Download Student Science Volcano Project

Student Science Volcano Project
GJones @ Nightingale: . . . . Mon, Jul 29, 4:47PM PST (-0800 GMT)
As part of the Geography & Geology section of the
Ancient Southwest Science section there is a section dealing with volcanoes. In
my science class we covered volcanoes and tied in this section with the unit.
Students constructed the volcanoes, then, one day Mt. Nightingale erupted!
Students loved this unit
and found the information posted by Camp Internet interesting and informative.
GJones at Nightingale: . . . . Sat, Jul 27, 8:49PM PST (-0800 GMT)
1. What is a volcano? Volcanic eruptions are some of
the most violent, spectacular, and awe-inspiring manifestations of nature. Some
volcanoes erupt only once, but others erupt repeatedly. Volcanoes have not only
destroyed but have also created many thousands of square miles of land
surface, both as oceanic islands and on some continents.
Not only are
volcanic lands extensive but also commonly are very fertile, especially in the
tropics. 2. What/where is the Ring of Fire? Tectonic plate boundaries are likely
places from volcanoes to form. The Ring of Fire contains nearly 75 percent of the
world’s active volcanoes on land. The Pacific Ocean has so many volcanoes that
these boundaries together are called the Ring of Fire. Trivia – There are more
active volcano in Indonesia than anywhere else on Earth 130! Perhaps the most
dangerous volcano in called Merapi, or "Mountain of Fire" on the island of Java.
Since 1548, Merapi has erupted violently 68 times. In 1998, it became active
again, and people began to evaluate. When the island of Krakatau, in Indonesia,
exploded in 1883, it caused a shockwave that sped around the world seven
times. The volcano ejected about 18 km¬ of volcanic material into the air. As a
result of the explosion, the volcano collapsed and the island lost 21 km¡ of land.
After the eruption, all that was left was a caldera lying as deep as 275 m below
the ocean. Volcanoes of the world button All volcanoes, whether explosive
or non-explosive,
have deep underground magma (liquid molten rock) chambers.
The magma rises through holes in the Earths crust called vents. Once the
magma flows onto the Earths surface, it is called lava. Magma that erupts as
fragments of molten material that solidify in the air is called pyroclastic material.
Pyroclastic material includes magma and fragments of rock that are blasted into
the air during a violent volcanic eruption.
A
vent or group of vents combined with the buildup of lava or pyroclastic material
on the Earth’s surface is a volcano. 3. What are the different types of volcanoes?
There are three types of volcanoes. Shield volcanoes are built out of layers of
lava from repeated nonexplosive eruptions. Cinder cone volcanoes are small
volcanic cones made entirely of pyroclastic material from moderately explosive
eruptions.
Composite volcanoes are one of the
most common, formed by explosive eruptions of pyroclastic material followed by
quieter outpouring of lava. They are a combination of layers from both types of
eruptions. Types of volcanoes button Convergent boundaries forming volcanoes
button 4. How do volcanologists monitor volcanic disturbances? VolcanoMonitoring Techniques button
GJones @ Nightingale: . . . . Sat, Jul 27, 9:07PM PST (-0800 GMT)
Types of volcanoes button