Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
15-3 Aim: Respiratory System (A) RESPIRATORY SYSTEM The respiratory system involves both external and internal respiration External respiration: ___________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ Internal respiration: ___________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ _________________________________________: involves the use of oxygen to break down glucose in the cell **The main job of the respiratory system is to _____________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ The respiratory system is responsible for transporting gases to and from the circulatory system. Respiration is a vital function for all living things. Organisms cannot live more than a few minutes without oxygen. The respiratory system is a _______________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ (B) THE PATH OF AIR The human respiratory system consists of: o The nose o Pharynx o Larynx o Trachea o Smaller passageways o Lungs o Alveoli The path of air is as follows: 1) Nose: the air enters through the nose—hairs in the nose ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ 2) From the nose, air passes through the pharynx: ____________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ —when food is swallowed, a flap of cartilage called the ___________________________, presses down and covers the opening to the air passage 3) From the pharynx, the air moves through the larynx: ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ 4) From the larynx, the air passes into the trachea: ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ 5) The trachea, divides into two smaller tubes, _______________________________: which lead to the lungs 6) Within the lung, the bronchi divide into smaller tubes called ______________________________: continue to subdivide until they finally end in clusters of tiny hollow air sacs called alveoli 7) Alveoli: ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ The lungs are amongst the largest organs of the body Below the lungs is the diaphragm— ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ (C) BREATHING Breathing: _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ Ventilation: _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ Every time you take a breath, or move air in and out of your lungs, TWO major actions take place: i. ________________________________: aka INSPIRATION— occurs when air is pulled into the lungs ii. ________________________________: aka expiration—occurs when air is pulled out of the lungs These two actions deliver oxygen to the alveoli and remove carbon dioxide The continuous cycles of inhalation as exhalation are known as ________________________________________ These two actions are produced by movements of the diaphragm During INHALATION—the diaphragm is curved upward— _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ During EXHALATION—the diaphragm relaxes and returns to its curved position— _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ (D) GAS EXCHANGE Three important things happen to the air we inhale: 1) ___________________________________________________ 2) ___________________________________________________ 3) ___________________________________________________ This occurs in the _______________________________ in the lungs Our lungs consist of nearly 300 million alveoli!!! Each alveolus is covered with capillaries for gas exchange The blood entering the alveoli contains a large amount of __________________________________________________________ The blood leaving the alveoli has nearly tripled the total amount of ____________________________________________ it originally carried (E) REGULATION OF BREATHING Breathing is such an important function that your nervous system will not let you have complete control of it. TEST IT!! Try holding your breath!! Breathing is an involuntary action. This means _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ You can hold your breath until you lose consciousness, but then the brain takes control and normal breathing resumes