Download final exam review sheet

Name__________________________________________________ Per___________
Biology Spring Semester 2016 - Final Exam review Questions. This will be collected the day
of the final. Answer each of the following on your binder paper. You are allowed to use 3
sheets of paper to answer these objectives.
GENETICS CHP 5,6,7
1. Who was Gregor Mendel? Explain his law of segregation and independent assortment.
2. Show the cross between a heterozygous green plant and a yellow plant. Give the phenotype
and genotype ratio.
3. Show the cross between a homozygous running, heterozygous black mouse with a
heterozygous running, brown mouse. Give the parental genotypes and the phenotype ratio.
4. Draw a haploid human cell. Draw a diploid human cell.
5. List the 8 phases of meiosis, in order. Circle and label the phase in which crossing over occurs
6. Draw a picture of crossing over.
7. What are 3 differences between mitosis and meiosis.
8. Define codomiance. Show the cross between a person who is heterozygous blood type A with a
person who is blood type AB.
9. Define incomplete dominance. Show the cross between a person with curly hair and wavy hair.
Give the phenotype ratio.
10. Explain why sex linked traits appear mostly in boys and not girls.
11. Define Karyotype and explain what they are used for.
12. What is a nondisjunction? Explain how Down Syndrome is an example of this.
13. Draw a pedigree of the following and label it with the proper alleles
There is 1 married couple in generation I.
This married couple has 4 children.
There two oldest are girls followed by one boy and one girl.
The boy is infected with hemophilia.
The first and last daughter are married.
The first daughter has 3 kids. Her eldest is a girl followed by two boys.
This daughters middle child has hemophilia.
The last daughter married a man with hemophilia.
This daughter has two girls.
This disease is Sex-linked recessive. Label the pedigree with the alleles H, h.
BIOTECHNOLOGY- CHAPTER 9
1. Draw a sample DNA gel, label the + and – ends, circle the largest and smallest bands.
2. What is a clone? Give an example other than dolly the sheep.
3. What are restriction enzymes and what do they do?
4. Draw a sticky end restriction enzyme cut and explain how it is useful in genetic engineering.
5. What is a plasmid? Draw the plasmid used in our FP lab.
6. Explain the transformation of rFP lab by drawing the plates we used and explaining what you
expect to see on each plate and why.
EVOLUTION – CHAPTERS 10-11
1. How do variations affect evolution?
2. What is the difference between natural selection and artificial selection?
3. What does natural selection act on and give an example.
4. Explain how the pocket mouse is an example of natural selection.
5. How do embryos show evidence for evolution?
6. Draw homologues structures and explain how they are evidence for evolution.
7. Give an example of how geographic isolation creates a new species.
8. Explain how the bird beaks lab demonstrates natural selection.
9. How are gene pools affected by evolution? (hint look at fishy frequencies lab)
10. What are the 2 processes that lead to inherited variation?
HUMAN BODY (Chapters 28-33)
1. What is homeostasis?
2. Give an example of a negative feedback loop and explain how it maintains homeostasis.
3. What are the 2 main divisions of the nervous system and what structures make each division?
4. Give an example of a stimulus that might cause a reflex. What types of neurons are involved
in the reflex?
5. What is the function of the endocrine system? Which gland is the master endocrine gland?
6. _______ estrogen
7._______ insulin
8._______ human growth hormone
9._______ ADH
10._______ MSH
11._______ glucagon
a. stimulates growth of the uterine lining
b. increases blood sugar
c. helps the kidney retain water
d. lowers blood sugar
e. stimulates growth of muscle and bone
f. stimulates melanocytes to produce melanin
12. How does the body get oxygen and rid itself of carbon dioxide? Be specific as to where this
process takes place.
13. List the components of blood.
14. Draw and label a box heart and use arrows to show the flow of blood through the heart.
Indicate which chambers of the heart are responsible for pulmonary and systemic circulation.
15. Describe the difference between arteries, veins, and capillaries.
16. What are the main parts and functions of the respiratory tract?
17. What is the functional unit of the kidney and what does it do? Where is the waste that is
created stored?
18. What are the main components of the digestive tract, and where are nutrients absorbed?
19. How does the muscular system aid the digestive system in moving materials through the
digestive tract?