Download UNIVERSITY OF CA.LICUT "nl -

.t
a
,'tt
a't
UNIVERSITY OF CA.LICUT
"nl
(Abstract)
M.Sc Phvsics - Revised scheme and syllabus '*'ith effect from 2008 admission
Imoiemented - Orders issued.
\
GENERAL AND ACADE*IIC BR4.NCH I _
No. GAI/J2/26Lol07
Reeid:
'
L-:.
'J'
SECTTON
ie..i, Calicu;- University. P.O. , 27.C6"2AO8.
1. Item No.2 of the Minutes of the rnt--r'r-ingof the Board of Studies in Fhysir:s
(PGi held on 16.05.?AO7.
2. Letter from the Chairman, Board cf Studies in Physics
(PG) dated
20.06.2008.
ORDER
;is per ret'erence read-as. 1*t paper above, the Board of S'uudies in Ph.rrsics iP{i)
decided to revise the syllabus for M.Sc Physics with effect from 2AOB admissiot
onwards.
The Vice-Chanceilor, jn rtiell'
ci
ex',;q,'l-rc.i.
Academic Council, approved the h{;.nutrs
r>I
arid sribiect to ratificariciil
trr,, Il:',:
t.rle rrreeting of the Bcarci of Studies.
Sanction has thereiore bcefl accord'-:d for impiemeiriation of the i'cvilr:cl
scircirie and syllabus of the I\4.Sc Ph-vsics ccurse 'urrith effect frrtm 2Ol)B actmi:rir::r
crtilard,-r.
iir rlei's are issued accoraing;-\,.
'lire revised scheme and syllabus are
i-,ppendecl.
sc/DEPUTY REGTSTRAR |G&A-I)
For EIEGISTIL{R.
,1\.
.
The t-rincipals of all aftiiiated ccileges t,itt;'ing ii,{.Sc Physics colrJ
Ct)i:.,1' 19;
t.
Se.
C.E./EX Sn/DR, PG/Tabulation :Iectir-,n /Exarn Enqrriry./Aii Irrf.-rrmatioi;
Centres/G&A I'A)'F' Sections/G8''ul\ Ii,III Branches.
\/
ForwardedlBy Order
@rdh
SECTION OFFICER
V
D:'rL,4ANAF\G.A-
i\J\U Ori2-261 0-07 Joc
I
l,
\,-
:
't
UNIVERSITY OF CALICUT
FOR
REGULATIONS, SCHEMN AND SYLLABUS
M'Sc' PHYSICS
(EFFECTM FROM
2008 ADMISSIONS)
in Physics (Main) in the B'Sc' Degree
Mathematics as a
ion of any other University with
5070 marks
er PtfY 306 (Advanced Elecuonics
I) or PHY 307
eirwork.Thisshallbeattestedby.theteacher-in-charge
*ot[ had been canied out at
the external
some other cenue)'
i"stittio"' ii tt't
.r
'a!.
I
1'2'
13.
Evaluation
of the projeo
report as well as a viva voce shall
be conducted by the team
examiners at the time of the Practicat
e*amination at the
,H":Hil:lrilliX'":n
There
These
Test
to the extent oi
of two
external
rnar aho carry
"rJ;i,h;lv;
$;Eri;n":*o
ii.-r.', i; ;;;#
."errr.i.y
/ attendance, modvarion and
",
an
.r
^- all
-,r theory
or
papers to the extent of 20 o/omarks
per paper per semester.
on the following scheme :
Vivavoce/Seminar :
6 marks
Smarks
:
S,marks
4 marks
Assignments
:
Attendance
ToaI
20 marks per
paper per s€mester
^,.^r..^-:- :, ,
ilt$,flX;,T#,,iff:".,"J:Hi53:;,',ll;ht,i.i::"":iffi,:i:T3:lfffifi:1,heir
d r)cS.
xmrc .rr^_
perusa, and ,hen kep, in
(The praoice of
s to be presented
eir verification.
the marks is as
f
practical paper:
rk
lrrvr
_--e.,srr
--- dudlysls
Viva Voee
Regularity and
j
amendanc"
3 marks
3 marks
4marks
Fv+---^r-h-External
: Totarr-^^
r20 marks (At the end of rrnd ,""##
for I &
IIIrd
II
combined ).
(p[fy 305 and.pHy 306)
rnternals : Total 15 marks for
each paper
Semester :
t
IVth Semester:
&408.
T{.q"e of 406 , 407 and408 and 409
407
shall be as follows
Extemal : 60 mark distributed
as follows
project Report
p..i.rt
Total for
tiJn".nd external
project
IT.'L:T:i:11'rHTr'Xt
:
:
viva ;
.
*.n
marks shall be ronuarded to tr,.
clffilllr."rr,,,n*ions
i3 THr,
ru
marfts
each
berore the srart or the end_
3
17' The University shall do nolhnrr"uon oi inte.nal assessmenr, when there is inflation of marks in internal
evaluation' If the difference in the percentage of lhe external marks and the percentage of the internal marks of
any student is more than 20olo, the internal marks shall be brought down to limit the difference to 20o/o.
Normalization once effected shall be irrevocable, except in the case of a student who appeals to the grievance
redressal committee.
1B.The minimum marks rgqrrlled for a pass is 40Yo for the external examination for each paper including pracdcal
and Viva Voce. There shall be no separate minimum for the internal marks. The grading of the students will
be as follows:
Total marks
50o/o lo 59o/o
600/o lo 79%o
.
B0o/o
and
II
above
19. Candidates who
fail in
a paper/papers can
class
I class
I class with Distinction
reappearfor the subsequent regular examination of the subsequent
batch.
'r6
4
SCIfiME OF PAPERS
I
SEMESTER
Paper No.
Title of Paper
Max.Marks
(External)
PHY 101
PTTY 102
Mathematical
Physics I
Electrodynamics
Max. Marks
Total
finternal)
80
20
100
80
20
100
and Plasma
Phvsics
PITY 103
Classical
Mechanics
80
20
100
PTTY 104
Elecronics
80
20
100
PHY 105
PHY 106
Practical I
Practical II
Viva Voce
15
15
15
15
PTIY 107
50
50
Total
II
SEMESTER
Paper No.
480
Max.Marks
Tide of Paper
(External)
PHY 201
Mathematical
Physics
PTIY 202
Max. Marks
Total
finternd)
80
20
100
80
20
100
80
20
100
80
20
100
15
135
15
135
50
II
Numerical
Techniques and
Computer
hosrammins
PHY 203
PHY 204
PHY 205
Statistical
Mechanics
Quantum
Mechanics I
Practical III
120 (10s
IV
PHY 206
Practical
PHY 207
Viva Voce
&
205
combined)
120 (106 & 206
combined)
50
Total
III
720
SEMESTER
I
Paper No.
Title of Paper
PHY 301
PHY 302
PHY 303
Nuclear Physics
Solid State Physic
PHY 304
PHY 305
PITY 305 / PHY
307
PHY 308
Quanturrl
Mechanics II
Elementary
Particles and
Astroohvsics
Practical V
Practical VI-A or
Max. Marks
Max. Marks
fExternal)
flnternal)
80
80
80
20
20
20
100
100
100
BO
20
100
15
15
15
15
50
480
VI-B
Viva Voce
50
Total
Total
')
5
-^
r6
a
IV
SEMESTER
p-ny+oslPgY
407 tPHY 4081
F--.aoicd
Vttt
15
120
OR
(306 & 406
combined; or
& one of 4o7,4og
hoject
60 (307) and 60
OR
15 (For 409)
or using LINUX (OS)
can be carried out in Windows
Note: Computer Programming
List of Electives
:
from a cluster
more than one Elective
- rtry centre may offer
cluster
each
from
chosen
be
Note : One to
*r"" only one fron each cluster'
simultaneously, but Ji#t,l,.,;i
"
Cluster
I
Cluster
II
- Electronic Instrumentauon
;iiY;o5it - communication Electronics
PHY403C - Material Science
software and Applicadons
;ii"i65i - Co*p""t
Processing
signal
i,iivaoie - Digi6l
PhYsics
Radiation
PHYaOef -
PHY403A
Cluster
III
Appropriate-ri::IT:r'"fflll1lfifl,TJf;ffJ:crusters
order to incorPorate nt
time to time
bv the Board or studies rrom
c
'r6e
6
DETAILED SYLLABUS
SEMESTER
I
PHYlOl : MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS
1. Vectors
orthogonal
Laplace's
"
I
coordinates,- Gradient, Divergence
and Curl in
spherical
coordinates, Llaplacian ,p"*or,
-polar
uations, Vector
integrati6n
Text : Arfken & Weber,
Se
2. Matrices and Tensors
Yni,r.y matrices, Similarity
Contraction, Direct products,,
(9 hours)
Physics, Separation
of
variables.
, Self-adjoint differential equation,
and their pn:penies, Schmidi
g.4
(12 hours)
nctions of
Spherical
formula,
Laguerre
ber, Sections
ll.l,
lO.4,l..l5,
(20 hours)
_
111 11.3, ll.Z, l2.l _ 12.4,12.6,
ll.l, 13.2
General properties, Advantages, Uses
of Fourier se.res, e.operties oiir.fii".
series, Fourier
sform, Properties, Inverse tr-anifo.m,
T.;;rf; ,r tri" a-J.ir.tiri'llnvorrtion theorem,
Text : Arfkm & webei, Sections l4.l
(r0 hoursi
t
- 144,152 - 15.5, 15.g
Textbook r
.*
1"1"';f"ft"Jrand
H'J'weber : "Mathematical Methods for physicists
(s,r Edirion, 20or).(Academic hess)
ts (3d
Edition),'(McGraw Hill)
India 2002)
PHYlO2 ELECTRODYNAMICS AND
PLASMA PHYSICS
l,s equalidns, potential
harmonic
fields
fu
nctions, Elecromagnetic
(g hours)
Hanl-1q1es.in lossy media, Group velocity,
incidence at a plane conduaine
boundarv
ence at a plane dielectric boundiry,
otli;,i;
I
(10 hours)
rti:
ns,
Pa
Parallel
;",T:;
(12 hours)
phenomenon, Transformation
of the field, Electric
field tensor, Elecnodynami", i, l.rro.
notation,
(14 hours)
tl
"q
of
eiectric
nt equation,
ing, Jvlotion of charged
and Vlasov equations'
onic waves and Alfuen
(16 hours)
concepts
form
waves
Text : Chen, Sections 1.1 - 1.6, 2.2 - 2.2.2,3.1 - 3'3'2, 4'3, 4'18, 4'19
Text Books
:
(Addjsson wesley)
Inuoductory Electrodynamics" (Prentice Hal] o{ India, 1989)
volume I and
3. F. F. Chen, Introduction to plrr., Physics and controlled Fusion,
edition
Reference books :
i. X.f . Goswami, Introduction to Plasma Physics - Central Book House, Calcutta
i'Classical Elecuodynamics" (3d Ed') (Wiley,1999)
2. J.D.Jackson :
1.
David K. cheng
2. David Griffiths :
: .. Field and wave Electromagnetics"
..
II'
Plenum Press' recent
PIrY 103 : CLASSICAL MECHAMCS
i
Eigen value equation, EiSenvec-tors and Eigenvalues'
n ates, a*",;rlrr1l""r;
o f"f."" vibrations, Norm a[ co o rdi
Text : Goldstein, Sections
6.
and
cycles, Chaos : Logistic map,
i*t; Bhatia, Seciionslo.l,
aI pginE of trajectories' Nonlineu oscillations' Limit
(12 hours) '
od doubling' Universality'
5. Nonlinear Equations
1
Mechanics' (Adrlison
-7ct"rri.al
Text Books : 1. Goldstein "Classical
z. v.s.ntr-a:ti",
5.
W$gfl
Mechanics" (Narosa Publications, 1997)
DYnamics" (WileY' 1989)
McGraw Hill)
ical Mechanics" (fata McGraw Hill)
(2"d Edition )" (Addison Wesley 1998)
Laxmana: "Nonlinear Dynamics" (Springer Verlag' 2001)
i4l
it
PTTY 104 ELECTROMCS
1. Field Effect Tlaruistor : Biasing of FE! Small
sigral model, Analysis of Common Source and
Drain amplifier, High. frequency ,iporre, i,ff
WR and its applications, Digital MOSFETCommon
circuits
Text
: Millman
",
and Halkias : 'Integrated Electronics'(fata McGraw
Hilt 2002) sections ,o.o - ,Jlrlo""t)
devices and ircuii ttreorv,
& i. Nrri"rrrrl'i"""ron Education
noue;;;;;il""d
[fri1ff;;"Slectrqnic
r, scale changer,
s
rotu]"*
based astable and
Active
il%;rJ:#"tan
and Halkias
and
Pass
: 'lntegrated Electronics' (fata McGraw Hiu 2002),
sectio", f',u',.#tT],
Reference :
tegrated Circuits,
(20 hours)
Text books for module S :
'Digitat principres and App_rications(3.d Ed.)- (rata
McGraw Hirt, 197g) sections
ter 8 complete, 12.1, 12.4, [Z.s
Digitar Erectronics" frata McGraw Hirt)
sections 11.g, 11.91 - 11.93
@or charge
l; i;l3T :;.T:utd"-*tats
of Microprocessors and Microcomputers
@hanapathi Rai & Sons) Sections 1.5
'General references :
1' M.S.Tyagi ; "Introduction to Semiconductor
Devices,, \vv,Ev.,
(wiley)
2. Millman and Halkias :
..Handbook
3. Gupta and Kumar :
of Elect.;nicy,
..rntegrrtJHe;;;I"*r
II,
^ii
PHY 105 (Practicals I - GEfrERAL PHYSICS I)
Internal evaluation to be done in the respective
Note : 1. All the experiments should i."otu. error analysis.
the end of each semester itself. Practical
at
semesters and marks iT iJ r"li-*.J i, in" controrier
of viva voce in each semester' One mark is to
time
the
at
examiners
observation book to U" s"U*ittea to the
not done by the student if a total of 8 experiments
be deducted from internal marks for each e*perime, t
tdevelopedatthelnterUniversityAcceleratorCentre,NewDelhi,may
er Possible.
