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Chapter 10 Test Review
1. What is crossing over and what does it result in? CHROMOSOMAL SEGMENTS ARE
EXCHANGED BETWEEN HOMOLOGOUS CHROMOSOMES RESULTING IN GENETIC
VARIATIONS.
2. What is a gamete? Female gamete? Male gamete? A SEX CELL. FEMALE=EGG,
MALE=SPERM
3. Cells that contain 2 alleles for each trait are described as HOMOZYGOUS.
4. Define Heredity. What is the study of heredity called? PASSING OF CHARACTERISTICS
FROM PARENT TO OFFSPRING, GENETICS
5. What is a genotype? Phenotype?
6. What is the device used for predicting possible offspring with different genotypes? Who
developed this device? PUNNET SQUARE, REGINALD PUNNET
7. Write the examples for the following genotypes: Heterozygous, Homozygous Dominant,
Homozygous Recessive. Tt, TT, tt
8. Define Mendel’s 2 laws. Explain in detail LAW OF INDEPENDENT ASSORTMENTWAY IN WHICH CHROMOSOME PAIR SORTS RANDOMLY WHEN GETTING ONE
ALLELE FROM EACH PARENT
LAW OF SEGREGATION-STATES YOU CAN ONLY GET ONE ALLELE FROM EACH
PARENT.
9. What is produced by each parent and shown along the sides of a Punnett square?
GAMETES
10. Who carried out the first studies of heredity? GREGOR MENDEL
11. What did he use to carry out these studies? PEA PLANTS
12. Be able to give possible allelic combinations found in gametes Ex:(Bb, Dd) can be
expressed how many ways? BD, Bd, bD, bd
13. What is pollination? TRANSFER OF MALE POLLEN GRAIN TO FEMALE PLANT
ORGAN
14. What are the odds of a child being born a boy? 50%
15. Complete a monohybrid punnett square for height. Tall is dominant. SEE BOOK
16. What is happening in meiosis and fertilization? MEIOSIS IS CELLS SPLITTING TO
HAPLOID. FERTILIZATION IS THE UNION OF MALE & FEMALE GAMETE
17. What is the alternate form of a gene? ALLELE
18. Be able to complete a dihybrid cross. OMIT! NOT ON TEST
19. Explain the difference between haploid vs. diploid. HAPLOID N=23 CHROMOSOMES
DIPLOID 2N-46 CHROMOSOMES
20. What is a zygote? FERTILIZED EGG