Download The Age of Imperialism

The Age of Imperialism- Unit 5
During the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, the United States pursued an aggressive policy of
expansionism, extending its political and economic influence around the globe.
Objectives to Remember
1-Assess the social, economic, and political ramifications of United States’ expansionism between 1867
and 1914
2-Discuss selected foreign policy issues and actions that have shaped American thought on Imperialism
3-Examine the Causes, Courses, and consequences of the Spanish-American War.
4. Analyze the economic, military and security motivations of the U.S. to complete the Panama Canal as
well as major obstacles involved in its construction
5. Dissect how Americans gradually increased their influence over Hawaii's economy and government
in the nineteenth century.
6. Critique the circumstances surrounding the explosion of the battleship Maine and the American
response to that event.
7. Organize the results of the Spanish-American War, including the ensuing war in the Philippines.
8. Explain the "spheres of influence" that existed in nineteenth-century China, how they affected United
States trade in China.
9. Identify why a canal across the isthmus of Central America was strategically important to the United
States
Vocabulary
6. Annexation- permanent acquisition and
1. Imperialism- a policy or practice by which
incorporation of land or territory from one
a country increases its power by gaining
country to another.
control over other areas of the world where
7. Sphere of Influence- A spatial region over
the idea that stronger countries should take
which one country has significant cultural,
over or influence weaker countries.
economic, political and military influence
2. Yellow Journalism- journalism that
over another.
represents no legitimate or well represented
8. Roosevelt Corollary- Monroe Doctrine
news but instead relies on eye-catching
(The Big Stick Policy)- The U.S. will
headlines to sell newspapers.
intervene in conflicts between European
3. Rough Riders- Nickname given to a
Nations and Latin American countries to
volunteer cavalry that was co-led by
enforce and protect Latin American
Theodore Roosevelt which helped win an
countries from any legitimate threats of the
invasion on San Juan Hill in Cuba.
European powers.
4. Platt Amendment- Defined the
9. Boxers (The Boxer Rebellion)- An antirelationship between the U.S. and Cuba and
foreign nationalist movement in China that
made Cuba a U.S. protectorate. (Remember
involved martial artists fighting against
the 4 parts of it!)
imperialism coming into China.
5. Humanitarian- concerned with or seeking
10. Open Door Policy- An economic policy
to promote human welfare.
that allowed multiple imperial powers
(countries) access to China’s trade and
economy.
Vocabulary
11. Dollar Diplomacy- U.S. loaned money to
Latin American countries and then used that
as overhead to send US troops into their
country to overlook the building of
infrastructure.
14. Watchful Waiting-American policy to
only recognize democratically elected
governments so the US would not
intervene with Mexican politics and would
just wait until a democratic elected
government would emerge.
12. Treaty of Paris- Agreement that ended the
Spanish American War by having Spain
give up control of Cuba, Phillipines, Puerto
Rico, West Indies and Guam.
15. White Man’s Burden-the belief that it
was the white man’s duty to help people of
other races in poorer countries.
13. Teller Amendment- It promised that US
would not annex Cuba if it won the
Spanish-American War.
16. Gentleman’s Agreement- a 1907
agreement to reduce immigration from
Japan to the US
Identify and remember the following people:
1. Alfred Thayer Mahan- he wrote the book- The Influence of Sea Power Upon History
and he wanted to make international colonies to use as strategic naval bases and
improve trade, and increase naval power
2. Queen Liliuokalani- Queen of Hawaii from 1893-1898 tried to run the country for
Hawaiians. The U.S. forcibly removed her from office.
3. William McKinley-U.S. President during the Spanish American War and asked
Congress for a declaration of war on Spain
4. William Randolph Hearst- Yellow Journalist of the New York Journal who
sensationalized the news coming out of Cuba that led to the war.
5. Joseph Pulitzer-Yellow Journalist of the New York World who sensationalized the
news coming out of Cuba that led to the war
6. Jose Marti-Cuban revolutionary who organized a rebellion against wealthy sugar and
tobacco plantation owners in Cuba. He started the Cuban independence movement.
7. Theodore Roosevelt-A. Asst. Secretary of the Navy and future US Presidentwho
arranged a colunteer army unit called the Rough Riders to fight in Cuba against the
Spanish. He led a famous cavalry charge up San Juan Hill.
B. In 1903, while President, he ordered the construction of the Panama Canal.
C. He added the Roosevelt corollary to the Monroe Doctrine where the U.S. started
assuming control over Latin and South America
D. He had his “Big Stick Policy” where the U.S. always backed everything up with
military power
8. Commodore George Dewey- US Navy commodore who defeated the Spanish in the
Philippines. This led to the image of the US being a great Naval power.
9. John Hay-US. Secretary of State who proposed equal trading rights for all nations in
China which led to the Open Door Policy.
10. Pancho Villa-Mexican rebel leader who didn’t trust the US supported Mexican
government so he instigated violence against US citizens in Mexico and in a US border
town. President Wilson responded by sending US troops to chase after him under the
command of Black Jack John Pershing. They searched for him for a year but never
found him.
Using a map: locate and
describe the historical
significance of the following
countries on page 4 of the pink
sheet.( on the back)
1. Hawaiian Islands
2. Manila Bay- Philippines
3. Cuba
4. Puerto Rico
5. Virgin Islands
6. Guam
7. Samoa
8. Midway Island
9. Beijing- China
10. Panama
11. Mexico
12. Japan
13. Russia
14. Spain
Other Things/Issues/People to Remember
1. Ostend Manifesto- was a document written in 1854 that urged the U.S. to purchase Cuba
from Spain while implying that the U.S. should declare war and seize it if Spain refused.
2. De Lome letter-A letter sent by the Spanish Ambassador to the U.S. where he called
McKinley “weak” and it was presented in the newspaper which caused US citizens to have
an outcry.
3. USS Maine- the American ship that exploded in Havana Harbor.
4. Anti-Imperialist League- Critics of perceived American imperialism as a member, they
protested America’s involvement in the Spanish-American war. Twain, Cleveland,
Carnegie, Gompers, Addams, Bryan all became members.
5. Commodore Matthew Perry- 1853, he entered the bays of Tokyo with a gunship, and
heavily suggested that Japan should be the first Asian country to start trading with the U.S,
and they agreed.
6. Treaty of Portsmouth- It was pushed by Roosevelt to end the war between Russia and
Japan in 1905. It led to Roosevelt winning the Nobel Peace Prize. It made the US a strong
voice in world diplomacy. Bad feelings towards the US would result from both Japan and
Russia.
7. Yellow Fever- one of the diseases along with Malaria that many American and
Panamanian engineers and workers came down with while building the Panama canal.
Create Your own US Imperialism Map
Find- Label-Color Code the Countries
from Page 2 of the Pink Sheet