Download my Fascism/World War Two Study Guide

Fascism and World War 2 Study Guide:
1.
Know how Hitler and Stalin rose to power and the methods they used to become dictators (Hitler My Notes, Stalin
Reading)
Hitler – 1923 -Munich Putsch or Beer
Hall Putsch – Arrested
Writes Mein Kampf (My Struggle)
1933 Elected Chancellor1933 - Burning of the Reichstag
Building.
Boycott Jewish Stores and services
Eliminates Communists
Nazi Party declares Hitler Fuehr
All swear loyalty oath
2.
Stalin - Strike organizer, kidnaping, ransom,
extortion to raise money for Communist Party. Sent
to exile or Siberia several times
1904 Befriends Lenin. Commits more crimes escapes
from Siberia
Becomes editor of Pravda
* did not play major role in Revolution
Ordered Tsar and family dead. Burned peasant
villages to intimidate
Becomes General Secretary
Lenin first leader of SU.
Lenin dies Stalin becomes leader. 1924 -1953
Purges Religion, military, educated class.
creates KNVD Secret Police
Secret police. Gulags Kills 20 million in peace time
Media manipulation and propaganda
Be able to explain Fascism and differentiate between, Stalin, Mussolini and Hitler
(Two readings)
Extreme form of nationalistic Gov. Characterized by a dictator demanding loyalty to the dictator
and second to the state. Authoritarian. People have no rights. War seen as strength and necessary.
Hitler
Stalin
Original Gov
National
Socialism
Gov. Communist –
Stalin takes over after
Lenin
A New Germany
(3rd Reich that
would rule 1000
years.)
Modernize and
Industrialize
Goal to create a future
Communist state to rule
world.
master race
purity of blood
Mussolini
Gov. Creates
first Fascist
party. Socialist
Gov. Killed by
his own people
Restore Roman
Empire
Apply principles of
Communist manifesto.
No Ind. Rights
No Individual Rights
Starts of WW2
Holocaust
War is
Necessary
Purges kills millions of
his own
War is Necessary
No individual
rights
War is
necessary
3.
What were the long term goals for:
Mussolini – Reestablish Roman Empire
Hitler - Create a pure Aryan master Race
Stalin - Create the futures most powerful nation, spreading communism world wide
4.
How did Hitler violate the Treaty of Versailles leading Europe to war
Rearming military air force and navy, Annexing Austria, Rhineland, Creating the draft.
5.
Why did the world allow Hitler to break the Treaty of Versailles
Great depression, aversion to war, appeasement, Failure of league of Nations
6.
Why was the Munich Agreement an act of appeasement
Giving up Czechoslovakia for peace
7.
Know reasons for American Isolationism
Failure to Join League of Nations after WW1
Great Depression and aversion to war
8.
Know how America remained neutral while at the same time supporting Brittan and France
Lend Lease - Roosevelt sends large amounts of US weapons and ammunition "surplus"
Included 50 Destroyers. Shipment to Britain in mid-1940. Leasing some British Islands as bases.
US becomes the “Arsenal of democracy” Weapon supplier to our future allies
9.
Know cause and effects leading America to War
German U-boat attacks in the Atlantic become an election issue
Japan’s attack on Pearl Harbor. FDR Speech. A day that will live in infamy. Congress declares war.
US becomes Arsenal of Democracy
10. What was Japan's motive to attack Pearl Harbor?
After attacking China and Indochina US Puts and embargo (illegal to sell to) on oil, steel,
scrap iron, and aviation fuel to Japan. Japan has no natural resources as an Island nation.
Japan attacks US to prevent any intervention on their imperialistic needs.
11. Know the ideological reasons for the Holocaust and documents proving it was a state run operation
planned from the highest level (Document Based Evidence)
Hitler – purity (cleanliness, hygiene) of German blood is most important. Eliminate all corrupting
influences to allow the pure German "master race" to evolve. Nuremberg Laws, Racial Purity, Removal of citizenship from
Jews. employment of Jews, Intermarriage outlawed
Hitler Social Darwinism “nature is cruel.” Sacrifice Germans to eliminate Millions of an inferior race.
Himmler’s Speech to SS officers “Party officials say it’s easy. We know it is hard.”
using terms both the euphemism "evacuate" then the real word "extermination" in present tense. "You are doing it and...
remaining decent. “….A chapter the world must never know”.
SS Doctors: Extermination of the feeble minded, Epilepsy, old age .
Dr. Mengle, Brandt, Oftenhause Medical Experiments. Letter to Himmler requesting "human material" prisoners, feeble
minded, Jews, etc. for High Altitude tests.