(At least 8 experiments should be done)
To determine Y and o of the material of
1. Y and o - Interference method (a) elliptical @) hyperbolic fringes'
fringes formed in an interference set up
the giren specimen by observing ttre ettipticat and hyperbolic
2.
'
3.
on
4-
Tod
and in
- Jaeg
different temperatulres by Jaeger's method of observing
first and second mode constants of
a steel
vibrating strip;
of vibration by the Melde's string method
ersion.
and the dielecuic constant of the given oil by measurem
11. Maxwell's L/C bridge -To determine the resist
Maxwell's L/C bridge
cs for students - Methusen
& Co (1950)
Butterworth (1970)
- Oxford UniversitY Press (1988)
5.
S.p. Singh -Advanced Practical Physics
- Vol I & II -
ries of volumes - Academic Prebs Inc (1988)
Pragati Prakasan' Meerut (2003) - 13'h Edition
.\E
il
10
PIIY
106 (Practicals
II - ELECTRONICS I)
Note : At teast 8 experiments should be done. Internal evaluation to be done in the respective semesters
and marks to be intimated to the conroller at the end of each semester itself. Practical observation
book to be submitted to the examiners at the time of viva voce in each semester. One mark is to be
deducted from internal marks for each experiment not done by the student if a total of 8 experiments
are not done in each semester)
1.
MOSFET characteristics -d appiications: To study the claraoeristics of a MOSFET and to determine VO
impedances and frequency response.
2. UJT characteristics and relaxation oscillator (construct relaxation oscillator & sharp pulse generator )
3. Charaoeristics of s Silicon controlld rectifier (Half wave and full wave)
4. Voltage regulation using transistors with feedback (regulation characteristics with load for different input
. voltages and variation of ripple % with load)
5. Single suge RC coupled Negative feed back amplifier (input, output resistance, frequency response with &
without feedback)
6. TWo stage RC coupled amplifier ( input and output resistance and frequency r€sponse induding Bode ploa)
7. RC coupled FET amplifier - corlmon source (frequency response, iirput &output resistance)
8. Complementary symmetry Class B push-pull power amplifier (transformerless) (/O impedances, efficiency
and frequency response)
9. Differential amplifier using transistors (UO impedances, frequency response, CMRR )
10. Amplitude modulation and detection using transistors (modulation index & recovery of modulating signal)
11. Darlington pair amplifier (gain, frequency response, input &output resistances )
12. Wier-r bridge oscillator using OP AMP (For different frequencies, distortion due to feedback resistor, compare
with design values)
13, Sawtooth generator usirig transistors and Miller sweep circuit using OPAMPS (for different frequencies)
Reference Books :
1. Paul B. Zhar and A.P. Malvino - Basic Elecuonics - A Text Book Manual - JMH publisffng_(1983)
2. A.P. Malvino - Basic Elecuonics - A texdab manual - Tata McGraw HiIl (1992)
3. R Bogart and J. Brown -Experiments for elecuonic devices and circuis -.Menill Intemational series (1985)
4. Buchla - Digital Experimens - Merrill International series (1984)
5. S.P. Singh - Pragati Advanced Practical Physics - Vol I & II - hagati hakasan Meerut (2003) - 136 Edition
i
)
1L
iQr
.l
SEMESTER
II
PHY 201 : MATTIEMATICAL PTrySICS I
i. Functions of Complex Variables : Introduction, Analyticity, Cauchy-Reimann conditions, Cauchy's integral
th"or.111 and integral formula, Laurent expansion,
Singuluities, Calculus of residues and applications (11 hours)
Text : Arfken and Weber, Section$ 6.1 - 65, 7.1 -7.2
product
2. Group Theory : Groups, Multiplication Table, Conjugate elements and classes, Subgroups, Direct
group5, tiomorphism and homomorphism, Permutation groups, Distinct groups of given
Text : Joshi, Sections 1.1 - 1.8
order'
(12 hours)
ntations, Schur's lemmas, orthogonality theorem and
examples, Ineducible representations of
equation, Symmetry and degeneracy, Basis functions of
aiplicationi (Qualiiative ont!; to Nuclear and Particle Physics
Texts : Tinkham, Sections 3.1 - 3.5, 3.7, 3.8
Joshi, Sections 3.1 - 3-6, 3.8, 5.4,45, 4.8
4. Calculus of Variations
rs, Slmmetry group of the Schrodinger
presentations, SU(2) group, SU(3) group'
(15 hours)
ariable, Applications of the Euler equation'
ent and independent variables' Lagrarige
Generalization to several
Multipliers, Variation subje
Text: Arfken and Weber,
technique'
(9 hours)
and
5. Integral equations and Green's function: Integral equations -'introduction, Integral transforms
generat;g funitions, Neumann series, separable kernel, Green's function - Non homogeneous equations, Green's
fiinaion,"sy.metry of Green's function, form of Green's'function, Example - Quanlum mechanical scattering
(13 hours)
Text :
Arlken and \ilebbr, Sections
TextBooks
16.1
-
16.3, 8'7
:
..Mathemarical Methods For Physicists" (5'b Edition, 2001) (A-cademic hess)
G.B.Arfken and H.J. weben :
..Elements of Group Theory For Physicists" (New Age International PublishersNew Delhi - 2002)
2. A.W.Joshi :
,.Group Theory and
Quanirm Mechanics" Cfata-Mccraw-Hill)
3. M.Tinkham :
Rdertnce books :
1. Mathematical Physics by A. Ghatak
2. Group theory for Physiciss by Wukitung (World Scientific)
1.
PTTY
202: NT.'MERICAL TECHNIQTJES AND COMPUTER PROGRAMMING
t
Order of convergence,
1. Roots,of tranqcendental equations : Solution by iteration, Convergence criterion,
(6 hours)
Newton-Raphson method, Bisection (half interval) method
ation, Interpolating polynomials, Lagrange interpolating
ewton forward and backward difference
".In,T3i"1":.ri
quations : Trapezoidal and Simpson's methods, Newton
differential equations - Euler's method, Milne's method,
(12 hours)
7.6.2
onstants and variables, Type declarations, Arithmetic
Text : Rajaraman (Fortran)' Relevant
sections
variabres, Data types, Type decraration of variables,
nd decrement operators, Conditional operator, Bitwise
oPerators and expressions, Assignment oPerators'
fulictions, InpuUoutput statements, Formatted I/O,
-
.\E
72
f, if...else, switch statemenu, Looping, While,
do
voids, Srucnues_, pointers(element-ary-iae",
onf yl,
and closing of
TextBooks :
1. S.S.Sha
2. V.Rajar
files
(fS hoursi
f numerical analysis,, (prentice Hall of India,19g3)
ng in_Forrran i7; @re;iice Hat of India,t999)
ft":"rjl-
A.NSr c"(rata_rricC.awu-iir, rsszy
1. V.Rajaraman
: "N
J.B.scarborou
2. J.H,Rice
3.
4. Hildebrand
PITY 203
:
and anglysis,, (McGraw
cal
Hill, 1gg3)
analyiis,,(d;};il;;jEH,
:
66 edition)
STATISTICAL MECHANICS
t. ihe wticrocanonical Ensemble
: Expressing T, p
:Bitriii:,[,]
(12 Hours)
n ideal Bose gas- Thermodynamics of the
blackbody
I' Id:"IFermi systems - Thermodynamic behaviour of an ideal Fermi gas- Magnetic behaviour
":::::lstars_
5,#1,3il;l'J jix]:paramagnetis,i,, izl irril, a"-rg;ti;;-s^,#r,i.a equilibrium or white dwarr
Text: Pathria, Sections g.l,g.Z,g.4
IsJ#$;":"-Tr3
1.
2.
3.
:
(8 Hours)
A.S
'statisticar Mechanics'@utterworth-Heinemgnn,l996x
edition) (Wiley, 1987)
sics"
2+ Edition )
13
P[IY204
: QUANTIM TT"i?a^r"r,
1. The Formulation of Quantum Mechanics : Vector spaces, The Hilbert space, Dimensions and basis,
Operators and properties, Representation of vectors and operators, Commutator, Functions of operators, Eigen
values and eigen vectors, Mauix representation of bras, kets and operators, Coordinate and momentum
representations and their connection, The fundamental postulates Probability density, Superposition principle,
Observables and operators, The uncertainty principle
(13 hours)
Texts: Thankappm, Sections 2.L - 2.4, 3.1, 32
2. Quantum Dynamics : The equation of motion, Schrodinger, Heisenberg and the Interaction pictures of time
development, The linear harmonic oscillator in the Schroedinger and Heisenberg pictures, Hydrogen atom
(9 hours)
Texts : Thankappan, Sections 4.1, 42
3. Theory of Angular Momentum : Angular momentum operators, Matix representation of angular momentum
operators, Pauli spin matrices, Orbital angular momentum, The hydrogen atom, Addition of angular momenta,
Clebsh{ordon coefficients, Simple examples
(16 hours)
Texts : Thankappan, Sections 5.1 - 55 A
4. Symmetry and Coruerryation Laws : Space-time symmetries, Space uanslation and conservation of linear
momentum, Time translation and conservation of bnergy, Space rotation and conservation of angular momentum,
SDace inversion and time reversal, Identical particles, Construction of symmetric and anti symmetric wave
fuhctions, Slater determinant, Pauli exclusion.principle, Bosons and Fermions, Spin wave ftrhctions for two
electrons, The ground state of He atom, Scattering of identical particles
(10 hours)
Texts : Thankappan, Sections 6.1, 6.2, 9.1 - 9.3
5. Scattering : Scattering cross section and scattering amplitude, Low energy scattering by a central potential,
The method of partial waves, Phase shifs, Optical theorem, Convergence of partial wave series, Scattering by a
rigid sphere, Scattering by a square well potential, High energy scattering, Scattering integral equation and Born
approximation
(12 hours)
Text: Thankappan, Sections 7.1 -73
Textbooks
:
i. V.X.ffranlappan
Referencebooks
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
5.
7.
8.
: "Quantum Mechanics" (Wiley Eastern)
:
N. Zettili, "Quantum Mechanics
- Concepts and applications' (John Wiley & Sons, 2004)
Mechanics" (McGraw Hill)
P.M.Mathews and K.Venkatesan : "A Textbook of Quantum MechaniCs" (Tata McGravg Hill)
A.Messiah : "Quantum Mechanics"
J.J.Sakurai : "Modern Quantum Mecianics" (Addison Wesley)
Stephen Gasiorowics : "Quantum Physics"
A.Ghatak and S.Lokanathan : "Quantum Mechanics" (Macmillan)
V. Devanathan : "Quantum Mechanics " (Narosa, 2005)
L.I.Schiff
: "Quantum
ti;-
I
'Ga
L4
PI{Y 205 ( Practicals III - GEIYERAL'PHYSICS II)
Note : 1. All the experimens should involve error analysis. Internal'evaluation to be done in the respective
semesters and marks to bc intimated to the controller at the end of each semester itseE Practical
observation book to be submitted to the examiners at the time of viva voce in each semester. One mark is to
be deducted from internal marks for each experiment not done by the student if a total of 8 orperiments
ar= not done in each s€mester.
2. The PHOEIIIIX Experimentd Kit developed at the Inter University Accelerator Cenfit, New Delhi, may
be used for the experiments wherever possible.
(At least 8 experiments should be done)
1. Determination of frequency of an oscillator
- To consruct
an oscillator and determine frequency using
frequency briQle.
2. Susceptibifity .measurement by Quincke's and Guoy's methods specimen
3. Cauchy's constants.
-
Paramagnetic susceptibility
of sdlt and
Liquid prism (different concentrations)
4. Michelson's interferometer - (a) l, and (b) dl, and thickness of mica sheer
5. Fabry Perot Etalon - l, and thickness of air film.
6. Expansiol of crystal - The coefficient of expansion of a crystal by studying the interference fringes formed by
air wedge / by Newton's rings
7. Temperature of sodium flame. - To determine tle temperature of the sodium flame by comparison with an
incandescent lamp using a specEometer
8. Single phase transformer - Measluement of L, R and Z of the primary and secondary and determination of
efficiency.
9. \Simplg Microwave experiments - To determine standing wave ratios, guide and free'space wavelengths,
VSWR, dielectric constant and attenuation.
10. Diffraaion at a straight edge. - To determine the wavelength of Sodium lines from the diffraction pattem from
a straight ed8e
!
