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These citations are from the QUAKELINE® database and the Earthquakes and the Built Environment Index on CD-ROM. The QUAKELINE database is developed and maintained by the Multidisciplinary Center for Earthquake Engineering Research (MCEER), SUNY at Buffalo. Begun in 1987, the database currently includes over 35,000 records. QUAKELINE is updated on a monthly basis. An effort is made to exclude from the QUAKELINE database those items that are covered in the NTIS, COMPENDEX, and GeoRef databases. QUAKELINE is a registered trademark of The Research Foundation of the State University of New York. The QUAKELINE database is copyrighted by The Research Foundation of the State University of New York. All rights reserved. EBEI is a cooperative effort of the Multidisciplinary Center for Earthquake Engineering Research (MCEER) at SUNY at Buffalo, the Earthquake Engineering Research Center (EERC) at U/C Berkeley, and the Newcastle Earthquake Project in Australia. It includes the QUAKELINE* database produced at MCEER and also the Earthquake Engineering Abstracts database produced by U/C Berkeley's Center, in addition to the Newcastle Earthquake Database. Also included on EBEI are records for the book collections of MCEER and EERC. EBEI contains a total of 100,000 citations. EBEI is updated twice a year. To reduce duplication, this search may be a combination of a QUAKELINE search followed by an EBEI search, in which case the EBEI records will not include any QUAKELINE records. In order to supply a comprehensive listing on this topic, other databases may have been consulted and included as a part of this computersearch. These databases may be copyrighted and permission might be required for their use. Use of the citations in this computersearch for purposes other than for non-profit research or education is forbidden. All items cited in the QUAKELINE database are available in the collection of the MCEER Information Service. To obtain materials, or for information on QUAKELINE or on earthquake hazards mitigation, contact the MCEER Information Service: Email: Telephone Mail: [email protected] (716) 645-3377 Fax: (716) 645-3379 MCEER Information Service c/o Science and Engineering Library 304 Capen Hall SUNY at Buffalo Buffalo, NY 14260 _______________ * Registered in the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office FULL-SCALE TESTING OF BUILDINGS : WIND LOADS Computer search in the QUAKELINE® Database (22 records); Earthquakes and the Built Environment Index (EBEI) on CD-ROM (13 records) Performed by S. Salisbury February 2003 QUAKELINE DATABASE 1987 - FEBRUARY 2003 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 AN AU TI SO LO NU NT ID AB AN AU TI SO LO NT ID AB AN AU _:WIND ADJ LOAD$3 _:WIND ADJ ENGINEERING _:2 OR 1 _:(FULL ADJ SCALE) AND TEST$3 _:3 AND 4 _:HOUS$3 OR BUILDING$1 _:5 AND 6 393 101 456 776 29 12728 22 docs docs docs docs docs docs docs Document 1 of 22 1997-0804. Soong, T T. Reinhorn, A M. Aizawa, S. Higashino, M. RECENT STRUCTURAL APPLICATIONS OF ACTIVE CONTROL TECHNOLOGY. Proceedings [of] the 10th European Conference on Earthquake Engineering; Vienna, Austria, 28 August - 2 September 1994. Duma, Gerald, ed. A A Balkema, Rotterdam, 1995, volume 4, pages 2801-2806. SEL TA654.6.E955 1994 v.4. EERC 400/E92/1994/v.4. ISBN: 90-5410-532-1. 90-5410-528-3. EERC: EEA-265506. 4 references. Diagrams, graphs, table. Research supported by the National Center for Earthquake Engineering Research, the Takenaka Corporation, Kayabe Industries, and MTS Systems Corporation. Tenth European Conference on Earthquake Engineering. 10ECEE. Structural control. Japan. Full scale tests. Wind loads. Damping devices. Steel frames. Active control. Active bracing systems. Active mass dampers. Multistory buildings. Hybrid mass dampers. Dynamic response. Seismic loads. Sendagaya INTES building, Osaka. Hankyu Chayamachi building, Osaka. A number of active control systems have been developed, fabricated and installed in full-scale structures and subjected to actual wind forces and ground motions. This paper focuses on the observed response of several of these systems. They include an active bracing system and an active mass damper system installed in a six-story experimental building, and two hybrid mass damper systems installed in two actual buildings. The configurations of these systems are summarized together with their performance characteristics. (Adapted from authors' abstract). Document 2 of 22 1996-1726. Kousaka, Ryuichi. Tamura, Yukio. PRACTICAL APPLICATION OF TUNED LIQUID DAMPER FOR HANEDA AIRPORT TOWER. Proceedings of [the] Symposium on a New Direction in Seismic Design; Tokyo, 9-10 October 1995. Publisher, place of publication unknown, [1995], pages 333-336. SEL TA654.6.S92 1995. 2 references. Tables, graphs, diagrams. Publication date is estimated. Tuned liquid dampers. Airport towers. Tokyo International Airport, Haneda. Japan. Wind loads. Vibration control. The airport tower erected at the Tokyo International Airport, Haneda, is a steel tower with maximum height of approximately 78 m. A tuned liquid damper was installed in this tower as a vibration control device. To confirm its effectiveness free vibration tests and full-scale measurement of wind-induced vibrations were carried out from August 12, 1992 to January 31, 1993 before it was installed and from February 11, 1993, to September 30, 1993, after it was installed. The authors discuss the tower and the tests. (Abstract adapted from text). Document 3 of 22 1995-2033. Nielsen, E J. Lai, M L. Soong, T T. Kelly, J M. TI SO LO NU NT ID AB AN AU TI SO LO NU NT ID AB AN AU TI VISCOELASTIC DAMPER OVERVIEW FOR SEISMIC AND WIND APPLICATIONS. Proceedings [of the] First World Conference on Structural Control; Los Angeles, 3-5 August 1994. Housner, G W, et al, eds. International Association for Structural Control, Los Angeles, 1994, volume 3, pages FP3-42--FP3-51. SEL TA654.9.W67 1994 v.3. ISBN: 0-9628908-3-9. 15 references. Photographs, graphs, diagrams. Conference organized by US Panel on Structural Control Research and Japan Panel on Structural Response Control. 1st World Conference on Structural Control. 1WCSC. Availability refers to entire volume not individual papers. Earthquake resistant design. Viscoelastic (VE) dampers. Seismic loads. Wind loads. Twin World Trade Center Towers. Columbia SeaFirst Building. Two Union Square Building. Chien-Tan railroad station. Shaking table tests. Steel structures. Concrete structures. Passive energy dissipation. Multistory buildings. Wind resistant design. Viscoelastic (VE) dampers were first utilized in the Twin World Trade Center Towers in New York City for wind induced building sway in 1969. In the 1980's, the Columbia SeaFirst and Two Union Square Buildings in Seattle utilized dampers for wind. In 1994 the Chien-Tan railroad station roof in Taipei, Taiwan utilized VE dampers to reduce wind induced vibrations. Recent seismic studies at several universities have demonstrated the benefits of VE dampers for steel and concrete structures. Full scale VE damper dynamic testing has met peer review requirements for retrofit installation of a 13 story steel moment frame building in Santa Clara County in 1994. The results of university testing and building application installations are reviewed in this paper. (Authors' abstract). Document 4 of 22 1995-1611. Mukai, Yoichi. Tachibana, Eizaburo. Inoue, Yutaka. EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF ACTIVE FIN SYSTEM FOR WIND-INDUCED STRUCTURAL VIBRATIONS. Proceedings [of the] First World Conference on Structural Control; Los Angeles, 3-5 August 1994. Housner, G W, et al, eds. International Association for Structural Control, Los Angeles, 1994, volume 1, pages WP2-52--WP2-61. SEL TA654.9.W67 1994 v.1. ISBN: 0-9628908-3-9. 