Download Tri 3 Study Guide 2014

Name _______________________________ Period ____ Date _______________
Final Review Packet
CHAPTER 9: Big Idea- How can you describe an object’s motion?
Describing Motion: Ch.9 Section 1 (pp.338-341)
Notebook items to study: ___________________________
 How do you know if an object is in motion?
__________________________________________________________________________________
 What is a reference point?
__________________________________________________________________________________
Speed and Velocity Ch. 9 Section 2 (pp.342-347)
Notebook items to study: ___________________________
Speed:
 Define speed: ______________________________________________________________________
 Be able to calculate the speed of an object:
o What is the formula for speed:

Be able to calculate average speed:
o What is average speed? ________________________________________________________
o What is the formula for average speed:

What does it mean when an object is said to have a “constant speed”?
__________________________________________________________________________________
To practice calculating speed, use the following notebook pages:

Velocity:
 Define velocity: _____________________________________________________________________
o Changes in velocity may be due to changes in speed, changes in direction, or both.
Graphing Speed:
Acceleration Ch. 9 Section 3 (pp.350-355)
Notebook items to study: ___________________________


Define acceleration: _________________________________________________________________
Describe the three types of acceleration and give an example of each:
Type of acceleration
Description
Example

Be able to determine the acceleration of an object be calculating its change in velocity per unit of time.
o What is the formula for acceleration:
1.
2.
3.
*Look at p.353 in your science book
* To practice calculating acceleration, use the following notebook pages:
Graphing Acceleration:
Chapter 10: Big Idea, What causes an object’s velocity to change?
Ch. 10 Section 1: The Nature of Force (pp.374-377)
 What is a force? ____________________________________________________________________
 The combination of all forces acting on an object is called ___________________________________
o How do you determine the net force when two objects act in the same direction?
___________________________________________________________________________
o How do you determine the net force when two objects act in opposite directions?
____________________________________________________________________________
o What is the result of unbalanced and balanced forces acting on an object?
 Balanced forces: ________________________________________________________
 Unbalanced forces: ______________________________________________________
Ch. 10 Section 2: Friction, Gravity, & Elastic Forces (pp.380-388)
Friction:
 What is friction? ____________________________________________________________________
 Complete the table below:
Kind of friction
Explanation
Example
1.
2.
3.
4.
o Give an example of how you could increase friction intentionally, on purpose?
____________________________________________________________________________
Gravity:
 What is gravity? ____________________________________________________________________
 The force of gravity between objects ____________ with greater mass and _____________ with
greater distance.
*The amount of matter in an object is the object’s _________________________________________.
 What does the law of gravitation state? __________________________________________________
For each set to the left, label which
pair has a larger magnitude, smaller
magnitude, or if the forces are
balanced
Gravity & Weight:
 What is weight? _____________________________________________________________________
 What is the difference between weight and mass?
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
Gravity & Motion
Explanation
Example
Free fall
Air resistance
Projectile
Elastic Forces:
 Compression: ________________________________ Example: ___________________________
 Tension:_____________________________________ Example: ___________________________
Ch. 10 Section 3: Newton’s First & Second Laws (pp.389-392)
Newton’s First Law of Motion:
 Newton’s first law states… ___________________________________________________________
o Examples: ___________________________________________________________________
o Newton’s first law is also called the law of inertia. What is inertia? ______________________
____________________________________________________________________________
 How is mass related to inertia? _______________________________________________
Newton’s Second Law of Motion:
 Newton’s second law states… _________________________________________________________
o What is the formula for determining this relationship?
o Examples: ___________________________________________________________________
5
kg
10 kg
-What direction is the net force acting
on the 5 kg object? ______________
-How could you balance the two
forces on the 10 kg object?
______________________________
-Compare the acceleration of the 5 kg
object with the 10 kg object?
______________________________
-If a third force was applied to the 10
kg object in a downward direction,
how would the acceleration change?
______________________________
Ch. 10 Section 4: Newton’s Third Law (pp.393-399)
Newton’s Third Law of Motion:
 Newton’s third law states… ___________________________________________________________
o Examples: ___________________________________________________________________
o
Momentum:
 What is momentum? _________________________________________________________________
 How can you determine the momentum of a moving object?


What can you do to increase the momentum of an object? ___________________________________
What is the law of conservation of momentum? ___________________________________________
Chapter 11: Big Idea, How can you predict if an object will sink or float in a fluid?
Ch. 11 Section 1: Pressure (pp.416-422)
 What is pressure? __________________________________________________________________
 What does pressure depend on? _______________________________________________________
o The larger the area in which the force is distributed, the _______________ pressure is exerted
(applied)
 Example: ____________________________________________________________
 What is the formula used to calculate pressure?


The SI unit of pressure is the Newton per square meter (N/m2). This unit is also called the _________
Practice: A box exerts a force of 500 N on an area of 4 m2. What is the pressure exerted by the box?
(Show your work)
P = ______________
Fluid Pressure:
 What is a fluid? ____________________________________________________________________
 Explain how pressure is balanced and give an example:
_________________________________________________________________________________
o Example: ___________________________________________________________________
 Use the picture to the right to answer the question below:
A
air
D
o Which letter shows the greatest pressure? ______
B
o Which letter shows the least pressure?
______
C

E
water
Atmospheric Pressure and Elevation:
o As elevation increases, atmospheric pressure ________________.
 Water Pressure and Depth:
o As depth increases, water pressure ___________________.
Measuring Pressure:
 How do you measure pressure? ________________________________________________________
Ch. 11 Section 2: Floating and Sinking (pp.424-429)
Density:
 What is density? ____________________________________________________________________
 By comparing densities, you can predict if an object will sink or float:
o An object that is more dense than the fluid it is in will _________________ (sink or float)
o An object that is less dense than the fluid it is in will __________________ (sink or float)
o An object with a density equal to that of the fluid floats at a ________________________.
 What is the formula used to calculate density?


Practice: A piece of metal has a mass of 43.5 g and a volume of 15 cm3. What is its density?
(Show your work)
D = ______________
Tell whether a piece of plastic with a density of 1.2 g/mL will sink or float in the following liquids:
mercury (13.0 g/ml)________
oil (.98 g/mL)_______
water (1.0g/mL) _______
ethanol (.85g/ml)_______
karo syrup (1.21 g/mL) _______
vinegar (1.17 g/mL)_______
Buoyancy:
 What is buoyancy? _________________________________________________________________
 Explain a buoyant force: _____________________________________________________________
o Explain the direction of the buoyant force on an object: _______________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
o How does the buoyant force affect a submerged object?
____________________________________________________________________________
Container A
Container B
o
When the object was placed in container A, the level of the liquid
rose. Why?
o
What is the direction of the buoyant force acting on each object?
o
Compare the buoyant force on the object in container A to the
weight of the object:
o
Compare the buoyant force on the object in container B to the
weight of the object:
o
The fluids in both containers are the same and the objects are
same size. What does this tell you about the densities of the
objects:
Archimedes’ Principle:
 What is Archimedes’ Principle:
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
o If an object floats, the volume of displaced water is equal to the volume of:
___________________________________________________________________________
o Example: If your body displaces 50 liters of water in a swimming pool, the buoyant force on
you will be equal to the weight of ______ liters of water.