11. Elementary experiments usihg Laser :
t.Wavelength determination using grating
2. Intensity disuibution
3. Diameter of a thin wire
4. Diffraction at a slit - determination of slit width
12. Anderson's Bridge - Determination of relative susceptibility
,
Reference books
1. B.L. Worsnop and H.T. Flint - Advanced Practical Physics for students - Methusen & Co (1950)
2. E.V. Smith - Manual of experiments in applied physics - Butterworth (1970)
3. R'A. punlap - Experimental Physics - Modern methods - Oxford University Press (1988)
4. D. Malacara (ed) - Methods of experimental Physics : S€ries of volumes - Academic Preis Inc (1988)
5. S.P. Singh -Advanced Practical Physics - Vol I & II - Pragati Prakasan, Meerut (2003) 136 Edition
-
PHY 206 @racticals IV - Electronics
II)
Note : Internal evaluation to be done in the respective semesters and marks to be intimated to the controller
at the end of each s€mester itself. Practical observation book to be submitted to the examiners at the time
of viva voce in each semester. One mark is to be deducted from internal marks for each experiment not
done by the student if a total of 8 experiments are not done in each semester.
1. Use of IC 741- Determination of input offset voltage, current, CMRR, slew rate, and use as Inverting and noninverting amplifier and difference amplifier, summing amplifier and
comparator
2. IC 555 Timer - Astable and Monostable and Bistable multi vibrators, VCo missing pulse detector
Sawtooth generator.
_:-l
and
r.)
15
^Qh
3. IF amplifier (Two sage) (Gaifr and frequency response, bandwidtlr)
Binary adders - HA and FA using TTL XOR IC & Using NAND Gates (Verify.truth tables)
4. Microprocessors experiments (simple experiments)
Addition, subtraction, division and multiplication - 8 bit using 8085
5. Schmldt trigger using transistors and OPAMPS - Trace hysteresis curye , determine LTp and UTp
6. crystai oscillator ( For different frequencies & evaluation of frequency stability
)
7. Analog integration anddifferentiation using OPAMPS (study the integrator characteristics & differentiator)
8. Analog computation using OPAMPS (LM324) - Differential equationi / Simultaneous equarions
9. Second onder Low pasg, High Pass and Band Pass filters using OPAMP.( study the frequency response
)
10. Negative resistance oscillator. (for different frequencies)
11. Boosuap Amplifier (ftequency response, input & ouput resistance
)
12. Organize
operations)
M X' N
random access memory with basic memory unit (Verify the READ and WRITE
Reference Books :
1. Paul B. Zhar and A.P. Malvino - Basic Electronics - A Text Book Manual - JMH publishing (1g83)
2. A-P. Malvino - Basic Electronics - A text lab manual - Tata McGraw Hiil (rgg2)
3. R. Bogart and J. Brown -Experiments for elecronic devices and circuits - Vteniil Internarional series (19g5)
4. Buchla - Digital Experimenrs - Menill Inremational series (19g4)
5. S.P. Singh - Pragati Advanced Praoical Physics - Vol I & II hagati Prakasan Meerut (2n03) 13,h Edition
-
-
(.+
tEi
.T
16
III
SEMESTER
PHY 301 : NUCLEAR PHYSICS
release
Allowe
ecav
-
beta decay, Fermi-
ection rulis, parity
formura, Measurenient
fi ffifi:"A.H,i
('rt^n^o"tt)
Text : K.SJfuane : qnhoductory Nuclear
2. Nudear Forces : General charaoeristics of n
Text
Sections g, g.1 - 9.6, g.g,'10.1
forces, The Deuteron - binding'energy, Spin, parity,
stuctur,e, Spin dependence, Tensor force, and two_
ections, Low energy n-p scattering, paftial waves, phase
th and its sign, Effective range theory, low energy p-p
ative only).
(fZ fiours)
: 1. K.SXrane : 'rntroductory Nudear rhysics; (wiley), sections 44, 4.1 4s, 4s
2- R-R-_Ro-y and B.P. Nig"rr, : oNudear Physics- fh*.y and Eryeriment-, (Wiley
Eastern)
Sections 3.2,3.4 - 33,3.12
3. Nudear Models : Shell model, Single particle p
and parities of ground states, eaudrup6l" momens,
Isospin symmety, Single particle orbits in a distorted
states(lo hours)
Text : 1. K.sxrane : 'Introductory Nuclear physics, (wiley), Sections s.l, s2
2. R.R Roy and B.P. Nigam : oNudear Physics- Theo.y and E:rperimento, (Wiley
Eastern)
Sections 7.1 -7.6,7.8, 8.1 - 8J
vibrational
tion, Conservation laws,.Reaction kinematics, e values,
ation, Compound nucleus reactions, Fission p.o.ess,
fission, Cross sections, Fission reactors operating with
(13 hours)
ysics' (I{iley), Sections ll.l,1^1..Z,1l.4
5.
-
11.6,
ll.lli,
Nudear Radiation netectors and Nuclear Elecronics : Interactions of radiations with matter,
Gas detectors
single channel analyzers and Multichannel analyzers.
Text : K.sxrane : 'Inroductory Nudear physics' (wiley), Sections 7 .r
Reference books for detectors
:
(10 hours)
-
7,4
1' S.S.Kapoor and V.S.Ramamurthy : 'Nuclear Radiation Detectors, (Wiley Eastern,
1gg6)
2. W.R. Leo : Techniques for Nuclear and particle physics (Narosa)
Other Reference Books
1.
:
International publishers)
Hall,India)
2.
ce
3.
4.
PHY 302
Hill)
:
SOLID STATE PHYSTCS
(12 hours)
)
t7
2. Lattice Vibrations: ViUrationl6df monatomic and diatomic lattices, Quantization of lattice vibrations, Inelastic
scattering of neuuons, Einstein and Debye models of specific heat, Thermal conductivity, Effect of imperfection
(8 hours)
3. Electron States and semiconductors: Free electron gas in three dimensions, Specific heat of
metals,
Sommerfeld thmry of elecuical conductivity, Wiedemann-Franz law, Hall effect, Nearly free electron model and
formation of energy bands, Bloch functions, Formation of energy gap at Brillouin zone boundaries, Number of
orbitals in a band, Equation of motion of electrons in energy bands, Properties of holes, Effective mass of carriers,
Intrinsic carrier concenEation, Hydrogenic model of donor and acceptor states, Interband optical absorption,
(15 hours)
Frenkel excitons and Wannier excitons.
4. Dielectric and magnetic properties: Macroscopic dielectric field in a dielectric, Depolarization field, Local
electric field at an atom, Dielecuic constant and polarizability, Order-disorder type fenoelecuics, Displacive type
ferroelectrics, Landau theory of ferroelectric phase transitions , Exchange interaction and Curie-Weiss law,
Spontaneous polarization, Fenomagnetic magnons (one dimension), Magnon specific heat, Ferrimagnetism in
(13 hours)
FezOs, Antiferromagnetisni in MnO, Neel temperature and susceptibility
S.Superconductivity : Meissner effect, Type I and Type II superconductors, Heat capacity, Microwave
absorption, Energy gap, Isotope effect, Free energy of superconductor in magnetic field and the stabilization
energy, London equation and penetration of magnetic field, Cooper pairs and the B C S ground state (qualitative),
Derivation of the London equation from the ground state wave function, FIux quantization, Critical fields and the
vortex state, Single partide tunneling, DC and AC Josephson effects, High T. superconductors (Qualitative
(12 hours)
description of the cuprates)
Textbooks:
l.C.Kittel : "Introduction to Solid State Physics" (5'h Ed.) (Wiley Eastem)
2.A.J.Dekker : "Solid State Physics" (Macmillan, 1958)
3.N.W.Ashcroft and Mermin, "Solid State Physics", Brooks Cole (1976)
4. Elemens of Solid State Physics, Srivastava J.P., Prentice Hall of India (2"d Edition)
S.Ziman J.H. : "Principles of the Theory of Solids" (Cambridge, 19M)
PIrY 303 : QUANTUM MECTIAMCS
II
L Approximation methods for time-indepmdent problems
The WKB
approximation, connection formulae, barrier tunnelling, application
to
decay
- Bound
states,
Penetration of a potential barrier, the variation method for bound states, the ground state for He-atom, Timeindependent pertu&ration th*ry, Non-degenerate and degenerate cases, Anharmonic oscillEtor stark and Zeeman
(16 hours)
effects in hydrogen.
Texts : Thankappan, Sections8.l, 8.3
2. Variational method : The variational equation, ground state and excited states, application to ground state of
( 6 hours)
the hydrogen and Helium atoms
Texts: Thankappar5 Sections 8.2
3. Time dependmt perturbation theory : Transition probability, Harmonic perturbarion, Interaction of an atom
with the electromagnetic field, Induced emission and absorption, The dipole approximation, The Bom
'
approximation and scattering amplitude.
Texts : Thankappan, Sections 8.4
(12 Hours)
: The Dirac equation, Dirac matrices, Solution of the free-particle Dirac
equation, The Dirac equation with potentials, Equation of continuity, Spin of the electron, Non-realistic limit, spinorbit coupling, Cova.riance of the Dirac equation, Bilinear covariants, Hole theory. The Weyl equation for the
neuuino, Non-conservation of parity, The Klein Gordon equation, Charge and current densities, The Klein-Gordon
equation with potentials, Wave equation for the photon, Charge conjuga[ion for the Dirac, Weyl and K]ein
(16 hours)
Gordon equation.
Text : Relevent sections of Schiff and Bjorken and Drell @elativistic Quantum Mechanics)
5. Quantization of fielr\ : The principles of canonical quantization of fields, Lagrangian density and Hamiltonian
(10 hours)
density, Second quantization of the Schrodinger wave field for bosons and fermions.
Text : Relevant sections of Schiff and Bjofken and Drell @elativistic Quantum Fields)
4. Relativistic Quantum Mechanics
Textbooks:
1. Y.K. Thankappan: "Quantum Mechanics" (Wiley Eastern)
2
J.D. Bjorken and D. Drell: "Ralativistic Quantum Mechanics" ( McGraw
Hill (1998)
(
l\a
1B
3. J.D. Bjorken and D. Drell : "Ralativistic Quantum Fields" (McGraw
Hill
1998)
Reference books :
1. L.I. Schiff : Quantum Mechanics" (McGraw Hill)
2. J.J. Sakurai : "Advanced Quantum Mechanics " (Addison Wesley)
3. P.M.Mathews and K.Venkatesan : " A Text Book of Quantum Mechanics" (Tata Mccraw Hill)
4. N. Zettili,: "Quantum Mechanics - ConcepS and applications' (John Wiley & Sons, 2fi)4)
5. Stephen Gasiorowicz : "Quantum Physics"
PHY 304 : ELEMENTARY PARTICLE PTTYSICS &ASTROPI{YSICS
l.Classification of particles & Meson resonance. Four basic forces - gravitational, electomagnetic, weak and
strong - relative suengths , Classification of particles. Yukawa's proposal, The muon, The real pion, Isotopic
and mesonic resonances) - detecting methods and
spin, Extremely short lived particles, Resonances (4
(11 Hours)
experiments
7,9
Chapters
&
Dod4
1
Coughlan
3,
Ch.8
Sections
6;
Ctu
&
Kirsh,
Text : Neeman
2.Symmetry and Conservation laws: Conservation of angular momentum, electric charges, Baryon and lepton
numbers, Conservation of strangeness, Conservation of isospin and its component , Conservation of parity,
(10 Hours)
Charge conjugation, CP violation, time reversal and CPT theorem.
6
9
4
sections
Text : Neeman & Kirsh, Ch. 7; Griffiths Chapter
3.Symmetry and quarks: Intemal symmery, The Sakata model, SU (3), The eight fold way, Gellmann-and
OkuUo rnrsi fo.mrla, Quarks and quark model, Confined quarks, Experimental evidence, Coloured quarks
( t hours)
Text : Neeman & Kirsh Ch.9, Sec 1-7; Griffiths Ch. 1, Sec 7-11; Coughlan & Dodd Ch. 10.
4.Stellar magnitude sequence, Absolute magnitude and distance modulus, Colour index of a star, Luminosities
of stars, Stellar parallax and units of stellar distance. Spectral classification of stars, Bolzmann's formula, Saha's
equation of thermal ionization, Harward system of dassificatiorl Luminosity effea of stellar spectra, [mportanct
of ionization theory, Spectroscopic parallax - Herusprung - Russel diagram. Binary and Multiple Stars: Visual,
spectroscopic and ldipsing binary lystems - Multiple stars- origin of binary stars - Stella5 masses and Mass(16 hours)
Luminosity relation. Mass Lansfer in close binary systems
Text t Basu Sections 3.1,3.2,3.6 - 3.8, 4.14.8,7.1-7-8
S.Structure and evolution of stars, Observational basis, Equation of.state for stellar interior, Mechanical and
thermal equilibrium in stars, Energy transport in stellar interior, $rergy generation in stars (thermonuclear
reactions), Siellar evolution, White dwarfs Neutron stars and black holes: Rotating Neutron star model of Pulsars
of
- Period disuibutionn and loss of rotational energy - Gold's model of pulsas - Distance and distribution
(14 hours)
pulsars - Binary pulsars - Black holes
Text : Basu Sections Ch. 14, 15
Text Books:
Yuval Neeman and Yoram Kirsh: - "The particle hunters" , 2nd Edition (Cambridge University Press,1996)
David Griffiths, "introduction to elementary particles" John Wiley & Sons,(1987)
3. G.D.Couoghlan,-J.E.Dodd. & Ben M. Gripaios, "The ideas of particle physics - an innoduction for siientists",
(2nd Edition 1991) or (3d Edition 2006)(Cambridge University Press)
4. Baidyanath Basu M : "An introduction to Asuophysics" (Prentice Hall of India).
1.