5 references. Diagrams, graphs, tables, photographs. Appendix. Research partially supported by Penta-Ocean Construction Co, Ltd. Conference organized by US Panel on Structural Control Research and Japan Panel on Structural Response Control. 1st World Conference on Structural Control. 1WCSC. Availability refers to entire volume not to individual papers. Active control. Active fin systems. Wind structural vibrations. Wind tunnel tests. Full scale models. Wind loads. Structural response control. Various types of active control systems have been proposed in order to reduce wind-induced structural variations. The objectives of this control is to increase structural safety from some distorting damages while limiting the amplitude of building motion to within the range of the occupants' sense of safety. An active fin system has been proposed by authors, and from the preliminary experimental tests, it has been assured that this system is considerably effective for reducing wind-induced structural vibrations. In this paper, more practical investigations for the active fin system are executed in both wind tunnel tests and natural wind tests. The active fin adopted here is an up-to-date control device designed as installing to practical structures. The basic concept for developing this device is to aim to control structural response effectively for all directions on a horizontal plane. From wind tunnel tests, three issues are discussed: 1) Estimation for practical control forces supplied by the active fin; 2) Construction of effective control algorithms for the active fin system; 3) Examination of control effects by using the active fin. Next, those results are applied to the natural wind tests. Two-dimensional active control tests are executed for the full-scale active fin under practical strong wind. (Abstract adapted from text). Document 5 of 22 1993-3412. Popov, E P. Ricles, J M. Kasai, K. METHODOLOGY FOR OPTIMUM EBF LINK DESIGN. SO LO NU NT ID AB AN AU TI SO LO NU NT ID AB AN AU TI SO LO NU NT ID AB Proceedings of the Tenth World Conference on Earthquake Engineering; Madrid, 19-24 July 1992. A A Balkema, Rotterdam, 1992, volume 7, pages 3983-3988. SEL TA654.6.W67 10th v.7. EERC 400/W66/1992/v.7. ISBN: 90-5410-060-5. 90-5410-067-2. EERC: EEA-224368. 13 references. Diagrams, graphs. Research supported by the National Science Foundation and the American Institute of Steel Construction. 10 WCEE, also 10WCEE. Eccentric bracing. Nonlinear response. Braced frames. Strength. Deformation. Office buildings. Shear links. Multistory frames. Tall buildings. Story drift. Building codes. Multistory buildings. Dynamic response. Seismic loads. Wind loads. Full scale tests. Eccentrically braced frames (EBFs) designed improperly can develop undesirable large inelastic link deformations where energy is dissipated at only a few floors. This unsatisfactory behavior can be caused by ill proportioning of the links. Cases drawn from both analytical and experimental studies are discussed to illustrate the unacceptable seismic behavior in EBFs with incorrectly proportioned links. A design procedure for avoiding such behavior, which illustrates a correct selection of links and the corresponding behavior of the EBFs, is explained. Primary emphasis is placed on the link strength distribution along the height of the EBF and its desirable effect on inelastic link deformations throughout the structure. (Adapted from authors' abstract). Document 6 of 22 1993-1505. Asami, Yutaka. Kimura, Toshihiko. WIND INDUCED VIBRATION OF MONUMENTAL ART TOWER, MITO. Proceedings of [the] Fourth US-Japan Workshop on the Improvement of Building Structural Design and Construction Practices; Kailu-Kona, Hawaii, August 27-29, 1990. Applied Technology Council, Redwood City, CA, 1992, pages 329-348. SEL TA658.44.U174 1990. REPORT: ATC-15-3. 4 references. Graphs, tables, diagrams, photograph. Availability refers to entire proceedings and not to individual papers. Wind loads. Art Tower Mito, Mito City, Japan. Wind tunnel tests. Design wind speed. Model tests. Free vibration tests. Aerodynamic force tests. Full scale tests. Irregular buildings. Art Tower Mito is a monument built in Mito City, Japan. The tower is a twisted triangular prism and can be classified as an irregular building. Structural details of the tower are provided along with design wind speed as specified in the Recommendation for Loading in Buildings and Its Commentary (Architectural Institute of Japan). Meteorological wind data for the site and the results of wind tunnel tests on a model of the tower are described. Measurements of wind induced vibration on the actual tower are compared with the model test results. Document 7 of 22 1993-0341. Tanabe, T. Ebara, Y. Matutani, T. Ono, T. Yokoyama, H. Yamada, Y. Fujii, A. Tada, H. Takayama, M. EXPERIMENTS OF BASE ISOLATION WITH FULL-SCALE BUILDING. Proceedings of the Tenth World Conference on Earthquake Engineering; Madrid, 19-24 July 1992. A A Balkema, Rotterdam, 1992, volume 4, pages 2479-2484. SEL TA654.6.W67 10th v.4. EERC 400/W66/1992/v.4. ISBN: 90-5410-060-5. 90-5410-064-8. Graphs, Tables, diagrams. 10 WCEE, also 10WCEE. Base isolated buildings. Static load tests. Forced vibration tests. Restoring force characteristics. Reinforced concrete buildings. Apartment buildings. Dynamic response. Seismic loads. Wind loads. Low rise buildings. The authors investigate a base isolated building to determine its reliability, safety, and habitability. The structure is a two story reinforced concrete apartment building with laminated rubber bearings, steel bar dampers and lead dampers. Static load tests and forced vibration tests were conducted to determine the validity of the designed values and the system's reliability. The effects of seismic loads and wind loads are discussed to evaluate the restoring force characteristics. (Abstract adapted from text). Document 8 of 22 AN AU TI PB LO NU NT ID AB AN AU TI SO LO NU NT ID AB AN AU TI SO LO NU NT 1992-2798. Cook, N J. DESIGNER'S GUIDE TO WIND LOADING OF BUILDING STRUCTURES, PART 2: STATIC STRUCTURES. Butterworths, London, 1990. SEL TH891.C66 1985 pt.2. ISBN: 0-408-00871-7. 586 pages. 401 references. Tables, diagrams, graphs, photographs. Series: Building Research Establishment Report. Wind engineering. Static structures. Building codes. Loading coefficients. Wind tunnel tests. Probabilistic methods. Internal pressure. Load path. Structural fatigue. Structural design. Design load. United Kingdom. Great Britain. Wind resistant design. This volume, which brings together the work of the Building Research Establishment for use in the design of static structures continues Part I (published in 1985) and opens with a discussion of the characteristics of static structures. Assessment methods are presented with reference to load coefficients, local and global coefficients, and coefficients for pressure, shear stress, force, and moment. Included in the discussion are dynamic amplification factors and peak and extreme factors. Measures of load data are presented in connection with full and scale model tests and wind speed and wind tunnel tests. A chapter reviews building codes including specialized United Kingdom codes and Engineering Society Data Unit (ESDU) data items. Line like, lattice and plate structures are discussed and also curved, flat faced, combination, and complex bluff structures. Aspects of internal pressure are presented. Special features of groups of buildings are described and also load paths, load avoidance and reduction, air supported structures, and fatigue. A final chapter presents design loading coefficient data. Appendices contain nomenclature used, models and examples for design use. The title of Part 1 is: Background, Damage Survey, Wind Data and Structural Classification. Document 9 of 22 1992-2389. Stewart, Andrew H. Goodman, James R. Kliewer, Aron. Salsbury, Edward M. FULL-SCALE TESTS OF MANUFACTURED HOUSES UNDER SIMULATED WIND LOADS. Proceedings of the 1988 International Conference on Timber Engineering: Proceedings of the International Conference on Timber Engineering; Seattle, Washington, September 19-22, 1988. Itani, Rafik Y, ed. Forest Products Research Society, Madison, WI, 1988, volume 2, pages 97-111. SEL TA666.I55 1988 v.2. ISBN: 0-935018-42-5. 