SS Commandant: Concentration modification to kill more. Ordering Zyklon B and Gas chamber door by SS
12. Know the purpose and outcome of the Yalta Conference
UN Created by Roosevelt
Stalin gains all eastern European Territory (promises free elections fails to do so)
Millions fall under Stalin Rule
Churchill Warns of an “Iron Curtain” descending over the European foreshadowing the cold war
and Stalin’s power
13. Know the specific arguments for and against the dropping of the Atomic Bomb
For:
US was attacked by Japan
Japan has not abided by any rule of war (Savage attacks of innocents, inhumane treatment of prisoners)
Invasion would cost millions of lives.
Japan would not surrender
Bomb would end war save lives of Americans and Japanese
Warn Stalin of our power.
We do not want Stalin involved in Helping fight Japan. He could turn his sights towards China Japan, even us.
Against :
Once bomb used it will always be used
Arms race
America could never hold the moral high ground
Japan on verge of collapse
Soviets would fight Japanese
14. How was the Marshall Plan different from the Versailles Treaty?
Rebuild Democratic section of Germany West Germany, Build up Japan
Over see democratic institutions. Engagement rather than punishment
15. Know the significance and the outcome of the Nuremberg Trials
First time top leaders are tried by a World Court on crimes against humanity.
Holds leaders accountable for war crimes
World War 2 Study Guide:
Identify/define and know the significance
Use separate paper if needed to write complete answers
Treaty of Versailles -1919 Treaty ending ww1. Punishes Germany with War Guilt Clause Leads to rise of Hitler.
Franklyn Delano Roosevelt (FDR) – US President from pre ww2 until death before end of war
Neville Chamberlin – English Prime Minister, participated in Munich Conference. “Peace in our Time”
Munich Agreement – France, Germany, England meet give Hitler Czechoslovakia in return for peace
Appeasement – Giving into an aggressors demands in return for peace
Winston Churchill – English Prime Minister during ww2
Charles de Gaulle – Leader of the French resistance movement following the fall of France
Fascism
- a governmental system led by a dictator having complete power, forcibly suppressing opposition and
criticism, regimenting all industry, commerce, etc., and emphasizing an aggressive nationalism and often
racism.
Benito Mussolini – Italian dictator creates modern Fascism
Joseph Stalin – Successor to Lenin over saw modernization of Soviet Union, WW2 and Cold war until death in 1954
Adolf Hitler – Leader of the Nazis. Started WW2
Emperor Hirohito – Emperor of Japan, seen as a god on earth
Hideki Tojo – Prime Minister of Japan during ww2
Dwight Eisenhower – Leader of the allied forces in Europe. In charge of D- Day
Lend Lease – Plan to support Brittan and staying neutral. Lend weapons in return for leasing British islands
Pearl Harbor – Home to the US Pacific Fleet. Attack by Japanese bring US into the war
D Day – Largest invasion in the world. Allied forces cross the English Channel to attack Normandy to Free the
French and fight war in Europe
VE Day – Victory Europe Germany surrenders. May 1945
VJ Day – Japan Surrenders August 1945
Battle of Midway and Iwo Jima
Harry Truman – Takes over President after FDR Dies. Drops atomic bombs on Japan to end the war.
Manhattan Project – Overall term associated with the program to create the Atomic Bomb
Fatman and Little Boy – Two Atomic Bombs dropped on
Los Alamos – Main lab of the Manhattan Project in New Mexico
Axis Powers - Germany, Italy, and Japan signed the Tripartite Pact, which became known as the Axis alliance.
Allied Powers Great Britain, Soviet Union, France, US
Operation Barbarossa – Nazi attack of Soviet Union
Battle of Stalingrad – Key battle 500,000 soviets dead 750,000 Germans dead. March towards Berlin
Vichy Government – Nazi Controlled French Government under German occupation
Mein Kamp – Hitler Book of ideology written in prison after Beerhall Putsch
Eugenics – using positive breeding traits to create a superior species
Euthanasia – Mercy Killing
Kristallnacht (Night of Broken Glass) – Order from SS to Nationwide police to destroy
Jewish property and arrest Jews to send to camps. Careful orders not to damage anything German
Jewish Codes or Nuremberg Laws – 1935 takes away citizenship from Jews. Jews fired from work,
Could not employ Germans, Not allowed to marry
Final Solution – decision to eliminate Jews on an industrial massive level
Holocaust – Systematic killing of 6 million Jews during WW2
Zyklon B – Poison Gas used to kill Jews in Concentration camps
Nuremberg Trials- Held in Nuremberg Germany and Broadcast to the world, first time ever,
Trial against top Nazis tried as war criminals
Joseph Gobles – Propaganda Minister. In charge of all media messages and spread of information.
Heinrich Himmler – Head of the SS
Concentration Camp – Series of labor death camps, Auschwitz, Treblinka, Bergen-Belsen