2.
19
,4.
nt
Iv
'EMESTER
PHY 401 : SPECTROSCOPY
1. Microwave Spectroscopy : Introduction, Breakdown of Oppenheimer approximation, The Spectrum of a non
rigid rotator, Example of HF, Spectrum of a symmetric top molecule, Example of CH:CI , Instrumentation for
Microwave Spectroscopy- Information derived from rotational spectra
(10 hours)
Text : Relevant sections of Banwell and McCash and Barrow
2. tnfrarrd Spectroscopy : Vibrational energy of a anharmonic oscillator - diatomic molecule (Morse Curve), IR
spectra - Specual Transitions and Seleoion Rules, Example of HCl, The Vibration - Rotation Spectra of diatomic
molecule, Example of CO, Born-Oppenheimer Approximation, Effect of Break down of Born-Oppenheimer
Approximation, Normal modes of vibration of HzO and COz, Instrumentation for Infrared Spectroscopy, Fourier
transform IR spectroscopy
Text : Relevant sections of Aruldas, Banwell
(12 hours)
3. Raman Spectroropy : Introduction, Rotational Raman Spectrum of Symmetric top molecules, Example of
CHCls, Vibrational Raman Specrum of a Symmetric top molecule, Example of CHCls, Combined use of Raman
and Infrued Specroscopy in structue determination, Examples of COu and NO:, Instrumentation for Raman
Spectroscopy, Laser.Raman Specroscopy, Non linear Raman effects, Hyper Raman Effect, Stimulated Raman
(12 hours)
effect and inverse Raman effect
Text : Relevant sections of Aruldas, Banwell & McCash and Straughan & Walker
Book for reference : Raman spectroscopy by Long D.A., Mc Graw Hill (L977)
4. Eleoronic Specnoscopy of molecules : Vibrational coarse structure of electronic spectra, Vibrational analysis
of band systems, Deslander's table, hogressions and sequences, Information derived from vibrational analysis,
Franck-Condon Principle, Rotational fine structure and the R, P and Q branches, Fortrat Diagram, Dissociation
(11 hours)
Energy, Example of iodine molecule
Text : Relevant sections of Aruldas, Banwell & McCash
5. Spin Resonance Spgcroscopy : Interaction between nuclear spin and magnetic field, Level population,
Larmour Precession, Resonance condition, Bloch equations, Relaxation times, Spin-Spin and spin-lattice
relaxation, The Chemical shift, tnstrumentation for NMR spectoscopy, CWNI\4R and FTNMR, Imaging, Electron
Spin Spectroscopy of the unpaired electron, Total Hamiltonian, Fine structure, Electron-Nucleus coupling and
hyperfine sEucture, ESR specfiometer, Mossbauer Spectroscopy : Resonance Fluorescence of ' - rays,
Recoilless emission of . - rays and Mossbauer Effeo. Chemical shift, Effect of magnetic field, Example of
(15 hours)
Fe57, Experimental techniques
Text : For ESR & NMR : Relevant s€ctions of Aruldas, Banwell & McCash and Straughan & Walker; For
Mossbauer Effect : Aruldas and G.K. Wertheim
Textdook:
1. Molecular sfiucture and Specuoscopy - G Aruldas - Prentice Hall of India (2002)
2. C.N.Banwell and E.M. McCash, "Fundamentals of Molecular Spectroscopy", TataVcGrow
3. Mossbauer Effea : hinciples and applications, Gunther K. Wertheim (Academic hess)
4. Straughan and Walker (Eds) Specuoscopy Vol. I'and II, Chapman and Hall
5. G.M. Barrow - Introduction to molecular Specuoscopy - McGraw Hill
Reference Book:
Raman spectroscopy by Long D.A., Mc Graw
Hill (1977)
Hill (1994)
^q
20
ELECTIVES
NOTE : A centre shall offer more than one paper from each of the three dusters ELECTM I,
II
and
III.
flowever, each student shall choose ONE elective paper only from each of the three clusters.
ELECTIVE I
PHY 402 A ADVANCED ELECTROMCS
1. Microprocessor, Miaocomputer and Assembly Language : What is a microprocessor?, Evolution of
microprocessors - 4-8-16-32 bis, Organization of microcomputers, microprocessor. programming, Organization of
the 8085, instruction set, Assembler hogramming, Language for writing algorithms, The Zilog 280 (11 hours)
Text book : 'Inroduction to Microprocessorso - 3'd Ed., A.P. Mathur (fata-McGrgw HiIt). Scctions 1.3 1.7 , 3.1- 3.6,3 .g
2. Examples of Assembly Language Programming: Addition, Subnaction of n.ro 8 bit & 16 bit numbers, One's
compliment, Two's compliment, Shifting of I bit & 16 bit numbers, Square from Lookup table, Largest and
Smallest in a data array, Series of numbers in ascending and descending order, Sum of a series of 8 bit & 16 bit
numbers, I bit multiplication and division,Multi byte addition and subnaoion, Square root of a number.(10 hours)
: Fundamentals of Microprocessors and Miqo computers'- 3d / Recent Edn., B. Ram,
Dhanapati Rai & Sons, Sections 6.3 - 6.36
3. Microprocessor Timings, Interfacing Memory and UO Devices : Timing and conrol unit, Timings of Intel
8085, Timing of Z,80, Register Organization, Adfuess space partitioning, Memory interfacing, Data tansfer
(13 hours)
schemes, Programmed Data transfer, Direct Memory Access Data Transfer, Serial data transfer.
Tdxt: "Introduction to Microprocessorso - 3rd Ed., A.P. Mathur ffata-McGraw Hill). Chapters 5.2 - 5.5,
6.1 - 6.7
4. Peripheral Devices and Inter{acing : Generation of control signals for memory and UO devices, VO PortsIntel 82L2, 8155, Programmable peripheral interface-825S, hogrammable DMA controller 8257, hogrammable
interrupt ' Controller 8259, hogrammable communication interface-8251,' Programmable interval
timer/counter-8253. Special Purpose devices: The 8279 hogramrnable Keyboard/Display interface
(14 hours)
Text Book I: Fundamentals of Microprocessors and Micro computerso- 3d / Recgnt Edn, B. Ram,
Dhanapati Rai & Sons. Sections 7.6 - 7.11.
Text Sook [[:.'lVlicroprocessors - Architerture, Programming and Applications with 8085/80858A",
R.S.Gaonkar(Wiley Eastern) Section 14.3
S.Applications of Microprocessors: Microprocessor based data ac(uisition system: Analog to Digital converter,
Clock for A,/D conversion, Sample and Hold circuit, Aralog multiplexer, ADC 0800, Digital to Analog Converter,
DAC 0800, Realization of A/D Converter using D/A Converter. Delay subroutine , 7 segment LED display, FND
500/503, 507/510, MAN 74 A , MAN 72, decoders/drivers-7448, Interfacing of 7 segment display, Display of
decimal and alphanumeric characters, Measurement of frequency, Voltage, Current, Resistance, Temperature
measurement and contol, Generation of square wave or pulse using microprocessor.
(14 hours)
Text:Fundamentals of Microprocessors and Micro computers - 3d /Recent Edn., B. Ram, Dhanapati Rai &
Sons. Sertioru 8.1 - 8.13, 9.2 - 93, 95 - 9.6.1, 9.9
Text book
Reference Books:
Short ( Prentice Hall India).
Bose ( Wiley Eastem)
3." Microprocessors and Microcomputer system design", M. Rafiquazzaman (Universal Book Stall , New Delhi).
4."Microprocessor (8085) and is applications"- II Edn.-A.Nagoor Kani (RBA Publications)
l."Microprocessors and programmed logic",
2."Digital System from
2od
Edn., Kenneth L.
Gates to Microprocessors", 2'd Edn., S.K.
PHY 402 B : ADVANCED NUCLEAR PITYSICS
1. Nudear Shell
Model: Shell structure
and magic numbers, The nudear one particle potential, spin-orbit term,
realistic one body potentials, Nuclear volume parameter, single particle spectra of closed shell 1 1 nuclei,
Harmonic oscillator and infinite square well potentials in 3- dimensions, coupling.of spin and orbital angular
momentum, magnetic dipole moment and elecnic quadrupole moment, Schmidt diagram; Single particle oibitals
in
deformed nuclei, perturbation treatment, asymptotic wave functions, single particle orbitals
symmetric modified oscillator potential
Text : 'Shapes and Shells in Nuclear
8.1-
8.6
in an axially
(15 Hours)
Structure', S.G. Nilsson and I. RagnarssorL Sections Chapter 5,6,7,
\)
\./
21
2. Nudear collective models: N,i&a. rotational motion- rotational energy spectrum and wave functions for eveneven and odd A nuclei - Nuclear moments- colleoive vibrational excitations, Rotational Bands - The particle rotor
model, strong coupling- deformation alignment, Decoupled bands - rotational alignment; two particle excitations
(10 Hours)
and back- bending; Fast nuclear rotation- the cranking model; Rotating harmonic oscillator
Text : 1. "Nuclear Physics- Theory and Experiment", R.R. Roy and B.P. Nigam (Wiley Eastern) Sections
8.r - 8.5
2. "Shapes and Shells in Nudear SEucture", S.G. Nilsson and I. Ragnarsson, Sections : 11, 11.1 - 11.3, 12,
12.1,12.2
3. Nudear Reactions: Reactions and Cross-sections, Resonances, Breit-Wigner formula for I = 0, Compound
Nucleus formation, continuum theory, statistical theory, evaporation probability, Heavy ion reactions (10 Hours)
Text : "I{udear Physics- Theory and Experiment", R.R. Roy and B.P. Nigam (Wiley Eastern) Sections 6.1,
- 6.6
2. Kenneth Krane
6.2, 6.4
-'Introductory Nuclear Physics", (Wiley), Section 11.13
4. Nudear Fission: The semi-empirical mass formula , The stability peninsula; nuclear fission and the liquid drop
model, some basic fission phenomena, fission barrier .Nuclear Fission- cross-section, spontaneous fission, Mass
and energy distribution of fragment5, Statistical model of Fission
(12 Hours)
Text : oNudear Physics- Theory and Experiment', R.R. Roy and B.P. Nigam (Wiley Edstern) Sections
Chapter 5 tull
5. Reactor Physics: Fick's law and its validity, Diffusion equation, diffusion length, Energy loss in elastic
collision, Lethargy, Fermi age equation- solutions and measurement of age, Fermi age theory of bare thermal
reactors, criticality , one region finite thermal reactor, criticality condition for different geometries ( 12 Hours)
Text Book : 'Inuoduction to Nuclear Reactor Theory", B.R. Lamarsh ( Addission- Wesley) Sections 5.1
-s.7,5.11,6.1, 6.4 6.9 - 6.14 9.1 - 9.8
Reference Books :
l."Introductory NudearPhysics", Samuel M. Wong ( Prentice Hall India 1996) Chapter 7)
- Experimental and theoretical" - H.S. Hans, New Age International (2001)
3. "Theory of nuclear sEucture" - M.K PaI, (East West Press hrt Ltd)
2. "Nuclear Physics
PIIY 402 C: PLASMA PITYSICS
l.In$.oduction to Plasma Physics : Existence of plasma,Definition of Plasma, Debye shielding 1D and 3D,
Criteria for plasma,Applications of Plasma Physics (in brief), Single Particle motions -Uniform E & B fields, Non
uniform B field, Non uniform E field, Time varying E field, Adiabatic invarians and applications (13 hours)
t
Text : Cheq Sectioru l.l to L.7.7,2.1 to 2.8.3
2. Plasma as Fluids and wave3 in plasmas : Introduction -The set of fluid equations, Maxwell's eqttations,
Fluid drifu perpendicular to B, Fluid drifts parallel to B, The plasma approximations, Waves in Plasma - Waves,
Group velocity, Phase velocity, Plasma oscillations, Electron Plasma Waves, Sound waves, Ion waves, Validity
of Plasma approximations, Comparison cif ion and electron waves, Elecuostatic electron oscillations parallel to
B, Electrostatic ion waves perpendicular to B, The lower hybrid frequency, Elecuomagnetic waves with Bo ,
Cutoffs and Resonances, Electromagnetic waves parallel to Bo, Experimqntal consequences, Hydromagnetic
(12 hours)
waves, Magnetosonic waves, The CMA diagrams
Text : Chen, Sections 3.1 to 3.6, 4.1 to 4.21
3. Equilibrium and stability : Hydro magnetic equilibrium, The concept of p, Diffusion of magnetic field into
plasma, Classification of instability, Two steam instability, the gravitational instability, Resistive drift waves, the
Weibel instability
. (10 hours)
Text : Chen, Sections 6.1 to 6.8
4. Kinetic Theory : The meaning of f(v), Equations of kinetic theory, Derivation of the fluid equations,
Plasma oscillations and Landau damping, the meaning of Landau damping, Physical derivation of Landau
damping, Ion Landau damping, Kinetic effects in a magnetic field
(10 hours)
Text : Chen, Sections 7.1 to 7 .6.2
5. Intoduction to Controlled Fusion : The problem of controlled fusion, Magnetic confinements such as
Toruses, Minors, Pinches, Laser Fusion, Plasma heating, Fusion Technology
(10 hours)
Text : Chen, Sections g.t to g.A
Text Book : .F. F. Chen, Introduction to Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, Volume I and II, Plenum
recent edition
Press,
i
t;
i:
I
I
Ql.-
v
"q
22
Reference Books
D.