2 references. Diagrams, graphs, photographs. Prefabricated houses. Wind resistant design. Full scale tests. Lateral loads. Wall stiffness. Racking deflection. Lateral deflection. Concentrated loads. Uniform loads. The research focuses on the behavior of two manufactured houses under simulated wind loads. Extensive instrumentation was employed to insure the collection of data that would enable the determination of the influence of interior wall arrangements. Both concentrated and uniform lateral loads were applied to the test structures. The concentrated loads were applied at transverse (shear) wall locations, one load at a time, to evaluate the in-place stiffness of the loaded wall in relation to the other walls. Uniform lateral loading to simulate wind load was cycled up to loads of approximately 25 psf. Finally, as much as 75 psf lateral pressure was applied in an attempt to fail the units via racking (lateral) deflection of the shear walls. The results of the tests and the analyses of the system behavior are reported. The implications of the results for current and future design procedures are discussed. (Authors' abstract). Document 10 of 22 1992-2387. Boughton, Geoffrey N. FULL SCALE STRUCTURAL TESTING OF HOUSES UNDER CYCLONIC WIND LOADS. Proceedings of the 1988 International Conference on Timber Engineering: Proceedings of the International Conference on Timber Engineering; Seattle, Washington, September 19-22, 1988. Itani, Rafik Y, ed. Forest Products Research Society, Madison, WI, 1988, volume 2, pages 82-88. SEL TA666.I55 1988 v.2. ISBN: 0-935018-42-5. 14 references. Diagrams. ID AB AN AU TI SO LO NU NT ID AB AN AU TI SO LO NU NT ID AB Full scale models. Cyclones. Wind loads. Static lateral loads. Load transfer paths. Uplift. Damage. Deflection. Data reduction. Load spreading. A method to determine the response of full scale houses to cyclonic wind loads is presented. It entails the use of hydraulically actuated rams to apply simulated wind loads. The test method uses: 1) static non-destructive lateral loads to determine load transfer paths within the structure; 2) cyclic uplift and lateral loads to determine the susceptibility of components to deterioration or fatigue under repeated loading; and 3) overload to failure for comparison with equivalent laboratory tests. Throughout the tests, the applied loads and resulting deflections were monitored to facilitate the structural analysis and interpretation of the data. This paper critically examines the test method and indicates areas in which further improvements can be made. (Author's abstract). Document 11 of 22 1992-2382. Reardon, Greg F. EFFECTS OF NON-STRUCTURAL CLADDING ON TIMBER FRAMED HOUSE CONSTRUCTION. Proceedings of the 1988 International Conference on Timber Engineering: Proceedings of the International Conference on Timber Engineering; Seattle, Washington, September 19-22, 1988. Itani, Rafik Y, ed. Forest Products Research Society, Madison, WI, 1988, volume 2, pages 276-281. SEL TA666.I55 1988 v.2. ISBN: 0-935018-42-5. 8 references. Graphs. Research supported by the Australian Uniform Building Regulations Coordinating Council, the Utah Foundation, and the Australian Timber Research Institute. Lining materials. Gypsum plasterboard. Wind loads. Brick veneer. Diagonal bracing. Lateral bracing. Ceilings. Roofing material. Wood frame buildings. Racking resistance. Diaphragms. Cladding. Nonstructural components. Laboratory tests have shown that conventional internal lining materials, when fastened according to engineering specifications, can be used as a bracing medium against horizontal wind forces. The bracing strength of gypsum plasterboard is approximately proportional to the length of the wall, but there is only an 85 percent gain in cladding two faces rather than one. Tests on a full scale brick veneer house have shown that even nominally non-structural walls have the capacity to brace the structure more efficiently than conventional diagonal bracing. The tests demonstrate that ceilings and roofing material also provide lateral bracing. In some instances the brick skin can provide racking resistance but there was no evidence of racking force transfer between the brickwork and the timber frame to which it was attached. (Author's abstract). Document 12 of 22 1992-2009. Wang, C Y. Gvildys, J. SEISMIC RESPONSE CHARACTERISTICS OF FULL-SIZE BUILDINGS WITH BASE ISOLATION SYSTEM. Seismic, Shock and Vibration Isolation: Papers Presented at the 1991 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference; San Diego, June 23-27, 1991. Chung, Howard H, ed. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, New York, 1991, pages 21-30. SEL TA654.6.S4534 1991. GRANT: NSF CES-8800871. 7 references. Graphs, diagrams. Research supported by the National Science Foundation. Seismic response analysis. Base isolated buildings. Reinforced concrete buildings. Numerical simulation. Full scale tests. Sendai, Japan Test Facility. This paper investigates the response characteristics of full-size reinforced concrete buildings via numerical simulations and actual observations. The test facility consists of two identical three-story buildings constructed side by side at Tohoku University in Sendai, Japan. Since the installation of high-damping isolation bearings in April 1989, data from over twenty earthquakes have been recorded. In this paper, three representative earthquake records are used to study the detailed response characteristics. Numerical simulations are carried out with the system response program, SISEC. Results indicate that the advantage of the isolation system for small earthquakes is insignificant. For relatively large earthquake motion, however, the effect of isolators in mitigating the acceleration response becomes more pronounced. Both analysis and observation demonstrate that the isolation system installed in the Sendai Building is very effective; stiff enough to prevent building displacement under minor earthquakes and wind loads, yet capable of reducing the acceleration response during moderate and strong ground motion. (Authors' abstract). AN AU TI SO LO NU NT ID AB AN AU TI SO LO NU NT ID AB AN AU TI SO LO NT ID AB Document 13 of 22 1992-0122. Murota, Tatsuo. Yasumura, Motoi. FULL SCALE TEST ON A THREE-STORIED WOOD-FRAMED BUILDING. Wind and Seismic Effects: Proceedings of the 21st Joint Meeting of the US-Japan Cooperative Program in Natural Resources, Panel on Wind and Seismic Effects; Public Works Research Institute, Tsukuba, Japan, May 16-19, 1989. Raufaste, Noel J, ed. National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, 1990, pages 213-226. SEL TA654.5.J64 1989. REPORT: NIST-SP-776. NTIS: PB90-186826. 