletion of
ATP
 When ATP is absent, a state of continuous
contraction occurs.
… Ex. Severe muscle cramps
OXYGEN DEBT
 Large amounts of oxygen are needed to maintain
the rate of maximum ATP production required to
sustain strenuous exercise
 However, after several minutes of heavy exertion,
the circulatory system and the respiratory system
are not able to keep up with the demands
 Oxygen levels become depleted as result, which we
called _________________
 Oxygen debt leads to an accumulation of __________
as metabolic waste in the muscle fibers
 Lactic acid produces the soreness you may
experience after prolonged exercise