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Chapter 14 Speciation and Evolution Learning Outcomes After studying this chapter, you should be able to accomplish the following outcomes. Hybrid Animals Do Exist 1. Define a hybrid, and tell why they do not usually occur in the wild. Evolution of Diversity Requires Speciation 2. Compare and contrast the evolutionary species concept with the biological species concept. 3. List and give examples of five prezygotic isolating mechanisms and three postzygotic isolating mechanisms. Origin of Species Usually Requires Geographic Separation 4. Describe and give examples of allopatric speciation. 5. Describe and give examples of adaptive radiation. Origin of Species Can Occur in One Place 6. Relate sympatric speciation in plants to polyploidy. 7. Distinguish between autoploidy and alloploidy. 8. Explain the term allotetraploid with reference to Zea mays. The Fossil Record Shows Both Gradual and Rapid Speciation 9. Compare and contrast the gradualistic model of speciation with the punctuated equilibrium model. 10. Use the fossil diversity of the Burgess Shale to support the punctuated equilibrium model. Developmental Genes Provide a Mechanism for Rapid Speciation 11. Explain how differential gene expression relates to speciation. Speciation Is Not Goal-Oriented 12. Use the evolution of the horse to show that evolution is not goal-oriented.