4 references. Graphs, tables, diagrams. Twenty-first Joint Meeting of the US-Japan Cooperative Program in Natural Resources Panel on Wind and Seismic Effects. Availability refers to entire proceedings and not to individual papers. Series: National Institute of Standards and Technology Special Publication 776. Wood frame houses. Shear walls. Diaphragms. Full scale tests. Seismic loads. Wind loads. Three story buildings. Dynamic response. Failure modes. Forced vibration tests. Lateral loads. In this paper, a full-scale, three story, wood frame building was subjected to lateral loads to investigate the response to seismic and wind loads. The influence of the shear stiffness of a diaphragm and that of a bearing wall perpendicular to the load direction are investigated. The experimental results are compared to those calculated from the finite element model, the frame model, and also on Tuomi's model based on the load-slip relations of a nail joint. The applicability of these calculation methods to the design procedure is also discussed. (Adapted from authors' abstract). Document 14 of 22 1991-2046. Porter, Max L. Sabri, Aziz A. DIAPHRAGM FLOOR RESEARCH FOR MASONRY BUILDINGS. Proceedings (of the) Fifth North American Masonry Conference; University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, June 3-6, 1990. [The Masonry Society, Boulder, CO], 1990, volume 1, pages 105-117. SEL TA670.N67 1990 v.1. ISBN: 0-9626074-0-1. 7 references. Tables, graphs. Floor diaphragms. Full scale tests. In plane shear. Plank floor slabs. Parametric studies. Floor wall connections. Hollow core block masonry. Full scale research experiments and analyses on the diaphragm floor resistance and stiffness have been conducted at Iowa State University. This research has produced numerous behavioral results and subsequent analytical predictions. This paper discusses the results from the work on hollow-core prestressed precast diaphragm floors subjected to in-plane shear forces. The in-plane shear strength and stiffness of such floors are very important to the overall stability and behavior of masonry buildings subjected to earthquake and wind loads. This paper discusses the comparative parametric comparisons resulting from 16 full-scale tests of plank floor slabs. (Authors' abstract). Document 15 of 22 1990-0181. Stewart, Andrew H. Kliewer, Aron. Goodman, James R. Salsbury, Edward M. LATERAL FORCE DISTRIBUTION IN MANUFACTURED HOUSING FROM FULL-SCALE TESTING. Structural design, analysis and testing: proceedings of the sessions related to design, analysis and testing at Structures Congress '89; San Francisco, CA, May 1-5, 1989. Ang-A-H-S, ed. American Society of Civil Engineers, New York, 1989, pages 112-123. SEL TA658.S86 1989. Figures. Lateral loads. Wind loads. Racking tests. Shear walls. Full scale tests. Wood frame houses. Floor diaphragms. Roof diaphragms. The research focuses on the behavior of two manufactured 14 x 66 ft houses under simulated wind loads. Both concentrated and uniform lateral loads were applied to the test structures. The concentrated loads were applied at transverse (shear) wall locations, one load at a time, to enable evaluation of the in-place stiffness of the loaded wall in relation to the other walls. Uniform lateral loading to simulate wind load was cycled up to approximately 25 psf. Finally, more than 70 psf lateral pressure was applied in an attempt to fail the units via racking (lateral) deflection of the shear walls. Subsequent to the full-scale testing, racking tests were performed on individual walls constructed following the same plans and specifications used for the walls in the full-scale tests. Test results and analyses of system behavior are reported; implications for current and future design are discussed. (Adapted from authors' abstract). AN TI PB LO NU NT ID AB AN AU TI SO LO NT ID AB AN AU TI Document 16 of 22 1989-1671. SUMMARY REPORT (OF THE) CONFERENCE ON WIND LOADS ON STRUCTURES HELD AT CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, PASADENA, CALIFORNIA, DECEMBER 18-19, 1970. California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, July 1971. SEL TH891.C657 1970. GRANT: NSF GK-27100. 137 pages. References. Conference sponsored by a grant from the US National Science Foundation. Wind loads. Bluff bodies. Aerodynamics. Wind structure interaction. Building codes. Tornadoes. Hurricanes. Public safety. Wind damage. Wind profiles. Aeroelasticity. Wind tunnel tests. Highrise buildings. Building anchorage. Meteorology. Guyed masts. This report summarizes the committee discussions and individual research interests of the conference participants. Topics covered include public safety and protection, tornadoes and hurricanes, meteorology and climatology, stochastic methods, structural analysis and design, aerodynamics and aeroelasticity, wind tunnel and full scale investigations. The report includes a list of conference participants and their affiliations as well as a list of other meetings and conferences on wind engineering. (Abstract adapted from text). Document 17 of 22 1988-1877. Robertson, Leslie E. Chen, Peter W. EFFECTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL LOADS ON TALL BUILDINGS. Wind Loads on Structures: Proceedings of [a] USA-Japan Research Seminar; University of Hawaii, Honolulu, 19-24 October 1970. Chiu, Arthur N L, ed. [National Science Foundation, Washington, DC, 1971], pages 235-312. SEL TH891.W56 1970. 19 references. Photographs, diagrams, graphs, tables. Tall buildings. Environmental loads. Structural response. Wind loads. Wind tunnel studies. Wind effects. Wind resistant designs. Structural systems. United States Steel Building. Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Researchers in the determination of wind loads on structures have long known far more of the structure of the wind than has been used by the design engineer. Full-scale tests of structures, both of local pressures and of structure response, have been scant because of a shortage of funds and because of difficulties associated with the experimental techniques. At the same time structures are being designed and built. The firm of Skilling, Helle, Christiansen, Robertson has been engaged in the design of several tall buildings ranging in height from 500 to nearly 1800 feet above the ground in which both theoretical and experimental techniques used for developing pertinent data of wind velocity and air temperature, the simulation by wind tunnel models (both pressure and aeroelastic models) and the synthesis of the wind data with the wind tunnel measurements. The report attempts to summarize the techniques now used by engineers in evaluating wind effects on buildings and structures. (Authors' abstract). Document 18 of 22 1988-1873. Perry, D C. Mayer, P G. EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECTS OF WIND ON A MEDIUM HIGH-RISE STEEL OFFICE BUILDING. SO LO NT ID AB AN AU TI SO LO NT ID AB Wind Loads on Structures: Proceedings of [a] USA-Japan Research Seminar; University of Hawaii, Honolulu, 19-24 October 1970. Chiu, Arthur N L, ed. [National Science Foundation, Washington, DC, 1971], pages 179-190. SEL TH891.W56 1970. Photographs, diagrams. Research supported by a grant from the American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI Project 130) and by academic research funds from Georgia Institute of Technology. Wind effects. Medium high-rise steel office building. Atlanta, Georgia. Experimental study. Wind velocity measurements. Pressure measurements. Structural response measurements. Data acquisition systems. Anemometers. Accelerometers. Taller structures subject to wind forces and other dynamic loads require a more sophisticated engineering approach to analysis and design. In particular, the interaction of wind forces and building responses demands attention to the inter-relationship between the aerodynamics of turbulent wind streams and the building response characterisitics. The interrelationships between the spectral components of wind, the macro-geometry of tall structures, and the micro-geometry