2. D. R
3' N' A
:
1. J.
amics, Wiley Eastem, 1g7g.
asma Theory.
Principles of Plasma Physics, McGraw-Hill, recent edition.
PITY{2D - ADVANCED ASTROPIIYSICS
.
Effeo-Pressure of Radiation -Absorption and
- Synchronon Radiation _ Scaftering of
ung
(8 Hours)
2. Variable surs: Classification of Variable stars
Irregular and'Semi-regular variables
Variable stars.
- Cepheid variables - RV Tauri variables - Mira variables - Red
Beta Canis Majoris Variables-{J Geminorum and Flare r,"r.|tt"ory-of
(8 hours)
-
: Baidyanath Basu, ch g
Galaxies: The Milkyway galaxy
Tcxt
3.
-
Morp
- Sur
Activ
of the Milkyway -
Morphology
-
Galactic Centre
-
Effects of enviroilment - bati*y luminosity fi-oion The local group
cals and disk galaxies - Globular cluster systems - Abnormal galilies-
'* -irfd;j
Text : Binney
& Memifiel{ Ch 4
Ttxt : pedmanabhan, vot
2,
considerations - connection Between Gravity and Geomery - Menic Tensor and
in Gravitational field - Pliysics in curved splce-time - Curvature - nop.rti"r oi
r - Scwarzchild Metric - Gravitational Collapse and BlackHoles _ Gravitational
(15 Hours)
ch
11
5.-iCosm_ology: Cosmological Principle
Ya,f"!
Kinematics
Metric - The Red Shift
Cosmology
-
-
Cosmic Standard Coordinates - Equivalent Coordinates
- Robertsonof Distance - RedShift Versus Distance Relation - Steady Sate
Measures
-
Text : Narlikar, Sections 3.1-3.8
(r0 rrours)
.-
Books Suggested:.
l.Gravltation & cosmology-steveh weinberg- John wiley (1972) ISBN: u47t-g2s67-S
2.Theoretital Asro Physics Vol 1 and 2- T. Padmanabhan- Cambridge Universiry hess (2000) ISBN:
0-52 1-5624G.
6, U52L-56247-4
3.quasan and Active Galactic Nuclei- Ajit K Kemhhavi and Jayat V Narlikar-Cambridge University press (1gg9)
ISBN:0-521-47477-9
Universe, An Introduction to Astronomy-F. Shu-Oxford University press- (19g2) ISBN:
0-1$.85570GX
l_.1gifferent Approach to Cosmology - Fred Hoyle, Geoffrey, Jayant V Narlikar Cambridge Llniversity press
(2000) ISBN: 0-521-ffi223-0
4.the nhysical
6.An Introduction to AscoPhysics - Baidyanaih Basu- hentice Hall India (.1gg7) ISBN:g1-203-1121-3
T.Discovering the Cosmos-R.C. Bless - University Science Books (1996) - ISBN:0-935 Z02-67-9
8.Text Book of Astronomy and Astrophysics with Elements of Cosmology- v.B. Bhatia- Narosa publications
(2001)ISBN:81-7319-339-8
9.Modem Astrophysics - B.W. Canoll & D.A. Osrille - Addison Wesley (1996) ISBN:G201-S4730-9
lO.Galaaic Astronomy - J. Binney & M. Merrifield, princeton University press
ll.Galaaic Dynamics -J. Binney &
S.
Tremaine, princeton University hess
J. V. Narlikar, Cambridge Univenity press (2002)
12.An Introduction to Cosmology, Third EditionPHY4O2E
-
PTrySICS OF SEMICONDUCTORS
I
I
B11d structural aspecE : Effects of temperature and e
Localized
.states of impurities : theoretical models and
techniques), opti-cal properties : allowed and forbidden, and
_1.
Burstein Moss effect, excitons : free and bound
excitons.
eldysh effect,
spectroscopic
ecual shap'es,
( 12 hours)
It'
ii
I
i
I
r
I
I
i
I
23
^6
semiconductors, Quantum wells, multiple quantum
pilp,i.ttion, speciit characteristics and devices based
mobility transistor .
Rderencts:
i.ila.i
h
-
-
-
semiconducrors, Academic Publishers,
.rlJ5ll?i3lrl
dl (19s0)
stem (1991)
, D. Van Nosuand (1950)
eY
PTIY4O2 F
-
(19s7)
FLTJID DYNAMICS
$yllabus to be framed
PHY4O2
G MODERN OPTICS
Text Books
:
1. G.R. Fowles, Inrroducrion to Modern Optics @over.Publishers)
ISBN: 0486659577
2. A. Yariv, Optical Elecronics (1985)
al
Physics
(Cambridge University Press)
I
-1
{
tQi
a
24
ELECTIVE
PIIY
zr03
A
:
II
ELECTRONIC INSTRT MENTATION
l.Elecuonic Instrumentation for measuring basic parameters: Electronic DC voltmeters, DC voltmeter circuit
with FET, amplified voltage and current meter, chopper stabilized amplifier, electronic AC voluneters (average
responding, peak responding and true rms responding types), electronic multimeters , differential voltmeters
digital voltmeters (ramp and staircase type), RF millivoltneter, Q meter @asic circuit and measurement methods,
sourrces of enor), bolometer and RF power measurement
(12 hours)
2.Signal generatont and Oscilloscopes: Standard signal generator, laboratory signal generator, AF sine wave and
square wave generator, function generator and pulse generator, Block diagram of general pupose CRO, CRT
circuis , vertical deflection system , delay line, multiple trace, horizontal defleoion system, oscilloscope probes
and transducers, oscilloscope technique, storage oscilloscopes, sampling oscilloscopes.
1iC hours)
3.Fibre optic measunements and Tlansducers: Sources and deteoors, fibre optic power measurement,
stabilized light sources, optical time domain reflectometer, Classifichtion of ransducers - strain gauges
displacement transducers - temperature measurements - photosensitive devices - Radiation detectors solid sute
and scintillation detectors - neutron detectors, ECG and EEG @rain imaging - X ray, CT, MRI and nuclear
imaging)
(1S hours)
4.Computer controlled test systems: Testing an audio amplifier - testing a radio receiver - instruments used in
computer controlled instmmentation - IEEE 488 elecuical interface - digital control - signal iiming in a
microprocessor based measurement
(9 hours)
S.Power conrot $CR - Conrol of curent in reoifiers with an inductive load - tiggering control by phase
shifting - saturable reactor control - combined d.c. and phase connol - on off pulse control of te SCR--SCR
suPply fgr d.c. motor - speed regulation by armature voltage and current control
-amature ourent limiting
co4trol of low torque a.c. motors
(10 hoursf
Books for study:
1.Mo(em Eleomnic instumentation and measurement technique - Albert D Helfripk ,od'*rl[", D Cooper
(Tata Mc Graw Hill) for r-nodules 1, 3, 4 and second part of 2
2.Electronic Insuumentation - Second edition - H.S. Kalsi (Tgta Mc Graw Hill) for modules 1 and first part of
module 2
3.hinciples of Medical electronics and bio medical instrurnentation - C Rajarao and S.K. Gupta (Universities
Press) for Transducers
4.Bio Instrumenultion - John G webster (wiley student edition) - for Transducers
S."Introduction to Experimental Nuclear Physics", Singru,RM., (Wiley Eastem, 1972). for transducers
6."Engineering Electronics", 2"d Edition,Ryder, J.D., (McGraw Hill, 1967). for module S
PIrY 403 B : COMMUMCATION ELECTROMCS.
l.Amplitude and angle modulation: Amplitude modulation
- Applitude modulation and demodulation
single side band generation and detection - SSB balanced modulator - Comparison of signal to noise
ratios - Frequelcy modulation - Phase modulation - Angle modulation circuits *tection of p-fvf signals
Foster-seeley discriminator - Rario derector - Noise in FM
. (10 [ours)
2. Pulse modulation and digital communication: Elements of information theory Pulse transmission pulse
amplitude modulation - Pulse time modulation - Pulse code modulation - Coding - Codes Error detector and
conection codes - Digital carrier systems - Teleprinter and telegraph Circuis
(10 hours)
3.Communication systems: Receivers - Superheterodyne receiver - AM receivers - Automatic gain control
Communications receivers - FM receivers - Single and independent side band receivers. fransminers
Telegraph transmitters - AM Eansmitters - FM uansmitters - Television transmitters HF radio systems
lr'HrruHF systems - Microwave systems - satellite communications
(12 hours)
4.Signals and Systems: classifications of signals, concept of frequency in continuous - time and discrete -time
signals. Theory of A,rD and D/A conversion, Sampling of Analog signals, sampling Theorem. Quantization of
circuits
-
continuous amplitude signal, Coding of quantized samples, Disqete time linear time invariant systeins of linear systems, Resolution of a discrete time signal into impulses- ResponsL of LTI
l
Techniques of analysis
I,
:
25
AQr
systems to arbitrary inputs :Convoluhon sum- properties of
iasual LTI systemi - Stability of LTI systems.
convo
5. Radiationand antennas: Potential functions and the EM
of a short
I
ystems-
hours)
-Power
oPole -
field
dipol
linear and binomial
-
-
FrequencY
Ground waves, SkY
trial communication. Ionosphere (14 hours)
radio waves
References:
l...Electronic Communications", Roddy and Coolen, J., (PHI, 1986). Chapters7,8,9,10,11,12,18,19
(McGraw Hill' 1992)' Chapter
2."Electronic Communication dytt"-i", 4t Edition, Kernedy, G. and Davis, B'
6,8.
(PHI, 1979)' Chapters
3..,Electromagnetic waves and Radiating Systems", Jordan E'C. and Balmain, K.G'
10,11,15,17.
+.';OiiitA Signal Processing" by Proakis
and Manolakis, Prentice Hall of India (1997)
PTry 403 C : MATERIALS SCIENCE
1. Imper{ections in Crystals : Thermodynamics of
Defects as a function of temperature, In;erstitial Dif
Edge and Screw Disloc"tionil unetgy of Dislocation, Di
mechanism, Work Hardening of Metals.
brium number of Point
of Diffusion constant'
tiplication: Frank-Read
deformation of I
4.
Polyrners
Condensation p
5. Liquid crystats' Quasi crystals and
amorphous solids,.Aperiodic crystals an
Carbon nanotube based elecnonic devi
techniques for characterizing nanostuctured materials, Q
Rdermces;
1."Solid State PhYsics",
em' 7977)'
i.ui-nroaraion to sotid
of Material
4."Physics of lhin Films", K.L.Chopra
n
i."ti.rn.ntr
wesley)
lond
ologY", Ed. Harisingh Nalwa
PIIY403D:CoMPUTERSoFTWAREANDAPPLICATIoNS
activities - Fundamentals of Language Processing 1. Language Processo$ : Inroduction-Language Processing
(10 hours)
pto*ts"or Development
p*a"ri.niit,
of Language-pecification-
Lirgi"g"
Processors
f
:
Rssembiers
Tools
Elements of Assembly Language Programming- A Simple
- Design of a Single;Pass Assembler for IBM PC, Macro
(10 hours)
)
1
"q
26
Text : Dhamdhere, sectioqs 4.1 - 4.4, 5.1, 5.2
3. Compilers, Interpreters and Linkers : Aspects of Compilation- Memory Allocation - Compilation of
Expressions- Compilation of Control Structures- Code Optimization - Interpretem, Relocation of Linking
Conceps- Design of a Linker-Self- Relocating Programs - A linker for MS DOS- Linking of Over layers-
(15 hours)
Loaders.
- 6.6, 7.1 - 7 .6
4. Operating systems : Batch processing systems - Multiprogramming systems - Ti-9 Sharing Systems - Real
Time Systems - OS Stucture. The Process Concept-Process Definition- Process Control - Interacting Prccesses-'
Implementation of Interacting Processes- Scheduling Policies- Job Scheduling - hocess Scheduling (15 hours)
Text : Dhamdhere, scctions 9.1 - 9.5, 10.1 - 105, 11.1 - 113
5. Software Tools and deadlocks : Softsare Tools for Program Development- Editors - Debug Monitors Programming Environments - User Interfaces, Deadlocks:, Definition - Modelling the Resource Status - Handling
(14 hours)
Oeadloct<s -Oead lock detection and Resolution - fleadlock
Text : Dhamdhere, sections 8.1 - 85, 12.1 12.5
Text : Dhamdhere, sections 6.1
TEXTBOOK
1. "systems Programming and Operating Systems"., D.M.Dhamdhere (2'd revised edition), Tata Mccraw
Hill.Publishing Co. Ltd.,New Delhi, 2003.
