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The layer of the sun that radiates most of the light that reaches Earth is the ____. Sunspots appear dark because they are ____. Where are stars born? photosphere relatively cool nebula The outermost layer of the sun is called the ____. Nuclear fusion combines hydrogen atoms into ____. What is the name of a newly born star? corona helium protostar Which part of the sun lies directly above the visible “surface” of the sun and gives the sun its color? The source of the sun’s energy is ____. What is the name of a dead star that no longer gives off light? chromosphere nuclear fusion black dwarf donnayoung.org What is the name of an adult star? What is the name of an old aged star that has become unstable? Stars of which color have the coolest surface temperature? main sequence star variable star red What is the name of a dying star that has shrunk down to the size of a planet and no longer supports fusion? The sun’s surface is made up mostly of ____. Which magnitude would be associated with the brightest star? A. 15 C. 5 B. 10 D. –5 white dwarf hydrogen –5 What is the name of a middle aged star? Stars of which color have the highest surface temperature? A Hertzsprung-Russell (H-R) diagram shows the relationship between ____. red giant blue temperature and luminosity donnayoung.org About 90 percent of stars on the HR diagram are ____. Which force is most responsible for the formation of a star? All stars, regardless of size, eventually ____. main-sequence stars gravity run out of fuel and collapse Another name for the interstellar matter that will eventually form a star is ____. In the Milky Way, the most abundant gas is ____ which is also the element that fuses first to make a star. In the cores of extremely hot red giants, nuclear reactions fuse elements down to ____ on the periodic table. nebula hydrogen iron A star is said to be born when ____. Massive stars terminate in a brilliant explosion called a ____. Before being engulfed, matter that is pulled into a black hole should become very hot and emit ____. a protostar reaches a temperature high enough for nuclear fusion to begin supernova X-rays donnayoung.org When a main-sequence star has exhausted the fuel in its core and it expands, it becomes a ____. What will be the final stage in the sun’s life cycle? Where is our sun located in the Milky Way? red giant black dwarf within one of the spiral arms The sun is a ____. Light cannot escape the intense gravitational pull of a ____. What are the types of galaxies? main-sequence star black hole spiral Irregular elliptical What is the next stage in the sun’s life cycle? Our galaxy is called the ____. Nuclear fusion takes place in the sun’s ________? red giant Milky Way core donnayoung.org The number of sunspots on the sun varies in a cycle of ________ years. 11 donnayoung.org