of structural components should be understood as random phenomena and treated by probabilistic methods. To cope with the mathematical complexities of highly non-linear interactions presents a formidable difficulty, if not an insurmountable task. Wind tunnel testing of physical models is now a frequent practice. Ultimately, however, both the mathematical modeling and the wind tunnel test practice need prototype corroboration. The Atlanta studies should provide vital information on building behavior. The Atlanta investigation involves a full-scale experimental study of the effects of wind on a 23-story steel office building. The building is to be instrumented with pressure transducers, differential displacement gages, and accelerometers at four elevations in addition to an optical tracking system. Wind data to determine velocity profiles are obtained from anemometers in the proximity of the building. Local wind speeds are measured by means of anemometers atop a 75-foot mast erected on the roof of the building and at three elevations on a TV transmission tower one-half mile from the site in the direction of the prevailing winds. Local ground-level winds will be studied by means of portable anemometers. (Adapted from authors' abstract). Document 19 of 22 1988-1865. Kamei, Isamu. STUDY OF WIND PRESSURE WITH VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION ON MODEL-SCALE BUILDINGS. Wind Loads on Structures: Proceedings of [a] USA-Japan Research Seminar; University of Hawaii, Honolulu, 19-24 October 1970. Chiu, Arthur N L, ed. [National Science Foundation, Washington, DC, 1971], pages 71-85. SEL TH891.W56 1970. 11 references. Photographs, graphs, diagrams. Wind pressure. Model-scale buildings. Vertical distribution. Wind tunnels. Wind velocity. Experimental values. Pressure distribution. Boundary layer velocity field. Natural wind. Experimental values obtained in wind tunnel tests on model-scale buildings have been applied to building design in every country. However, as the nature of natural wind was investigated in detail, the difference and similarity between wind pressure distribution on full-scale buildings in the natural wind and that on models in a constant velocity field became an important problem. One of the problems of similarity is that the natural wind has vertical distribution and its velocity is not constant as is that in a wind tunnel. Researchers in laboratories in every country notice this and are trying to obtain useful results using the boundary-layer wind tunnel. In the present investigation, grids of horizontal rods were placed at a varying spacing in a wind tunnel in order to produce the vertical distribution of wind velocity, which is expressed in terms of V = V sub o times the nth root of h/h sub o, where V sub o is the velocity at the reference height h sub o. Wind pressure distributions on model-scale buildings were obtained in this wind tunnel, varying the height, the width, the depth, and the wind direction. The results were obtained in the cases of n = 4 and n = 8 because the velocity distribution of the natural wind can be expressed in the above equation by varying n from 4 to 8. Besides this, in order to compare the results, a large-scale model, which was 3.6 meters high, 1.2 meters by 1.2 meters in plan, was placed on the shore and wind pressure distribution was measured during a strong wind. (Author's abstract). AN AU TI SO LO NU NT ID AB AN AU TI SO LO NT ID AB AN CA TI PB LO NU NT ID AB Document 20 of 22 1988-1800. Boughton, G N. PERFORMANCE OF DOMESTIC ROOFS UNDER CYCLONIC LOADINGS. First National Structural Engineering Conference, 1987: preprint of papers; Melbourne, August 26-28, 1987. Institution of Engineers, Barton, Australia, 1987, pages 466-471. SEL TA630.N37 1987 v.1-2. ISBN: 0-85825-351-8. 14 references. Domestic roofs. Cyclonic loads. Fatigue failure. Wind loads. Full scale house tests. Both damage assessment of housing after tropical cyclones and the testing of full scale houses under cyclically varying loads has shown that roof structures have higher risk of significant damage than other structural systems within housing. The effects of premature failure due to fatigue, and subsequent load redistributions are examined. Document 21 of 22 1988-0976. Xue, Hui Lian. Ji, Cang Jiang. Tian, Pu. Xu, Chuan Heng. Jiang, De Sheng. INSITU AND WIND TUNNEL INVESTIGATION ON WIND PRESSURE AND VIBRATION OF BAI-YUN HOTEL. Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Tall Buildings; Hong Kong and Guangzhou, December 10-15, 1984. Cheung, Y K and Lee, P K K, eds. Organizing Committee of the Conference, [Hong Kong], 1984, pages 751-757. SEL TH845.I586 1984. Graphs, diagrams, photographs. Bai-yun Hotel, Guangzhou. Wind pressure. Vibrations. Wind loads. China. Wind tunnel tests. This paper describes studies of wind tunnel models with various state of shear-flow forces, and full-scale test site on the wind pressure and vibration result for a high-rise building, Bai-yun Hotel (33 stories), located in the north of Guangzhou. During the test, we adopted the laser displacement meter, long period vibration detector and micro-pressure transfer operation. During the year 1981-1983, when the structure faced multiple typhoons, we adopted for the first time the laser pressure indicator, together with the optical guided fiber to test the structure. At that time, the testing result was very satisfactory. The significant result of wind pressure and displacement will be shown at the end of the symposia. (Authors' abstract). Document 22 of 22 1988-0407. American Society of Civil Engineers, Task Committee on Manual of Practice for Wind Tunnel Testing of Buildings and Structures. WIND TUNNEL MODEL STUDIES OF BUILDINGS AND STRUCTURES. American Society of Civil Engineers, New York, 1987. SEL TA654.5.W57 1987. ISBN: 0-87262-620-2. 36 pages. Glossary. ASCE Manuals and Reports on Engineering Practice, No 67. High wind resistance. Aerodynamics. Wind pressure. Wind loads. Wind tunnel data. The manual provides guidelines on wind tunnel model testing of buildings and structures. Included are procedures required to provide representative information on wind effects experienced during particular wind conditions, and methods for using such information to provide statistical predictions of full scale behavior. The manual discusses wind modeling, pedestrian level wind, local and panel wind loads, and overall wind loads. Aeroelastic simulations in various structural types are covered. Instrumentation and quality assurance of wind tunnel data are also reviewed. (Abstract from text). NISC DISCover Report Earthquakes and the Built Environment Index Search Strategy #1: #2: #3: #4: #5: #6: #7: #8: #9: 1971 - November 2002 841 : wind load 589 : wind engineering 1,179 : #1 or #2 1,663 : full scale and test* 52 : #3 and #4 31,271 : hous* or building 41 : #5 and #6 37,977 : db=quakeline 13 : #7 not #8 Output for Set: Total Matches: Total Records Output: Date: 9 13 13 Thursday, February 20, 2003 Record 1. Title: Damping in Buildings in Japan. Author: Tamura, Y. Source: Elsevier Science Ltd.: (Oxford, England); Structural Engineering World Wide 1998 [computer file], Paper T193-2; 1998 ISBN: 0080428452 Key Terms: Natural frequencies » structural height; Tower structures » damping; Steel frames » wind loads; Japan » structural properties » vibration tests EEA Abstract: This paper discusses full-scale data on the dynamic properties of buildings in Japan. First, it introduces the Japanese database on dynamic properties of buildings (JDDB) collected by the Committee on Damping Data (CDD) of the Architectural Institute of Japan (AIJ). All data contained in the database have been amended as a result of detailed