REFERENCE BOOKS
L. "system programming", John. J.Donovan., Tata McGraw- Hill.
2. "Operating System" , Milan Milankovic., McGraw Hill Intemational Edition.
3. "Operating System" , Colin Ritchie., (Second Edn) BPB-Publication.
4. ".An InUoduction to Operating Systems", Deitel. H.M.,(2'd edition), Pearson education 2ffi2.
5;, ,'Operating System Concepts", Silberschau A and P Galvin., (56 edition), Addison- Wesley, (1999).
PTIY 403 E
: DIGITAL
SIGNAL PROCESSING
l.Signals and systems, Classification of signals, Concept of frequency in continuous time and discrete - time
signils. Theory of ,A/D and D/A conversion, Sampling of analog signals, sampling theorem. Quantization of
continuous amplitude signals. Quantization of sinusoidal signal, Coding of quantized
Text Book : Digital Signal Processing by Proakb
samples.
& Manolakis, Prentice Hall ftidia -
(8 hours)
1997. Chapter 1
(complete)
2. Diicrete- time signals & systems, Discrete- time linear time-invariant systems-Techniques of analysis of linear
systems, Resolution of a discrete time signal into impulses- Response of LTI systems to arbitrary inputs :
ionvolution sum- Properties of convolution and the interconnection of LTI systems- Casual LTI systems Stability
of LTI systems- Systems with finite duration and infinite durati'on impulse, rcsponse. Discrete- time systems
described by difference equations- Recursive and non-recursive discrete, time systems LTI systems chdracterized
by constant coefficient difference equations, Solution to linear constant coefficient difference equations,
(10 hours)
correlation of discrete-time signals.
Text Book:Digital Signal Processing by Proakis & Manolakis, Prentice Hall India - 1997, Chapter 2
(complete)
3.The Z-nansfgrm, The Direct Z-Transform, The Inverse Z-Transform.hope4ies of Z-transform, Rational Z[ansforrns, Poles and zeros, Inversion of Z-transforms. The inverse Z-Transform by contour integration, Power
series expansion, Analysis of linear time-invariant systems in the Z-domain, fiansfer functions, stability in Z
domain Digital filters - introduction, ideal characteristics of standard filters, state space description, filter
(12 hours)
approximation by window functions, Design of linear phase FIR filters using windows
1997,
Chapter
3.1 Hall
India
Manolakis,
Prentice
(I):Digital
Proakis
&
Processing
by
Text Book
Signal
-
.3.6
4. Frequency analysis of corltinuous-time signals. The Fourier Series for continuous Time Periodic signals, Power
Density Spectrum of Periodic Signals, The Fourier Transform of Continuous -Time Aperiodic Signals, Energy
of discrete time signals, The Fourier Series for
Density Spectrum of Aperiodic
eriodic Signals, Fourier trnsform for discrete time
discrete time Periodic Signals, P
Energy Density Specrum of aperiodic signals,
aperiodic signal, Convergence
Relationship of the Fourier Transform to the Z Transform, The Cepsu'um, The Fourier Transform of Signals with
poles on the.unit circle, The frequency Domain classification of signals, Concept of Bandwidth, Properties of the
(15 hours)
Fourier Transform for Discrete Time Signals
Text Book:Digital Signal Processing by Proakis & Manolakii, Prentice HaIl India -I:g!t7' Sections 4.1 - 4.5
.-\a
27
"t
S.The Discrete Fourier transfonr,, Relationship
of the DFT to the other transforms.
Properties
of
DFT,
anotakis, Prentice Hall India
-
1997, Sections 5'1'2,
Reference Books
l,.oigitat Signal hocessing by oppenheim & schafer, Prentice Hall India -1995
z.oiiital Silnal proces*E ui pirilo s.n. piniz, Eduardo A.B. De Silva and Sergio Netto
-
cambridge University
5.1.4,5.2.1, 5.2.2, 5.4,6.1, 6.2, 6.4
Press
3.Analog.and digital signal processing by Ashok Ambradar
India -1996'
efrplicati"ons 6r oigitaStlnal Processing , Rabiner & Gol4 Preptice Hall
;:il;r#;.J
PIIY 403F : RADIATION PIIYSICS
l.Radiation source : Different types of sources, alpha,
sources
-
natually occurring production of artificial isot
2.Interaction of radiations with matter
:
ElecEons
uction, gamma ray attenuation, attenuation coefficients,
ropertiei, fast neutron interactions, slowing down and
(14 hours)
moderation
calorimetric devices.
shielding
:
cal solution,
formula, Shi
Beta shieldi
medical, industrial and research facilities
of cell b-iology, Ef-f".tt of ionizing radiations at molecular, sub molecular
S. Biological effects r S"ri.
"on..ps
in. canier therapy, food preservation' radiation
and cellular t.u.tr, ,.c-onarry-;if;4, free radicaf, applications
and chromosomal aberrations (10-hours)
Mutation
g.n.ti.
.fi..s,
and sterilization, Effects on tissues and organs,
Reference books :
1."Atomic Nucleus" , R.D. Evans
2."Source book on Atomic Energy"
-
Samuel Glasstone
ones and Cunningham' (Charles C Thomas
- 1989)
3.'
4,.MeredithandJ.B.Massey(Jo}rnRightandsons_1989)
A.B. Chilton (Prentice Hall of India)
5.'
ifi,u
28
.
ELECTIVE
III
PHY 404 A : QUANTTM FIELD THEORY
l.Classical Field Theory : Harmonic oscillator, The linear chain- classical treatrnent, the linear chain quantum
[eatment, classical field theory, Hamiltonian formalism, Functional derivatives , Canonical quantization of nonrelativi-stic fields, Lagrangian and Hamiltonian for the Schroedinger field, Quantization of fermions and bosons,
Normalization of Fock states
(12 hours)
Text Book : 'Field Quantizationo Greiner and Reinhardt (Spinger-Verlag -1996), Sections lJ l.-S, 2.2,2.5,
3.1
-
33, Exercise 3.1
2.Canonical quantization of Klein Gordon and photon fidds : The neutral Klein Gordon field Commutation
relation for. creation and annihilation oPerators, Charged Klein Gordon field, Invariant commutation relations,
Scalar Feyman propagator, Canonicai quantization of photon field - Maxwells equations, Larangian density for the
Maxwell field, Elecuomagnetic field in the Lorentz gauge, Canonical quantization of the toreitz gauge Gupta-1uBleuler method, canonical quantization in the co-ulomb gauge
trours;
Text Book : 'Field Quantization' Greiner and Reinhardt (Spinger-Verlag -19{t6), Sections 4.1,42,4.4, 4i,
7.1 - 7.4,7.7
3.Canonical quantization of spin % fields : Lagrangian and Hamiltonian densities for the Dirac field, Canonical
quantization of the Dirac field, Plane wave eipansion of the field operator, Feyman propagator for the Dirac field
hours)
Text Book : 'Field Quantization" Greiner and Reinhardt (spinger-verlag -1996), Sections s.l 5!40
4. Interactlng quantum fields and Quantum Electrodynamics : The interaction pictue, Time evolution
operator, Scatteiing matrix, Wick's theorem, Feynman mles for QED, Moller scattering and Compton scattering
Text Book
Elample 8.4
:
(10 hours)
g.6,
'Tield Quantization" Grriner and Reinhardt (spinger-verlag -19g6), Sections 9.2
-
Feynman path integral,
rals for scalar quantum
ind Green's function,
(12rhours)
Text Book : dField Quantization" Greiner and Reinhardt (Spinger-Verlag -1996), Sections lt.Z ll.S,12.:t
-
-tzs
References :
l."Quantum Field
2."Field Theory 3."Quantum Field
4."Quantum Field
theory", Lewis H. Ryder (Cambridge University press -1gg5)
A modern primer" - Pierre Ramond @engamin - 1996)
theory'', Itzyskon and Zuber (McGraw Hill - 1989)
theory", Karson Huang (Wiley)
PHY 404 B : EXPERIMENTAL.TECHMQTJES
l.Vacuum 'iechniques : Units and basic definitions, Roughing pumps - Oil sealed rotary vacuum pump and
Sorption pump, High vacuum pumps - Turbo drolecular pump, Diffusion pump, Oil vapour booster pump, ton
pumps - Sputter ion pump and Getter ion pump, Cryo pump, Vacuum guages - Pirani gauge, Thermotouple
gauge, penning guage (Cold cathode Ionization guage) and Hot filament ionization gauge, Vacuum accessories
Di-aPhra$m, Gate valve, Butterfly valve, Baffle and isolation valves; magnetic valvei, adlustable valves, air inlet
valves,.Traps - Liquid nitrogen trap, sorption traps, and gaskes and o rings,
(14 hours)
Text : Variqr, Antony & Pradyumnan, Sections 1.4, 1.6 - 1.8, 1.9.2.3 - 1.9.2.5, 1.10.1, 1.10.6, 1,10.3
2.Thin film techniques : Inuoduction, Fabrication of thin films, Thermal evaporation in vacuum - Resistive
heating, Electron beam evaporation and laser evaporation techniques, Sputter deposition, GIow discharge,
Thickness measurement by quartz crystal monitor, optical interference method, electical conductivity
measurement, Thermo electric power, Interference filters - Multi layer optical filters
( 10 hours)
Text : varier, Antony & Pradyumnan, sections 2.1,2.2.1.1,22.1.4,2.2,1.5,2',2,2,232,233,2.3.1, 2.7,2.6.L
3.Cryogenic techniques : Inroduction, Liquefaction of gases - Internal and external work methods, Hampsen and
Linde and Claude methods for air, Liquefaction of hydrogen and Kammerlingh Onne's method foi helium,
manipulation of liquefied gases and the maintenance of low temperature - Henning and Hydrogen vapou
cryostat, using liquids boiling under reduced pressure, production of low temperature below 1 deg K
-
29
"t
special properties of liquid helium' tempefatule below 10-6
Adiabatic demagnetisation and magnetic refrigerator,
himary thermometers - gas thermometers and
K . Nuclear demagnetisation, Measurement of to* i..p.r"tures'vapou pressue
,".onirty th"rroaata., - resispnce thermometers, thermocouple thermometers'
ao*a6ionr,
thermometers,
"'
(15 hours)
Text: Varier,
4.Accelerator
Van de Graaf
samples, limitations of PIXE
Text : Varier, Antony & Pradyumnan, Sections 5.3,
Text Book
:
Advanced Experimental Techniques
5.4 5.8, 5.9, 6.1 _ 65,
7.2
-
7.6,82
-
8.5, 9.2
in Modern Physics - K. Muraleedhara varier, Antony
-
95, 9.7
Joseph and P'P'
an and J.M' Laffer
983)
&
-
Sons Inc. 1962.
George Newnes Limited (London) 1960
Springer Verlag (1992)
7.,ro.Resonance,n"ga,i,"Vol1no12,vol2nos2,5and10
in film technology - Van Nostrand (1968)
8.
ign
g.
V' Kuznetsov - Fundamentals of Vacuum Techniques - Mir
10
Publishers
11. Nuclear Micro analysis
-
V. Valkovic
PTIY 404 C : C.ONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS
susceptibility of
a
ferromagne6 Dissete and continuous
The Ising and n-vector
Landau Theory,
-uansitions,
The first order
6f mean field
ta masners, He3_He4
,,t**iii
depen
continuum, ac
theory for the
5. Time
'r
n
ff[:,i
o' sound waves in an elastic
Einstein relation' Langevin
'
Fokker
-
Planck equation'
'f
n
^ii
30
Examples of kinks and wars in an Ising lattice,
Analytic solurion for a kink, The Sine
Frenkel Kontorowa model for adatoms on",
trni...
-
Gordon soliton, The
(14 Hours)
Text Book:
"Principles of condensed Matter Physics",
P.M. chaikin & T.c. Lubensky (cambridge University
hess).
Reference books :
, A.O.E. Aaimalu (prentice-Hall of India, 197g).
