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Transcript
Name ____________________________ Date ____________________ Class _____________ Introducing Earth Chapter Test A Multiple Choice Write the letter of the correct answer on the line at the left. ______ 1. The energy that drives Earth’s system has two main sources. There are: a. Heat from Sun and Moon c. Heat from Sun and Core b. Heat from Sun and Weather d. Heat from Core and Biosphere ______ 2. Holes drilled several kilometers into Earth’s crust provide direct evidence about Earth’s interior in the form of a. seismic waves. c. liquid iron. b. rock samples. d. volcanic eruption. ______ 3. What is the correct order (starting from the surface) of Earth’s layers? a. crust, outer core, inner core, mantle b. mantle, outer core, inner core, crust c. crust, mantle, outer core, inner core d. outer core, inner core, crust, mantle ______ 4. The transfer of energy through rays is called a. conduction. c. radiation. b. convection. d. subduction. ______ 5. Using data from seismic waves, geologists have learned that Earth’s interior is made up of several a. continents. c. ridges. b. layers. d. trenches. ______ 6. Which of Earth’s layers is the thickest? a. the crust c. the outer core b. the mantle d. the inner core ______ 7. Which part of Earth contains most of its mass? a. the biosphere c. the atmosphere b. the hydrosphere d. the geosphere ______ 8. Earth’s inner core is a. a dense ball of solid metal. b. a layer of molten metal. c. a layer of hot rock. d. a layer of rock that forms Earth’s outer skin. 1 Chapter Tests © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Name ____________________________ Date ____________________ Class _____________ Introducing Earth (continued) ______ 9. Particles of hot soup rise slowly in a pot simmering on a stove. As the hot soup nears the surface, it begins to cool. The cooler soup sinks, forming a constant movement of soup that moves energy toward the surface of the pot. This constant movement of the soup in the pot is called a(n) a. magnetic field. c. convection current. b. energy system. d. conduction loop. ______ 10. Which part of Earth contains plates? a. hydrosphere b. atmosphere c. core d. lithosphere Completion Fill in the line to complete each statement. 12. In the mantle, heat is transferred as soft rock flows slowly in cycles known as _________________________. 13. When you touch a hot plate, the transfer of heat from the plate to your hand is called ____________________. 14. Geologists learn about Earth’s interior by studying _________________________, which move through Earth. 15. Scientists think that the ____________________, made of liquid iron and nickel, moves to produce Earth’s magnetic field. True or False If the statement is true, write true. If it is false, change the underlined word or words to make the statement true. ____________ 16. The upper layer of Earth is broken into more than a dozen continents that move very slowly in various directions. ____________ 17. Mantle material rises in convection currents because heated materials become more dense. ____________ 18. Earth’s weather is the thin envelope of gases that surrounds Earth. ____________ 19. To study Earth’s interior; geologists often rely on indirect methods, such as evidence from fossils. ____________ 20. The outermost layer of Earth is called the mantle. 2 Chapter Tests © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Name ____________________________ Date ____________________ Class _____________ Introducing Earth (continued) Using Science Skills Use the figure below to answer the following questions in the spaces provided. 21. Based on the diagram, describe one of the major differences between oceanic crust and continental crust. ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ 22. Which layer of Earth is made up partly of crust and partly of mantle material? ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ 23. The asthenosphere is part of which layer of Earth? ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ 24. Pressure increases with depth toward the center of Earth. In which layer would you expect pressure to be the greatest? ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ 3 Chapter Tests © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Name ____________________________ Date ____________________ Class _____________ Introducing Earth (continued) Essay Write an answer for each of the following questions in the spaces provided. 25. Describe one example of how the geosphere and hydrosphere interact. ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ 26. Explain the difference between radiation, conduction, and convection. ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ 27. Explain how heat is transferred inside Earth through convection currents. ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ 4 Chapter Tests © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