questionnaire studies to literature authors, designers and building owners to confirm the measured values, and to obtain necessary information. The database also includes additional important data on the building and damping evaluation procedure. Reliable data have consequently been selected for more than 250 buildings and are contained in the database. Next, it discusses the natural frequencies and damping ratios in a low-amplitude regime based on JDDB. Some other important statistics on damping ratios and natural frequencies of buildings in JDDB are also discussed. Finally, nonlinear behavior of the dynamic properties of several buildings varying with vibration amplitudes is demonstrated and discussed. Precise analyses are still being made. As examples of database analyses, damping characteristics in the low-amplitude regime for steel structures, steel-reinforced concrete structures, and reinforced concrete structures are presented. More analyses are necessary, but a simple formula was found to be valid for the damping ratio in a reinforced concrete building in the low-amplitude regime. From the results demonstrating nonlinear characteristics of dynamic properties of buildings, the importance of secondary member effects both on stiffness and damping was recognized. An accurate predictor model for damping needs to be established to aid designers in estimating damping ratios based on building properties. To achieve this, establishment of a high-quality database by international collaboration is a pressing need. Publication Type: paper Call Number: CF 11 Record ID: EEA-325429 Database: EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING ABSTRACTS Record 2. Title: Experimental study of active fin system for wind-induced structural vibrations. Author: Mukai, Y.; Tachibana, E.; Inoue, Y. Source: International Assn. for Structural Control: (Los Angeles); Proceedings First World Conference on Structural Control, Vol. 1, pages WP2-52--WP2-61; 1994 ISBN: 0962890839 Key Terms: Active control; Active fin systems; Wind structural vibrations; Wind tunnel tests; Full scale models; Wind loads; Structural response control EEA Abstract: Various types of active control systems have been proposed in order to reduce wind-induced structural variations. The objectives of this control is to increase structural safety from some distorting damages while limiting the amplitude of building motion to within the range of the occupants' sense of safety. An active fin system has been proposed by authors, and from the preliminary experimental tests, it has been assured that this system is considerably effective for reducing wind-induced structural vibrations. In this paper, more practical investigations for the active fin system are executed in both wind tunnel tests and natural wind tests. The active fin adopted here is an up-to-date control device designed as installing to practical structures. The basic concept for developing this device is to aim to control structural response effectively for all directions on a horizontal plane. From wind tunnel tests, three issues are discussed: 1) Estimation for practical control forces supplied by the active fin, 2) Construction of effective control algorithms for the active fin system, 3) Examination of control effects by using the active fin. Next, those results are applied to the natural wind tests. Two-dimensional active control tests are executed for the full-scale active fin under practical strong wind. Publication Type: Conference proceedings Call Number: 500/W67/1994P/v.1 Record ID: EEA-300923 Database: EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING ABSTRACTS Record 3. Title: Viscoelastic damper overview for seismic and wind applications. Author: Nielsen, E. J.; Lai, M. L.; Soong, T. T.; Kelly, J. M. Source: International Assn. for Structural Control: (Los Angeles); Proceedings First World Conference on Structural Control, Vol. 3, pages FP3-42--FP3-51; 1994 ISBN: 0962890839 Key Terms: Viscoelastic damping devices » shaking table tests » design; Wind loads; San Jose, California » steel moment-resisting frames; Northern California » viscoelastic damping devices; Reinforced concrete frames » response EEA Abstract: Viscoelastic (VE) dampers were first utilized in the Twin World Trade Center Towers in New York City for wind induced building sway in 1969. In the 1980's, the Columbia SeaFirst and Two Union Square Buildings in Seattle utilized dampers for wind. In 1994 the Chien-Tan railroad station roof in Taipei, Taiwan utilized VE dampers to reduce wind induced vibrations. Recent seismic studies at several universities have demonstrated the benefits of VE dampers for steel and concrete structures. Full scale VE damper dynamic testing has met peer review requirements for retrofit installation of a 13 story steel moment frame building in Santa Clara County in 1994. The results of university testing and building application installations are reviewed in this paper. Major Topics: Structural Dynamics -- Deterministic Behavior of Linear Structures Publication Type: Conference proceedings Call Number: 500/W67/1994P/v.3 Record ID: EEA-300731 Database: EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING ABSTRACTS Record 4. Title: Recent structural applications of active control technology. Author: Soong, T. T. Source: Journal of Structural Control, Vol. 1 Iss. 1-2, pp. 5-21; 1994. ISSN: 11228385 Key Terms: Structural control » active; Bracing » structural control; Damping devices; Full-scale tests » structural control; Multidegree-of-freedom systems » structural control; Multistory structures » structural control » dynamic properties; Wind loads » structural control EEA Abstract: A number of active control systems have been developed, fabricated and installed in full-scale structures and they have been subjected to actual wind forces and ground motions. The focus of this paper is on the observed response of several of these systems. They include an active bracing system and an active mass damper system installed in a six-story experimental building, and two hybrid mass damper systems installed in two actual buildings. The configurations of these systems are summarized together with their performance characteristics. Observed performance of these systems during actual wind storms and moderate earthquakes shows that they meet their basic design objectives. Furthermore, their performance can be adequately predicted through simplified analytical and simulation procedures. Major Topics: Structural Dynamics -- Properties of Linear Structures Publication Type: Journal article Call Number: EEA: 500/J645 Record ID: EEA-264871 Database: EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING ABSTRACTS Record 5. Title: Study on vibration control structure with viscoelastic damper. Author: Fujita, Y. Source: [Japanese Society of Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering: (Tokyo]); Proceedings of the Eighth Japan Earthquake Engineering Symposium, 1990, Vol. 2, pp. 1821-1826; 1990. Notes: in Japanese; Paper 304 Key Terms: Control theory; Vibrations » structural control; Tall buildings » control theory; Viscoelastic damping devices; Wind loads » tall buildings; Damping devices » tall buildings; Stiffness » damping devices; Viscous damping; Displacements [structural] » structural control; Dynamic properties EEA Abstract: A passive control device made of a viscoelastic material, a bitumen/rubber compound (BRC), is proposed to reduce the response of tall buildings to low to medium seismic or wind loads. The BRC damper has the following features: (1) it can be shaped into a sheet of any thickness, (2) the material has strong adhesive qualities and can adhere without any bonding