Hill, 1970)
c.u.P., Lg72)
n ( Holt, Rhinehart andWinston, 1976)
Eastem, 1927)
Springer-Verl ag, L97 8).
na, 1980)
er (Wiley Eastem, 19gg)
ena (IpA Monographs) S.V.G. Menon, (Wiley
Eastem
PHY
4{14
&
D : CIIAOS AIYD NON LINEAR PITSICS
s, The F U p experimenr,-Discovery
*H}:X'P,
and dispersion, The traveling *ru. solution (SJr.i
(8 hours)
r,
Text Book:
;:r:i3.";rr1
Integrability in Nonrinear Dynamics,,, M.Tabor (Wiley,
New york)
.\,,
R
31
ral
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
,.Chaos and Nonlinear Dynamics-An Introduoion for Scientists and Engineers", R.Hilbom(Oxford University
Press)
"Deterministic Chaos -An Introduction", H.G' Schuster (Wiley, New York)
"Chaos in Dynamical Systems", E. Ott (Cambridge University Press)
'lChaotic Dynamics-An Iltroduction", G.Baker and J. Gollub (Cambridge University Press)
"An Introduction to Chaotic Dynamical Systems", R.L.Devaney(Benjamin-Cummings, CA)
"Deterministic Chaos", N.Kumar
"Nonlineal dynamics", Laxmana (Springer Verlag, 2001)
PHY 404 E
:
LASERS AI\D FIBRE OPTICS
1. Elemmts of Laser theory and Optical Resonators : Einstein coefficients , Evaluation of transition rates,
Line broadening mechanisms, Laser rate equation for three-level system, Laser power, Cavity modes, Q of a
cavity, Q switching, Mode locking, Confocal Resonator, Planar resonator, Analysis of optical resonators using
geometrical
optics
(11 hours)
Text Book:K. Thyagarajan and AJC Ghatak - Lasers - Theory and applications
3.31, 3.32, 33, 3.41, 42,6.2,6.3,, 6.6-6.8, 6.11
-
MacMillan, Sections
2. Types of Lasers and Applications : Ruby laser, Helium-ne'on laser, Four-level solid state lasers, COz laser,
Dye lasers, Semiconductor Lasers, Spatial frequency filtering and holography, Laser-induced fusion, Harmonic
(13 hours)
generation, Stimulated Raman scaEering, self-focussing, Applications in material processing
Text Book:K. Thyagarajan and AJ(. Ghatak - Lasers - Theory and applications
-
MacMillan, Sections
9.+9.8, 10.2, 103, l1.l - 11.4,13.2 - 13.4,14.2,14.2.1- 14.24
3. Optical fibres and Classilication : General, What are optical fibres, Importance, Propagation of light waves in
optic fibres, Basic strucnue, Acceptance angle, Numerical apern:re, Modes of propagation, Cut off parameters,
single mode propagatibn of optical fibres, stepped index. monomode fibres, disadvantages, graded index
(13 hours)
monornode fibres, mechanism of refractive index variation, fibre suength
Text Book:Subir Kumar Sarkar - Optical fibres and fibre Optic Communication systems - S. Chand & Co
(2003), Sections : 1.1 - 13, 2.2 - 2.10,3.1 - 3.5, 3.8, 3.9
' 4: Optical fibre as a cylindrical waveguide and Fibre losses : Optical fibre vs. cylindrical wave guide, Wave
e<juation in stepped index fibres, flow of power in SI fibres, Model analysis of graded index fibres, Attenuation
in optical fibres, Absorption lcisses, Leaky modes, Radiation induced losses, inherent defect losses, inverse square
law losses, core and cladding
losses
Text Book:Subir Kumar Sarkar
-
Optical fibres and fibre Optic Communication systems
-
(13 hOurs)
S. Chand & Co
(200Q, Sections : 6.1, 62, 6.4, 6.5, 7.1, 7.4, 7.5, 7.7 - 7.9' 7.12
5. Miasurements on fibres : Measurement of numerical aperture and its related terrns, measurement of fibre
attenuatiqn - insertion loss method and by Optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR), measurement of refractive
(10 hours)
index by refleOion method and uansmitted near field technique
S.
systems
Optic
Communication
fibres
and
fibre
Optical
Text Book : Subir Kumar Sarkar - Chand &
C o (2003), Sections: 20, 20.2, 20.4, 20.4(l'), 20.3, 20.8(1), 20.8(2)
Reference Books:
1.A. Ghatak and K. Thyagarajan, Optical Electronics- Foundation Books (Cambridge University)
2.N. Sharma - Fibre Optics in telecommunications - Tata McGraw Hill - 1987
3.F.G. Smith and J.H. Thomson, Optics - ELBS
4.M.J.N.Sibley - Optical Cbmmunications (IInd edition) - MacMillan - 1995
PTTY 404 F
:
-
1996
ADVAITICED STATISTICAL MECHANICS
l.Thermodynamics of crystal lattice, the field of sound waves, phonons and second sound, The Debye model,
(10 hours)
Debye temperature, specific heat of solid in the Debye model
2.Non ideal systems, intermolecular interactions, Lennard Jones potential, Corrections to the ideal gas law, Van
der Waals equa[ion, Short distance and long distance interaction, The plasma gas and ionic solutions, The DebyeHuckel
radius
(12 hours)
3.Phase transition, critical point, First order phase transition, Phase diagrams, The theory of Lang and Lee, A
dynamical model for phase fiansitions, Weiss theory of ferromagnetism, Second order phase transition, Landau
(12 hours)
theory, Critical point exponents, Chemical equilibrium and chemical reactions
{ri
I
'q
32
4.Ising model as a macroscopic model of phase transition, Why the Ising model is very important? Relationship
betweeen lattice models, models of ferroelecnics and Ising model, The dassical formulation of the pmblem,
Exact solutions, Drawbacks of the mean field appmxiulation, The static fluctuation approximation as new method
for solving the Ising problem
(14 hours)
S.Flucnrations, fluctuations of maqoscopic variables, Theory of random processes, Response and fluctuation,
Correlation functions, Specnal analysis of fluctuations: the Weiner-Khintchine theorem, The Nyquist tleorem,
Applications of the Nyquist theorem
(12 hours)
Text Book
! Patria : .Statisticd
Mechanics' @utterworth-Heinemanq1996)
Reference Books:
1. Kerson Huang : 'Statistical Mechanics" (second edition) (Wiley,1987)
2. B.K. Agarwal and Melvin Eisner :"statistical Physics"
3. Guptha and Kumar : "Statistical Physics"
4. J.E. Meyer and M.G. Meyer, Statistical Mechanics, John Wiley
)+.
33
"q
PRCTICALPtfY305andPIfY4os_PRACTICALSvANDvII-MoDERNPIIYSICSIandII
and marks to be intimated to the controller
Note : rnternal evaluation to be done in the respective s€mesters
to
be submitted to the examiners at the time
at the end of each ,"*"rt"i itself. Practicat observation book
internal marks for each experiment n9t
from
deducted
be
is
to
of viva voce in each semester. One mark
not done in each semester'
aor,e Uy the student if the required total no of experiments are
done, 8 in each of the
to be intimated to the
ed to the examiners at
for each experiment
marks
internal
from
deducted
experirnents are not done in each semester'
Delhi, may
dweloped at the Inter University Accelerator Centre, New
no
3.
be
r Possible'
PART A
tain the plateau, operating voltage and to verify the
e absorption
coefficient of the given material for Cs-
absorption coefficient of the given material for beta rays
given
end point energy of the beu particles from a
y (scintillation) spectrometer using standard gamma
of the Compton scattered gamma rays
of the elecuon
e rest mass energY
ne the wavelengths of the absorption bands for KMnOo
of Iodine molecule by measurements on is absorption
the carrier concentration in the given specimen of
of
peratures - To study the variation of the Zener voltage
the give Zener diode with
10. ulnasonic interferometer
11.
12.
13.
temperature- ,. ! r- r- r^.^-:,
of ulua sonic waves in the
velocity of sound in liquids - To determine the velocity
-
energy in Si and Ge
sheeiiesistance and refractive index of thin'films
on the electron. by means of the Millikan's oil drop
d - To measure il.il;"
,r. iffiffiH,s e/m measurement
Thomson's method
- To determine the charge to mass ratio of the electon by
of the cathode of the
To determine the thermionic work function of the material
,r.
^- li':ftttf"Hork function -from
the characteristics at different filament currents
gir." r"*r. diode/triode
the given
a.t.r*ine ttre numerical aperture, attenuation and band width of
io
16. optical riure crraraiilri-sii_cr---
1718.
drawing current vs'
measure the critical ionization potentials of Mercury by
tube
ation of wavelength and thickness of air film
I
\
^E
34
19' Band 8ap enery of Ge by four probe method - To study bulk
Ge
resistance and determine the band gap energy of
20' Study of LED characteristics - Determination of wavelength of emission, I-v characteristics
and variation
with tempearture, variation of output power vs. applied voltige
21' Photoelectric effect - Determination of Planck'r ionrt"rt
light and filters
lw"nite
may be used)
Porosiry
weig
23' Specuos
22'
determine the porosity of the given sample of brick by measurements
of
amples in air and inside water "
- To photograph the emission spectrum of the given substance in carbon
the
24'
or LEDs of different colours
arc and t
Arc spectum - Photograph the arc spectrum of iron, copper and identify
the spectral lines
25. ESR spectrometer - Determination of g faoor
26. Vibrational bands of AIO
27. Rydberg constant determination
28. IR spectrum - identification
29' Microwave experiments - Determination of wavelength, VSWR, attenuation,
dielectric constant
30. Ionic conduoivity
31. Zeeman effeo
32. Raman spectrum
33. NMR spectrum
-
KCI
/
NaCl
PARTB
I ADVANCED ELECTRONICS
1.:
.'
Simple temperature conhol circuit
Binary rate multiplier
Optical ftedback amplifier
!.
5.
6.
Frequency modulation and pulse modulation
Decimal to BCD encoder using diode marix
2.
3.
.
Binary multiplier
II.MATERIAL SCIENCE I CONNENSED MATTER PHVSICS
1.
?.
3'
Curie_Weiss law'- (To determine the
Solid - liquid phase transirions mea
Growth of a single crystal from soluti
9.
Strain guage -
y
oI
a
10' variation of dielectric
f rnetals
structural, elecuical and optical properties
metal beam
constan^t
with temperature of
a
ferro electric material ( Barium titanate)
11. Ferrite specimen -.variation of magnetiiproperties with composition
7. Amplitude modulation and demodulation
2. Frequency modulation and demodulation
3. Pulse amplitude modulation and demodulation
4. Pulse code modulation and demodulation
5. Pulse position modulatiolt and demodulation
6. Study of crystal detector
7. L-C transmission line characteristic
8. Tuned RF amplifier
9. Seelydiscriminators
10. AM transmitter
35
11. Radiation from diPole
^t
antenna
L2. Optical fibre charicterisilcs (Numerical aperture, attenuation and bandwidth)
13. Optical feed back circuit (Feedback factor, gain and frequency response)
IV ADVANCED NUCLEAR PHYSICS
1.
2.
3.
ANd
RADIATION PHYSICS
Half life of Indium - thermal neutron absorption - To determine the half life of In-116 by inadiation of In foil
andbeta counting using a GM counter
Alpha sprUo.eter - To calibrate the given alpha specuometer and determine the resolution
photoelectric effeo in lead - To get tfe spectrum of X .ays emitted form lead target by photo electric effect
using Cs-137,gammas
4.
5.
tnnei bremsstr-atrlung - To study the intensity spectrum of inner bremssuahlung from given gamma source
Coincidence circuits - To coniruo and study the performance of series and parallel coincidence circuis
time
cs of a SCA using Precision Pulser
se height with applied voltage and to obtaing the pulse height
6.
7.
spectrum of X-rays
8.
g.
eroportional .orrnte. - Study of variation of pulse height wittr applied voltage and to obtaining the pulse height
spectrum of X-rays
Track detector - track diameter distribution - To measure the diameters of the alpha tracks in CR-39 uack
detector
10. Beta ray spectroineter - To plot the momentum disUibution of beta particles from given beta sources
11. Range of itpt particles in air and mylar - To determine the rahge of alpha particles from Am-241 source in
" using either a surface barrier detector or a GM counter
air and in mylar
V EXPERIMENTAL TECHNIQUES
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Rydberg constant-hydrogen spectrurn
ESR - Lande g factor
IR spectrum of few samples
Vacuum pump - pumping sPeed
Vacuum purnp - Effect of connecting pipes
Absorption bands of Iodine
Vibrational bands of
Pirani gauge
Thin films
10. Thin films
-
AIO
t
characteristics
- electrical properties (sheet resistance)
- optical properties (Reflectivity, transmission,
attenuation, refractive index)
VI ELECTRONIC INSTRUMENTANON
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Strain gauge
Simpleservomechanism
Temperature control
Coincidencecircuits
Multiplexer
IEEE 488 Electric;il interface
Single channel analyzer
Differentialvoltmeter
Frequenry synthesizer
-
Signal generator
10. Silicon controlled rectifier - characteristics
11. Silicon controlled rectifier - power conuol
VII DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING
l.
2.
3.
+
+
Write a MATLAB program to plot the solution of selected d.ifference equations like u(n) = x(n-2) x(n-1)
x(n) and u(n-1/2) Y(n-1) = x(n)
Compute and plot the correlation coefficients of discrete time signals using MATLAB
Compute the Convolution of two discrete time signals and plot using MATLAB.
l,q
36
4'
_
5'
Find the frequency of the given tuning fork by the
FFT spectral analysis method and check the frequency
reso.lution using different windowing ,n-ethod,
fl"rt'rrjlr"
FIR filter by using Fil6r Design toolbox in MATLAB. Analyse
the stabitity using pole.zero
VIII LASER AND FIBRE OPTICS
optical fibre charaoeristics (Numerical aperture, attenuation and
bandwidth)
Optical feed back circuit (Feedback factoi, gain and f."d;.y;rp";;-
1.
2.
Reference Books for
1.
2.
3.
4.
pHy
30S
&
plfy
405
:
B.
_M^erhusen & Co (1950)
1970)
ersity press (1989)
s _ Academic press Inc (199S)
E.
R.
D.
;
I
I
'l
I
PITY 306 . ADVANCED ELECTROIUCS
I
,II
I
(A minimum of Eight experiments to be caruied out)
I
I
1.
load regulation)
using OPAMpS
uency of astable with theoritical
2.
3.
4.
using CRO. Compare the calculated delay with the
9.
"' ffirfi'verter
11.
