Download info EQ - Northwest ISD Moodle

Biology Student
EQ: Where do all the dead things go?
Do you get more energy from the potato or the steak?
Is Predation a bad thing?
Energy Flow Through
Ecosystems
Targeted Skills
graphing, reading and analysis, interpreting diagrams and graphs,
recognizing trends in data, making observations
Enduring Understanding
Energy and matter are transferred in the environment within and
between organisms.
Interactions in nature determine the balance of ecosystems.
Broad Brush Knowledge
food web, trophic levels, ecological pyramids, energy transfer
10%, competition, predation, symbiosis, conservation, human
impact
Concepts Important to Know and Understand
Energy Flow, Interactions Among Organisms
Core Objectives
3. Investigate and explain the flow of energy through an
ecosystem including food chains, food webs, and trophic levels
within food pyramids
Part A – Pre-lab: DIRECTIONS – Use Prentice Hall Biology, Chapter 3-2, p. 67-73 to answer the
following questions. The information will be reviewed in the Energy Flow PPT.
I. FOOD CHAINS
A. Complete the table below with the appropriate definition of each term.
Important Terms:
Definition:
Autotroph/producer:
Heterotroph/consumer:
Herbivore:
Carnivore:
Omnivore:
Decomposer/detritivore:
Food chain:
Trophic Level:
Food Web:
B. Answer the following based on the food chain on p. 69.
1. Who or what is the producer in this food chain? __________________________________________
2. Who or what is the primary consumer? ________________________________________________
3. Who or what are the carnivores in this food chain? ________________________________________
4. What do the arrows mean? __________________________________________________________
5. What is a decomposer? Provide an example.
___________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
6. How does this explain the EQ: “Where do all the dead things go?” ____________________________
Energy Flow Through Ecosystems - Student (Revised June 20, 2005)
(printed 6/20/2017) p. 1
7. Draw a food chain and include a producer, an herbivore, 2 carnivores and a decomposer. Use arrows to
show transfer of energy.
C. Answer the following based on the food web on p. 71.
1. Name 2 producers from this food web. _________________________________________________
2. Name an organism that eats marsh grass and grasshoppers. ________________________________
3. What do we call organisms that eat both plants and animals? ________________________________
4. Why is the marsh hawk called a top-level carnivore? _______________________________________
5. Why are food webs a better representation of energy flow through ecosystems than food chains? ____
________________________________________________________________________________
II. ECOLOGICAL PYRAMIDS
This information will be reviewed with the Ecological Pyramids PPT.
A. The Pyramid of Energy
1. What does an ecological pyramid of energy show? ________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
2. Why is the transfer of energy and matter in a food chain only about 10% efficient? ________________
________________________________________________________________________________
3. Where is the most energy located? ____________________________________________________
4. Where is the least amount of energy located? ____________________________________________
B. The Pyramid of Biomass
1. What does a biomass pyramid represent? ______________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
2. Using the biomass pyramid, where is the majority of the biomass located? _____________________
3. Using the biomass pyramid, where is the least amount of biomass located? ____________________
C. The Pyramid of Numbers
1. What does a pyramid of numbers represent? ____________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
2. Using the numbers pyramid, where is the majority of the numbers located? ____________________
3. Using the numbers pyramid, where is the least amount of numbers located? ___________________
4. Would all ecosystems have a pyramid of numbers like that for a meadow in figure 3-9 on p. 73? ____
________________________________________________________________________________
5. Draw a numbers pyramid for a forest ecosystem.
Energy Flow Through Ecosystems - Student (Revised June 20, 2005)
(printed 6/20/2017) p. 2
Part B: Lab
FOOD CHAINS, FOOD WEBS AND BIOLOGICAL PYRAMIDS
Directions: Use the animals in the Food Chains and Webs PPT to complete the chart below. Then use it
to create a food chain and a food web.
1. Identifying organisms’ roles in an ecosystem.
Table 1
NAME OF
ORGANISM
CONSUMER OR
PRODUCER
DERIVES ENERGY
FROM…
SERVES as FOOD
FOR …
WHAT TROPHIC
LEVEL?
1. Oak Tree
(acorn)
Producer
Sun (Photosynthesis)
Mice and squirrels
First
2. Grasses
3. Rabbit
4. Hawk
5. Squirrel
6.Bacteria and
Fungi
7. Cherry Tree
8. Mouse
9. Green Plant
10. Snake
11. Coyote
2. Designing Food Chains: Design 2 possible food chains using organisms you listed in your table. Your
food chains should have at least 3 trophic levels. Use arrows to show the transfer of energy from one
organism to the next.
Food Chains
Table 2
PRODUCER
HERBIVORE
CARNIVORE
TOP CARNIVORE
1.
2.
Energy Flow Through Ecosystems - Student (Revised June 20, 2005)
(printed 6/20/2017) p. 3
3. Designing a Food Web: Remember that a food web is a diagram that links all of the food chains in an
ecosystem together. Design a food web using the 11 organisms you listed in Table 1. Be sure to use
arrows to show what eats what and where the energy is going.
DATA ANALYSIS
1. What is the starting point of all food chains/webs? Explain your answer. ______________________
________________________________________________________________________________
2. Describe the role of decomposers in the food web. Describe where the matter they break down goes.
________________________________________________________________________________
3. What types of organisms make up the lowest trophic level? _________________________________
4. What types of organisms make up the highest trophic level? ________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
5. Use the two food chains that you created in Table 2 to complete the 2 Ecological Pyramids below.
Food Chain #1
Food Chain #2
Trophic Level 4
Tertiary Consumers/ Carnivores
Trophic Level 3
Secondary Consumers/ Carnivores
Trophic Level 2
Primary Consumers/ Herbivores
Trophic Level 1
Producers/Autotrophs
Energy Flow Through Ecosystems - Student (Revised June 20, 2005)
(printed 6/20/2017) p. 4