agent, (3) it induces a large viscous shearing reaction against shearing deformations, (4) it can sustain large shearing. To determine the effectiveness of the BRC damper for vibration control, a dynamic loading test was conducted. The coefficients of equivalent viscous damping and shearing stiffness for a nonlinear spring-dashpot model were found. The accuracy of the established values was confirmed by a random wave dynamic loading test. Next, the effectiveness of passive control devices with BRC for a full-scale structure was studied through a numerical analysis of a simulated 24-story building with a floor area of 2800 sq m on each story. Two devices made of the BRC compound were set up on each story. The results are discussed. Major Topics: Structural Dynamics -- Deterministic Behavior of Nonlinear Structures Publication Type: Conference paper Call Number: EEA: 400/J22/1990/v.2 Record ID: EEA-11048 Database: EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING ABSTRACTS Record 6. Title: Full scale test on a three-storied wood-framed building. Author: Murota, Tatsuo; Yasumura, Motoi Source: National Inst. of Standards and Technology: (Gaithersburg, Maryland); Wind and Seismic Effects, Proceedings of the 21st Joint Meeting of the U.S.-Japan Cooperative Program in Natural Resources Panel on Wind and Seismic Effects, pages 213-226; Jan. 1990 Key Terms: Wood-frame structures » static loads; Lowrise structures » failure; Bearing walls » uplift » nonlinear response EEA Abstract: A full-scale, three-story, wood-framed building was subjected to lateral loads, and evaluated for performance considering seismic and wind loads. The experiments were carried out on specimens whose floor and walls perpendicular to the loading direction were not sheathed with sheet materials, and on the complete structure. The influence of the shear stiffness of a diaphragm and that of a bearing wall perpendicular to the loading direction on the structural performance was investigated. The experimental results were compared with the calculation from the finite element model, frame model, and also Tuomi's model based on the load-slip relations of a nail joint. The applicability of these calculation methods to the design procedure was investigated. Publication Type: paper Call Number: 500/W552/1989 Document Numbers: NIST SP 776 Record ID: EEA-321483 Database: EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING ABSTRACTS Record 7. Title: Study on seismic base isolation system for structures (part 3)--structural design of high technology r & d center, and results of tests and observations of dynamic characteristics of the building; FOREIGN.TITLE. Author: Takeda, T. Source: Report of the Technical Research Institute, Ohbayashi Corporation Iss. 36, pp. 8393; 1988. ISSN: 03859657 Notes: in Japanese Key Terms: Base isolation » reinforced concrete structures; Reinforced concrete structures » base isolation » design; Multistory structures » base isolation; Static tests » reinforced concrete structures; Vibration tests » reinforced concrete structures; Wind loads » reinforced concrete structures; Experimentation » reinforced concrete structures; Japan » reinforced concrete structures EEA Abstract: A full-scale, five-story reinforced concrete structure supported by a base isolation system is examined. This paper describes the structural design, static tests, dynamic vibration tests, and earthquake and wind observations. The building will be used as a research and development center. Major Topics: Structural Dynamics -- Deterministic Behavior of Linear Structures Publication Type: Journal article Call Number: EEA: 500/O35 Record ID: EEA-5721 Database: EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING ABSTRACTS Record 8. Title: Cladding-structure interaction in highrise buildings. Author: Goodno, B. J. Institutional Author: Georgia Institute of Technology. School of Civil Engineering; Georgia Institute of Technology. School of Aerospace Engineering Source: Schools of Civil and Aerospace Engineering, Georgia Inst. of Technology: (Atlanta); 1983. Notes: EERC Library copy incomplete: does not include listings of programs HDLETR and NACLAD. ¦ "Prepared for the National Science Foundation, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Earthquake Hazards Mitigation." Key Terms: Wind loads; Tall buildings » dynamic properties; Tall buildings » nonlinear response; Stiffness » cladding; Steel structures » dynamic properties; Steel structures » nonlinear response; Steel frames » dynamic properties; Steel frames » nonlinear response; Precast concrete » cladding; Office buildings » dynamic properties; Office buildings » nonlinear response; Interaction » cladding-structure; Forced vibration tests » cladding-structure interaction; Computer programs » cladding-structure interaction; Cladding; Curtain walls; Ambient vibration tests » cladding-structure interaction ¦ Joints [Engineering]; Mathematical models; Metal cladding; Precast concrete construction; Structural analysis [Engineering]; Tall buildings; Vibration tests EEA Abstract: This report describes a combination of analytical and field studies performed for a medium highrise office building with precast concrete cladding. These studies investigated the role of the building facade in adding lateral stiffness and resistance to wind and moderate earthquake loadings to the entire structure. Analytical models were used to study the influence of cladding on building frequencies and linear seismic response, and finite element studies to determine the role of cladding connection details and panel support conditions. Experimental studies were performed on two 24-story steel frame structures to quantify theoretically demonstrated effects and to confirm analytical models. On the first building, ambient vibration measurements were taken before, during, and after installation of cladding, and modal response results obtained. On the second, full-scale forced vibration tests were performed to determine 12 bending and torsional frequencies and mode shapes. System identification methods were used to estimate stiffness parameters associated with the core, exterior frame, and cladding stiffness. Studies of overall building response to earthquake ground motion were performed to determine the relation of clad and unclad model frequencies to the frequency content of the ground motion. A simple panel failure model was proposed and results of localized cladding failure were determined. The usefulness of such studies in understanding curtain wall behavior and improving curtain wall design is discussed. Major Topics: Structural Dynamics -- Vibration Measurements on Structures Language: English Publication Type: Monograph Call Number: EEA: 545/G66/1983 ¦ EERC: 545 G66 1983 [EERC] Record ID: EEA-131000830 ¦ EERC-006879 Database: COMPOSITE RECORD ¦ EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING ABSTRACTS ¦ EERC LIBRARY Record 9. Title: Ambient vibration of multistory buildings with strong motion instruments. Author: Hart, G. C.; Estrada, J.; Yoosefi, N. Source: School of Engineering and Applied Science, Univ. of California: (Los Angeles), 416 p.; 1982. Key Terms: Wind loads » seismic loads; Southern California » multistory structures; Seismic loads » wind loads; San Bernardino, California » hotels; Palm Springs » hospitals; Multistory structures » dynamic properties; Long Beach, California » multistory structures; Hotels » dynamic properties; Hospitals » dynamic properties; California, Univ. of, Los Angeles » multistory structures; Burbank, California » multistory structures; Ambient vibration tests » multistory structures EEA Abstract: The work presented in this report is part of a program to