Download 564625Ch_14_review_packet_answers

Chapter 14 Review Packet
b
Name_____KEY_____________________
1. Blood cells are made in which organ system?
a. nervous system
c. digestive system
b. skeletal system
d. circulatory system
b
2. The spaces inside bone contain a soft tissue called
a. cartilage.
c. spongy bone.
b. marrow.
d. phosphorus
a
3. Which type of muscle tires quickly during exercise? (the skeletal muscles are voluntary)
a. voluntary muscle
c. smooth muscle.
b. breathing muscle.
d. cardiac muscle.
b
4. An example of a ball-and-socket joint is your
a. neck.
c. wrist.
b. hip.
d. ankle.
d
5. The skin produces
a. vitamin A.
b. vitamin B.
c. vitamin C.
d. vitamin D.
d
6. The openings in the skin through which perspiration exits the
a. follicles.
c. melanin.
b. epidermis.
d. pores.
b
7. Muscles found only in the heart are called
a. skeletal muscles.
c. smooth muscles.
b. cardiac muscles.
d. voluntary muscles.
body are called
8888
a
8. A place in the body where two bones come together is called a
a. joint.
c. hinge.
b. ligament.
d. tendon.
c
9. The strong connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone is called a
a. joint.
c. tendon.
b. ligament.
d. cartilage.
b
10. The skeleton does all of the following EXCEPT
a. provide shape and support.
c. enable movement.
b. produce vitamin D.
d. protect internal organs.
Completion
Fill in the line to complete each statement.
11. Nerves and blood vessels in the skin are located in the ____dermis_________________.
12. _____skeletal___________________ muscle is sometimes called striated muscle.
13. Smiling is an action controlled by ___voluntary_____________________ muscles, because it is an action
that a person can control.
14. The lower layer of the skin is called the ___dermis_____________________.
15. A(n) ___ligaments_____________________ is the strong connective tissue that holds the bones together
in movable joints.
16. Backward or forward type of motion is possible with a _____hinge______________ joint.
True or False
If the statement is true, write true. If it is false, change the underlined word or words to make the statement
true.
___true________ 17. Smooth muscles are involuntary muscles.
__contract__ 18. Muscle cells can only extend.
____less____ 19. An adult skeleton has more cartilage than a child’s skeleton.
____true___ 20. The backbone is made up of 26 small bones, or vertebrae.
____true___ 21. Exercise is important for muscles because it helps maintain strength and flexibility.
_ cartilage_ 22. Much of a newborn’s skeleton is made of bone.
_melanin__ 23. Halogen, a pigment in the skin, helps protect the skin from sunburn.
__sweat
24. Shivering helps to cool your body.
__true__ _ 25. The outermost layer of the skin is the epidermis.
Using Science Skills
Use the figures below to answer the following questions.
26. Label the type of joint represented by each of the figures shown above.
A.
pivot
B.
ball and socket
C.
gliding
D.
hinge
_
27. Bones soaked in vinegar demonstrates the importance of:
having enough calcium in your diet
`
28. Your skeletal system is meant, in part, to protect. Explain using as many examples as you can think
of.
Skull - brain
ribs - lungs
vertebrae – spinal cord
29. How does the skin help the body maintain a constant body temperature?
When you get too warm, you sweat and the sweat evaporates cooling you off
30. Are bones alive? Explain.
Yes, they undergo growth and development. Bones make certain
blood cells and release certain minerals into the blood when needed.
31. Explain how skeletal muscles work in pairs?
They can contract but not extend. Each skeletal
muscle can only pull a bone in one direction. There’s another muscle attached to the bone that can pull
the bone in the opposite direction.
32. If smooth muscle had to be controlled consciously, what problems could you foresee in day-to-day living?
You’d have to think about breathing and digesting your food, etc. You couldn’t sleep or you
would die and you’d have too many things to think about at once.
33. How does skin protect your body?
It helps keep out infections and regulate temperature, it
also prevents the loss of fluids from the body.
Use the graph to answer questions 34-36.
The graph shows the effects of the temperature of the environment on
A boy’s skin temperature and on the temperature inside his body
34. As the temperature of the environment rises, what
happens to the boy’s internal body temperature?
The boy’s internal temperature stays constant as
the environmental temperature rises.
How does this demonstrate homeostasis?
This demonstrates the stability of his internal
temperature despite changes in the external temp.
35. What happens to the temperature of the boy’s skin?
His skin temperature rises as the external
temperature increases.
Why is this pattern different from the pattern shown by the boy’s internal body temperature?
His skin is in direct contact with the external environment (the air) so it warms as the
external temp. increases. Several processes combine to keep the internal body temp.
constant.
36. Suppose the boy went outdoors on a chilly fall morning. Predict what would happen to his
internal body temperature and his skin temperature. Explain.
His internal temperature would remain constant due to homeostasis, while his skin
temperature would decrease.
Above was a practice test…hope it was easy for you. Below is a list of topics you need to
know real well.
1. Functions of skeletal, muscle and skin systems
2. Bones of the body (p. 475)
3. Types of joints
4. Purpose of ligaments, cartilage & tendons
5. Structure of bones
6. How to take care of your bones, skin & muscles
7. Difference between voluntary & involuntary muscles
8. Use, location & description of 3 muscle types: cardiac, skeletal, smooth
9. How/why muscles work in pairs
10. Structure & function of epidermis & dermis
Skeleton labeling
1.
skull
2.
vertebrae
3.
clavicle
4.
humerus
5.
scapula
6.
sternum
7.
ribs
8.
vertebrae
9.
radius
10.
ulna
11.
carpals
12.
metacarpals
13.
femur
14.
patella
15.
tibia
16.
fibula
17.
tarsals
18.
metatarsals
19.
pelvis or pelvic girdle
20.
Between which two #s would a ball and socket joint occur? (There are 2 places.)
13
&
19
and
4
&
5
21.
Between which two #s would a pivot joint occur?
22.
In the bottom ½ of the body, between which two bones would a hinge joint occur?
(give names not #s)
tibia
&
femur
23.
What two places in the body would you find gliding joints? (Give the bone
names).
carpals
and
tarsals
1
&
2
Key Terms
Use the clues below to identify Key Terms from the chapter. Write the terms on the
lines, putting one letter in each blank. When you finish, the word enclosed in the
diagonal circle will reveal the name of the outermost layer of skin.
Clues
1. Muscles attached to the bones of the skeleton are ________________________ muscles.
2. An opening in the dermis through which perspiration reaches the surface of the skin
3. A place in the body where two bones come together
4. A strong connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone
5. A disease in which some cells in the body divide uncontrollably
6. A soft connective tissue found in the spaces in bone
7. A pigment that gives skin its color
8. A connective tissue that makes up the skeleton that is more flexible than bone
9. ________________________ bone has many small spaces within it.
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