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Name: ___________________________ Block: ____________ Science 9 – Ch. 3 Sexual Reproduction Section 3.3 Methods of Sexual reproduction. A. CONJUGATION: - Some organisms that can reproduce asexually can reproduce sexually by conjugation - Occurs : _________________________________________________________________ - conjugation _______________________________________________________________ - Increases diversity in unicellular organisms Explains why some bacteria become resistant to antibiotics? e.g. E. coli. Bacteria ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________. B. HERMAPHRODITES: ________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ - Occurs in organisms that have little or no contact with other organisms of the same species - Can reproduce when it comes across another organism of the same species E.g. __________________________ - cannot fertilize themselves. - send their sperm into the water, so they do not self fertilize. - will inject its sperm into another barnacle so they do not self fertilize. Flowering Plants - _________________________________________________________________________. - Stamen: _________________________________________________________________ Anther – ______________________________________________________________________ Filament – ____________________________________________________________________ Pollen – _______________________________________________________________________. Pistil: ______________________________________________________ - Stigma – ___________________________________ - Ovary – ____________________________________________________________ Petals: ____________________________________________________________________________ Pollination: ________________________________________________________________________ Sepals: ___________________________________________________________________________ Types of reproduction in flowering plants: a) Pollination: is the process by which pollen is transferred in the reproduction of plants, thereby enabling fertilization and sexual reproduction. - Pollination methods: Wind, insects, birds, mammals. b) Cross pollination: _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ c) Self-pollination: d) Fertilization: C. SEPARATE SEXES: _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ - Some plants will produce separate male and female parts. - Some plants will have only male or female parts. - Animals with separate sex organs reproduce one of two ways a) External Fertilization - Fertilization occurs in the environment, out of the body. b) Internal Fertilization Many aquatic animals reproduce this way. - Fertilization of the egg occurs within the female. - Some aquatic animals such as shark, and most terrestrial animals Conjugation conjugation happens hermaphrodites example of hermaphrodites stamen male stamen is made of pollen pistil stigma ovary petals sepals pollination pollination could be by self pollination external fertilization internal fertilization 2 unicellular organisms exchange genetic material in bacteria and protists produce both male and female sex cells earthworms, sponges, barnacles reproductive structure in plants filament and anther (produces pollen) contain the male gametes female reproductive system in plants sticky part at the top of the pistil part of the plan where has the eggs color part of the plants in the flower leaf like parts that protect the flower process to move the pollen to the female parts of the plant wind, insects, birds, mammals the flower pollinates other flower in the same plant sperm joins the egg outside the body fertilization inside the body of the female