measure and interpret full-scale building response. Wind response data obtained prior to and after earthquake excitation can be used to identify significant changes in the dynamic characteristics and strength of a building. The buildings tested were instrumented with strong-motion equipment by the California Div. of Mines and Geology. All are located in southern California. Major Topics: Structural Dynamics -- Vibration Measurements on Structures Publication Type: Technical report Call Number: EEA: 500/U573/82-22 Document Numbers: Report: UCLA ENG 82-22 Record ID: EEA-122000675 Database: EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING ABSTRACTS Record 10. Title: Testing of a wind restraint for aseismic based isolation. Author: Kelly, J. M.; Chitty, D. E. Source: Engineering Structures, Vol. 2 Iss. 3, pp. 176-186; 1980. ISSN: 01410296 Key Terms: Wind loads » base isolation systems; Shaking table tests » base isolation systems; Base isolation systems » design; Base isolation systems » nonlinear response EEA Abstract: Base isolation has been proposed as an economical approach to aseismic design for many types of buildings and structural systems. In general, the base of a structure is isolated when a support system with extremely low horizontal stiffness limits the transmittal of horizontal shear from the ground to the structure. The displacement of such a structure under wind loading will, however, be excessive since the horizontal stiffness of the support system is so low. The horizontal deflection of a building with an isolated natural frequency of 0.5 Hz would, for example, be 4 in. for a wind load of one-tenth the weight of the building. While such a horizontal deflection would not be acceptable, a base isolation system could be equipped with a mechanical fuse which would be sufficiently strong to resist wind loading, but which would fracture during an earthquake, leaving the building free on the isolation system. In this report, the authors describe an extensive series of shaking table tests of such a device. The wind restraint consisted of a notched shear pin. Several shear pins were tested in conjunction with a natural rubber isolation system placed beneath a three-story 40,000 Ib steel frame model structure. Pins with breaking forces ranging from 3% to 20% of the weight of the model were tested. The model structure was subjected to various peak accelerations of three earthquake inputs. The shear pins fractured rapidly and cleanly. The breaking force for each pin was reasonably predictable. Although higher mode accelerations were induced in the model structure when the pins broke, these disappeared rapidly. The design of a shear pin mechanical fuse system for a full-scale structure is discussed at the end of this report in view of the experimental results described. Major Topics: Structural Dynamics -- Experimental Investigations Publication Type: Journal article Call Number: EEA: 400/E53 Record ID: EEA-101001248 Database: EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING ABSTRACTS Record 11. Title: Testing of a wind restraint for aseismic base isolation. Author: Kelly, J. M.; Chitty, D. E. Source: Berkeley: Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California, 46 pages; Oct. 1978 ISSN: 02710323 Key Terms: Shaking table tests » wind restraints; Mechanical systems » wind restraints; Loads » wind; Isolation » design; Base isolation EEA Abstract: Base isolation has been proposed as an economical approach to seismic-resistant design for many types of buildings and structural systems. In general, the base of a structure is isolated when a support system with extremely low horizontal stiffness limits the transmittal of horizontal shear from the ground to the structure. The displacement of such a structure under wind loading will, however, be excessive, because the horizontal stiffness of the support system is so low. The horizontal deflection of a building with an isolated natural frequency of 0.5 Hz would, for example, be four inches for a wind load of one-tenth the weight of the building. While such a horizontal deflection would not be acceptable, a base isolation system could be equipped with a mechanical fuse which would be sufficiently strong to resist wind loading, but which would fracture during an earthquake, leaving the building free on the isolation system. This report describes an extensive series of shaking table tests of such a device. The wind restraint consisted of a notched shear pin. Several shear pins were tested in conjunction with a natural rubber isolation system placed beneath a three-story, 40,000 lb steel frame model structure. Pins with breaking forces ranging from 3% to 20% of the weight of the model were tested. The model structure was subjected to various peak accelerations of three earthquake inputs. The shear pins fractured rapidly and cleanly. The breaking force for each pin was reasonably predictable. Although higher mode accelerations were induced in the model structure when the pins broke, these disappeared rapidly. The design of a shear pin mechanical fuse system for a full-scale structure is discussed in light of the experimental results described. Major Topics: Earthquake-Resistant Design -- Miscellaneous Structures Publication Type: monograph Call Number: 530/K38/1978 Document Numbers: UCB/EERC-78/20 Record ID: EEA-81001546 Database: EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING ABSTRACTS Record 12. Title: Forced vibration testing of a rehabilitated multistory building. Author: Hart, Gary C. Institutional Author: University of California, Los Angeles. Mechanics and Structures Dept Source: Los Angeles: Mechanics and Structures Dept., School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of California, 1978.; 2 v., ill., 28 cm. Series: UCLA-ENG; 78-22. Notes: "UCLA-ENG-7822" -- "June 1978"--cover -- On cover: Full scale laboratory, earthquake and wind engineering -- Bibliography:. 147 (v.2) -- Vol.2: Appendices; references Key Terms: Buildings Language: English Publication Type: Monograph Call Number: EERC: 500 U573 78-22 [EERC] Document Numbers: Report No.: UCLA-ENG-7822 Record ID: EERC-006301 Database: EERC LIBRARY Record 13. Title: Full scale test on a two-story house subjected to lateral load. Author: Yokel, F. Y.; Hsi, G.; Somes, N. F. Source: U.S. National Bureau of Standards: (Washington, D.C.), 26 p.; 1973. Series: Building science series; 44. Notes: "CODEN: BSSNBV." -- Includes bibliographical references Key Terms: Wooden structures » dynamic properties; Wind loads » residential buildings; Residential buildings » dynamic properties; Impulse loads » structures; Experimentation » structures; Curtain walls ¦ Dwellings » Testing; Wind-pressure; Structural dynamics ¦ Dwellings EEA Abstract: Tests were carried out on a single-family, detached house to determine its deflection characteristics under lateral loads. The house was a two-story building of conventional woodframe construction. Two series of tests were conducted. The first of these was to determine the stiffness of the house when subjected to a simulation of wind loading. The second was to determine the dynamic response of the house to a single impulse load. Major Topics: Structural Dynamics -- Vibration Measurements on Structures Language: English Publication Type: Monograph Call Number: MCEER: TH7.U6 no.44 [Science and Engineering Library]; TH7.U6 no.44 [Science and Engineering Library]; DDC Call No.: 690/.08 s; DDC Call No.: 690/.22 ¦ EERC: 545.1 Y62 1973 [EERC] Record ID: EEA-31000872 ¦ MCEER-ADQ4591 ¦ EERC-019756 Database: COMPOSITE RECORD ¦ EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING ABSTRACTS ¦ MCEER LIBRARY ¦ EERC LIBRARY END OF DOCUMENTS IN LIST