Download Unit 4 Learning Packet

BIOLOGY STUDENT LEARNING PACKET
RIO UNIT:
SC BIO I UP04: Cellular Structure and Function
ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS:
 How do the various cellular organelles differ based on structure and function?
 What are the significant differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
 How do cellular structures and processes help a cell to maintain homeostasis?
 How does the surface area to volume ratio affect a cell’s ability to diffuse materials?
What should you know/be able to do at the end of this unit?
 Explain the structure and function of cell organelles.
 Explain why water is important to cells.
 Identify and explain the processes that allow for the transport of materials into and
out of the cell.
 Investigate and analyze how a cell maintains homeostasis.
 Explain how cells within an organism communicate.
 Investigate and summarize how a cell stores and uses ATP molecules.
 Compare and contrast asexual and sexual reproduction.
 Compare and contrast animal and plant cells.
 Investigate the processes of cell division and be able to recognize cells in the various
stages of division.
KEY VOCABULARY:
 Prokaryotic
 Eukaryotic
 Nucleus
 Mitochondria
 Chloroplast
 Ribosome
 Homeostasis
 Active Transport
 Passive Transport
 pH
 Mitosis
 Meiosis
IMPORTANT CONCEPT(S):
 Cell organelle structure and function
 Passive and active transport
 Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
 The process of cell division
LEARNING OPPORTUNITIES:
 Create a Venn diagram to demonstrate the differences between mitosis and meiosis.
Choose one of the “Five Habits of Mind” to evaluate what you see in the diagram.
 Create a line diagram that illustrates the levels of cellular organization, from cells to
organism.

Create a Venn diagram that illustrates the similarities and differences between plant
and animal cells.
 Investigate and explain the role of receptor proteins and hormones in cell
communication. Choose one of the “Five Habits of Mind” to evaluate how cells
communicate.
 Compare prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Use “Cause and Effect” or
“Hypothesizing” from the “Five Habits of Mind” when forming your answer.
 Investigate and explain how cells regulate temperature, pH and water balance.
 Investigate and explain the various ways a semi-permeable membrane allows
materials to enter and leave the cell.
 Create a visual representation of changes that can occur in a cell that is placed in
solutions of differing concentration.
FIVE HABITS OF MIND
1. Evidence (How do you know that?)
 How do we know what’s true and false?
 What evidence counts?
 How sure can we be?
 What makes it credible to us?
 This includes using the scientific method and more.
2. Viewpoint (Who said it and why?)
 How else might this look if we stepped into other shoes?
 If we were looking at it from a different direction?
 If we had a different history or expectation?
 This requires the exercise of informed “empathy” and imagination.
 It requires flexibility of mind.
3. Cause and Effect (What led to it? What else happened?)
 Connections?
 Is there a pattern?
 Have we seen something like this before?
 What are the possible consequences?
4. Hypothesizing (What if? Suppose that?)
 Could it have been otherwise/
 Supposing that?
 What if…?
 This habit requires use of the imagination as well as knowledge of alternative
possibilities.
 It includes the habits described above.
5. Matter (Who cares?)
 Relevance?
 Does it matter?
LINKS TO RELATED RESOURCES…
WEBSITES, GAMES, LITERATURE, VIDEOS, DOCUMENTARIES
 Click on the Interactive Cell to the left.
http://www.sci.uidaho.edu/bionet/biol115/t2_basics_of_life/lesson04/lesson4_mod2.
htm
 Cells Alive is an interactive exploration of the cell. http://www.cellsalive.com/
 This site allows you to scroll over a cell, identify parts, and explore certain
organelles. http://www.johnkyrk.com/CellIndex.html
 This site has a lot of animations of various processes. Click on any of the following:
concentration gradient, diffusion of water particles, or active transport
http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/teachers/biology/activities.shtml
 This site is has fun, interactive quizzes over the stages of mitosis and meiosis.
http://www.biologyinmotion.com/cell_division/
 Try out this word scramble about cells!
http://www.execulink.com/~ekimmel/ws_cell.htm
SAMPLE TEST QUESTIONS:
1. Which process would include a net movement of sugar molecules through a
membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration?
a. active transport
b. passive transport
c. osmosis
d. diffusion
2. A white blood cell ingests, then digests, a number of bacteria. Which cell organelles
were directly responsible for the digestion of the bacteria?
a. centrioles
b. ribosomes
c. lysosomes
d. mitochondria
3. One difference between plant and animal cells is that animal cells do not have
a. a cell membrane
b. ribosomes
c. mitochondria
d. chloroplasts
4. A student was given a beaker containing distilled water and a separate small beaker
containing a solution of methylene blue. The student was directed to carefully lower
the smaller beaker into the larger beaker. He observed that the methylene blue
began to disperse into the distilled water. Which process was most likely
responsible for the observed changes?
a. pinocytosis
b. diffusion
c. active transport
d. osmosis
5. Which structures are found in every living cell?
a. centrioles and chromosomes
b. cell wall and nucleus
c. chloroplasts and mitochondria
d. plasma membrane and cytoplasm
6. After a cell was treated with a certain chemical, the ribosomes stopped functioning.
Which cell activity was immediately affected by this change in ribosome function?
a. excretion of metabolic wastes
b. protein synthesis
c. intracellular transport
d. aerobic respiration
7. A red blood cell placed in distilled water will swell and burst due to the diffusion of
a. salt from the red blood cell into the water
b. salt from the water into the red blood cell
c. water from the environment into the red blood cell
d. water from the red blood cell into its environment
8. Microscopic examination of an animal cell reveals the presence of plasma
membrane but not cell wall. Which additional structures would normally be present
within this cell?
a. starch grains
b. a large vacuole
c. centrioles
d. chloroplasts
9. Which of the following is found only in eukaryotic cells?
a. cell membrane
b. mitochondria
c. cytoplasm
d. DNA
10. Which molecule will most likely diffuse through a cell membrane?
a. starch
b. protein
c. water
d. DNA
Answers to SCI BIO I UP04 sample test questions:
1. A
2. C
3. D
4. B
5. D
6. B
7. C
8. C
9. B
10. C