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APHG Reading Guide: Chapter 10 – Development Field Note (p. 300 – 302) 1. Why doesn’t demand for products and an economic boom for one industry not lift development levels across regions? ____________________________________________________________________________________ 2. Commodity Chain: __________________________________________________________________________ 3. What is one challenge of development described in the reading? ____________________________________ KQ #1: HOW DO YOU DEFINE AND MEASURE DEVELOPMENT? (p. 302 – 305) 4. If “wealth does not depend on what is produced,” what does it depend on? ___________________________ 5. Development implies ______________________, and that means ___________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 6. What are the three methods of measuring development described in the text? _________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 7. Gross National Product (GNP): ________________________________________________________________ 8. Gross Domestic Product (GDP): _______________________________________________________________ 9. Gross National Income (GNI): _________________________________________________________________ 10. A country’s legal economy that is taxed and monitored by the government is called its __________________ 11. The illegal or untaxed economy is known as _______________________________ 12. What are the limitations of each of the measures of development listed above? _______________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 13. What are some of the measures that analysts look toward to provide a clear picture of a country’s level of development? _______________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 14. What are the key indicators used to demonstrate a country’s development? __________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 15. Walt Rostow’s modernization model (AKA development ladder) includes several steps. In the space below describe each: o Traditional: ___________________________________________________________________________ o Pre-Conditions for Take-off: ______________________________________________________________ o Take-off: _____________________________________________________________________________ o Drive to Maturity: _____________________________________________________________________ o High Mass Consumption: ________________________________________________________________ APHG Reading Guide: Chapter 10 – Development KQ# 2: HOW DOES GEOGRAPHY AFFECT DEVELOPMENT? (p. 305 – 309) 16. How does context affect the way we view development? _________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 17. How did colonialism set up the flow of capital that we see today? _________________________________ 18. Neo-Colonialism: _________________________________________________________________________ 19. _____________________________ is a theory of development that holds that economic disparities are built into the system and cannot be easily changed. 20. Dependency Theory: _______________________________________________________________________ 21. Dollarization: _____________________________________________________________________________ 22. How can Wallerstein’s World Systems Theory help explain these phenomena? __________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 23. How is World Systems Theory different from the Modernization Model? _____________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ KQ# 3: WHAT ARE THE BARRIERS TO AND THE COSTS OF DEVELOPMENT? (p. 309 – 319) 24. There are several barriers discussed in this section, briefly describe each of them: o Low Levels of Social Welfare: ____________________________________________________________ o Foreign Debt:_________________________________________________________________________ o Political Instability: ____________________________________________________________________ o Disease: _____________________________________________________________________________ 25. Costs of Economic Development are many, these include: Industrialization which can be very costly for countries, many governments allow outside industry to take advantage of their raw materials and low wages. This can lead to ____________________________________ where taxes are low and regulations on foreign companies is favorable. 26. Maquiladoras: ____________________________________________________________________________ 27. Special Economic Zones (CHINA): _____________________________________________________________ 28. NAFTA: __________________________________________________________________________________ APHG Reading Guide: Chapter 10 – Development 29. Agriculture is often the dominant form of economic activity in periphery countries. However when large scale modern farming takes place, items are often grown to meet demand in ________________________. 30. Environmental problems such as ____________________ have resulted from over use of lands. 31. How does tourism both benefit and harm the economy in periphery regions? _________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 32. Describe the cultural landscape of tourist regions in periphery zones. ________________________________ KQ # 4: WHY DO COUNTRIES EXPERIENCE UNEVEN DEVELOPMENT WITHIN A STATE? (p. 319 – 326) 33. What regions of the US are seen as periphery according to the text? ________________________________ 34. What is happening to the gap between the wealthy and impoverished regions? _______________________ 35. How can governments alter or change the development of areas within their own states? _______________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 36. Quota market: ___________________________________________________________________________ 37. Islands of Development: ____________________________________________________________________ 38. How do the actions of governments create these islands? _________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 39. Nongovernmental Organizations (NGO) :_______________________________________________________ 40. Microcredit Programs: _____________________________________________________________________