12.
13.
I
I
j
i
-5.
6.
7.
8.
I
tpur wirh theoretical value)
se
es as a
fue binary
P(represent graphically the filter charaoeristics from
g characteristics & represent the output wave form
using D/A converter (use 8 bit D/A converter and convert
the given anlog signal to digital
IC
truct astable multivibrator for different
R C values &measure pulse width)
37
t6
C
OMPI ITF-P
PR
rl(?R AMMINd
Note : Internal evaluation to be done in the respective semesters and marks to be intimated to the controller
at the end of each s€mester itself. Practical obsenation book to be submitted to the exarniners at the time
of viva voce in each semester. one mark is to be deducted from internal marks for each experiment not
done by the student if the rtquired total no of experiments .rre not done in each s€mester.
PITY 307 FORTRAN LAITGUAGE
(AII experiments in part A to be done only for familiarization. At least 8 programs to be)
Note : Wherever possible, arrays must be used. Subroutines/ Function subprograms also must be used wherever
required / possible. hograms should be general, with a possibility to carry out the calculations for more than one
data ser No graphical outputs required.
PART A
: (fo be done for familiarization
only)
l.Solution of quadratic equation
For obtaining the reaUimaginary roots of a quadratic equation for various sets of values of the coefficients
2. Finding largest and smallest of a given set of numbers
Anangrng numbers in ascending and descending order
3l Determining mean and standard deviation
4. Ranking of students in examination
PART B
1.
2.
3.
4.
'
:
(At least 8 to be done)
Difference tables
Interpolation : To interpolate the value of a function using Lagrange interpolating polynomial
Least square fitting :To obtain the slope and intercept by linear LSF
Evaluation of polynomials - Bessel and Legendri functions : Using the series expansion. and recurrence
relations
5. ' Fi$t derivative of a tabulated function by difference tables
6.
7.
8.
9.
Numerical integration : By using Trapezoidal method and Simpson's method
Solution of algebraic and Eanscendental equations - Newton Raphson method, minimuun of a function
Marix addition, multiplication, trace, transpose and inverse, eigen value problem
Taylor series evaluation : To obtain the values of sin(x), cos(x), Iog(x) and exp(x) by Taylor series expansion
10. Solution of first order differeirtial equation _ Runge Kutta method
11. MontE Carlo method : Determination of the value-of rr by using iandom numbers
12. Ordinar) boundary value problem
13. Operations with a data file : To open, read, write and close daa files
r
(FitheT PI{Y 406 - rlvanced Flectrr.nict
Progrimming OR PIIY 409 - PROJECII
rr OR prrv'40- - C Programming
GR PrTv.408 - p}rthon
Note : Internal evaluation to be done in.the respective liemesters and marks to be intimated to the controlhr
at the end of each s€mester itself. Priaical obsenation book to be submitted to the examiners at the time
of viva voce in each semester. One mark is to be deducted from internal marks for each experiment not
done by the student if the required total no of gxperiments are not done in each s€mester.
Ptry406.ADVANCED ELECTROMCS II
(A minimum of Eight experiments to be carried out)
1. Organization of M X N Random access memory with basic memory units
2. Shift register using IC 7495
3. Multiplexer using IC 74151
.;J
"q
38
4. Decoder IC 74155
5. hogramming using 8085 - Basic single byte arithmetic ( addition, subtraction, multiplication and division)
using 8085 Kit
6. Generation of square waves using 8085 Kit
7. Program to ilrange a series of numbers in ascending and descending order
8. Multi byte addition and subnaction
9. Measurement of frequency using microprocessor
10. Measurement of voltage and current using microprocessor
11. Code conversion using digital ICs (Binary to BCD, BCD to binary, BCD to 10's complement)
12. Monostable using lCs 74I2L I 74122 - Re triggerable & Non re niggerable
13. Design, construction and testing of miooprocessor based frequency monitoring unit.
14. Design, construction and testing of microprocessor based temparatue monitoring unit.
15. Design, construction and testing of microprocessor based over voltage , under volage and crurent
protection unit.
Refercnce Books for:
1. Paul B. Zhar and A.P. Malvino - Basic Elecnonics - A Text Book Manual - JMH publishing (1983)
2. A.P. Malvino - Basic Elecnonics - A textlab manual - Tata Mccraw Hill (1992)
3. R. Bogart and J. Brown -Experimens for electronic devices and circuis - Menill International series
(1e8s)
4. Buchla - Digital Experiments - Merrill Intemational series (1984)
5. Jagdish Varma - Nuclear Physics Experiments - New Age International (2001)
PITY 407
- 'C'
LANGUAGE _BASIC SIMT'LATIONS IN PITYSICS
Note : Internal evaluation to
{ t}re end of each semester
ol viva voce in each
marks to be intimated to the conroller
submitted to thc examineis at the time
semeste
aoi6 Uy the student if the rcquired total no of orperiments
ernal marks for each experiment not
.rne
not dqne in each lt€mester.
Iflll"I,ltl3#:iffi"T.f*i*:'shourd
give grapiucat outputs. rhe carcurated
resurts arso shourd
be output in the graphics screen. The TIJRBO C package (gindows) or Linux',,rr*"i."r
can bc used for generating
and compiling the source code and to generate the exeortable code. The built in graphics can be used
Whertver possible, the random number generator can be used. For numerical integrations and solution of
differentid equationg Simpson's method, Runge Kutta method and Milne's method can be used.
Generation of the graphics plots should not be done purely by usrng the final analytical expressions alone,
but should also involve the actud numerical procedurr wherever possible.
1. Study of motion
of
a
particle in a central force field by computer experiment
To plot the trajectory of a particle moving in -a Coulomb field @utherford scattering) and to determine
the
deflection angle as a function of the impao parameter
2. Study of scattering of a heavy ion by a realistic nudeus by compute.r experiment
To plot the trajectory of a heavy ion in the combined Coulomb and nuclear potential of a iealistic nucleus and'
determine the angle of scattering for different impact par.rmeters
3. Verification of Kepler's laws by computer experiment
To plot the orbits of planes around the sun and to verify Kepler's laws QogT vs log a plots and constancy of
aerial velocity) - mass of planets, semi major axis and eccentricity of orbit to be provided.
''
4. Generate phase space plos To plot the momennrm vs x ploti for the following systems :
i) a conservative case ( simple pendulum) ii) a dissipative case ( damped pendulum) iii) a non linear
. case ( coupled pendulums)
5. Simulation of the wave function for a particle in a box
To plot the wave function and probability density of a particle in a'box; Schroedinger equation to be solved energy of the levels to be assumed
6. Scanering of a wave packet
To plot the time development of a wave packet in scattering from a given potential (potential hill and well) by
solving Schroedinger equation
7. Simulation of a two slit photon interference experiment : To plot the light intensity as a function of distance
along the screen kept at a distance from the two slit.urangement
_--..
-''-'r
39
-.
i6
g. Computation of uansmission coefhcient for a barrier of different shapes : To plot the transmission coefficients
parabolic barrier by
as tunctions-oi incident energy for a square barrier, an inverted Gaussian and an inverted
solution of Schroedinger equation
9. Simulation of Lennard Jones potential, binding parameters, elastic constants : To plot the attractive and
repulsive parts of the potential for various values of parameters
of small oscillations in simple molecules : Triatomic molecule for various bond
fti.
Computer simulitions
constants
11. Computer
12. Computer
plot the dispersion relations ( <o vs k)
dimensions
on in one and two dimensions under the influence of a
simulation
simulation
lo plot tire raleoory of
force and to calculate the mean square distance.
14. Study of distribution on N particles in M energy levels for particles obeying the three statistics at different
temperatures
fi.
'Computation
of virial coefficients for a given potential
:
Calculation of a1 and a2; potential plos ( numerical
integration)
Refermce Books:
1. "Mastering Turbo C", Stan Kelley Bootle, BPB Publications, New Delhi
i.
.,Co.putitional Physics
- an infioduction", R.C.Varma, P.K.Ahluwalia
and K.C.Sharma, New Age
Intemational Publishers
3. "Computer Programming in FORTRAN 77" -By V. Rajaraman, - Prentice Hall of India
4. Programming in C - V. Rajaraman
5. Gottfried - Programming in C (Schaum's series)
Springer Verlag (1988)
6. f.W. S.f,"ria, d. Spit rlra W. Losch -Theoretical Physics On the PC_- (1983)
Hill
Mc
Graw
7. J.H. Rice Numerical methods- software and analysis g. H. Gould, -J. Tobochnik - An introduction to computer simulation methods - Applications to physical systems
-Parts 1& 2: Addison WesIeY (1988)
(1987)
and D.J. Newman - Computational techniques in Physics - Adam Hilger
9. p.k.UcXeown
..Consortium tor Upper tevet Physics Soinrare(CUPS)" -by B. Hawkins, R.S.Johns - John Wiley and sons 10.
1995
PIfv407 .PYTHON" LANGUAGF.
!
to the controller
Note T Internal evaluation to be done in the respective semesteE and marks to be intimated
at the time
examiners
to
the
to
be
submitted
book
obsenation
i"""ti."r
itser.
*mJil
each
end
of
the
at
not
experiment
each
for
marks
internd
from
of viva voce ih each semester. One mark is to be deducted
semester.
in
each
not
done
are
experiments
of
no
a""" Uy ,f.;.51lrdent if the rrquired totil
specified. only two need be done.
a star
l.Trajectory evolution : a) ProjeAile motion with air resistance, b) Trajectory of planes around
oscillator
damped
c)
Forced
oscillator
Damped
b)
2.phase spice portrais : i; Uaimonic oscillator
3.Classical scattering problem
a.eifui.
loop
and magnEtic fields a) E field from a 2D metal prism b) magnetic field from a cunent
c) magnetic field from a suaight wire d) 2D'vector field plotter
S.Monte Carlo simulations
a) Uniform random generator b) Gaussian random generator c) Exponential random generator d) Calculation
of the value of r e) Numerical integration of 1D
limited aggregation in 6.Random walk problem : a) Brownian motion b) Diffusion c) Percolation d) Diffusion
various lattice geomeries
pendulum d) F'F'T' in
T.Fourier transform metliod a) Discrete F.T. b) Fast F.T. c) Power spectrum of a driven
2D
8.
9:
:1Dand3D
on function b) Auto correlation function c) Ising model
d,'
'raa
40
In addition, any of the simulation programs given under'C' language also can be canied out using python.
Reference Books
1. Python
2. Core
-
:'
Essential reference by D.M. Beazley - Pearson Education (3d Edition - 2006)
Programming - W.J. Chun, Pearson Education (Second Edition - 2007)
ffion
Ptry408 PROJECT
An exhaustive list of projects will be prepard and made ready.by end of 2008. A sample list is given below:
.
l.Design, fabrication and experimenal study of pracical devices using fundamental principles
2.To construct a position sensitive Single Wire hoportional Counter, to calibrate it and use it for relevant
experimental me:rsuremen8
3.Study of statistics of radioactive counting - using GM cpunter and Scintillation detector - Dependence on
count rate, disnibution of pulse heights etc.
4.Pxojects using Phoenix Kit developed at the Inter University Accelerator Cenug New Delhi
S.Study of gamma atenuation for different sources in different solutions and dependence on concentration
6.Study of envirorunental radio aaivity by SSNTDs
T.Study of effeo of grain size on measured gamma ray attenuation coefficients in particulate matter
S.Study of effeoive atomic number in composite absorbers for gamma ray interactions
9.Construction, calibration of a visible spectrophotometer and use it to study absorption spectrtlm of solutions
- dependence on concentration
10.Co.nqtruct a polarimeter and study the polarization characteristics of liquids - dependence on concentration
ll.Construction of an optical fibre communication system irnd study of is properties and performance
l2.Fabrication of thin films and study of their elecrical, magnetic and optical properties
13.Study of enVironmental radioactivity
l4.Theoretical studies of chaotic systems
l5.Theoretical ptudy of ion channeling
r
l6:Theoretical study of drannel coupling effects in heavy ion fusion
lT.Studies on fibre optic cables
18,Stndy of feno & feni elecricd materials as memories
19.Study of photo acoustic materials
20.Study of magnetostiction and practical applications
2l.Experimental study of steamlined and turbulent flow of liquids
22.Fabrication and study of properties of aystals
23.Raman effect study
24.Materials analysis by specral srudies
25.Optical feedback circuits and comparison with similar electronic feedback circuits
26.Consruction and study of a Single Channel Aaalyzer
2T.Construction and study of a strain gaude
2S.Constmction and srudJ of a optical modulator - demodulator system
J
I
?r --\,
7
4T
t6
al
rH\'Time:3
l- 0
l.
-\
t
-{1-H
L\
[
--f I'
lc:.\r
P
1{\
-
sIc}
1
hours
Maximum: S0marks
StrtionAittt ' 3 3lllr6r'ksi
,
Gire
xl"ca-r
parrgtqrh arurers,
tO.il##u"tffit:H:Hi,;1*,
e,*ur1ilg
,$ rnar-I.s.
-\r.tr+'rr
tlu
l- (ir] Slrfit. tlrar .[i-rtrtiyrr (rsirr(* o].rfl,- {i|t-lrogfrfltliq. c:nrtliril:-r', ;,, 1)a[irrr(.rrsirtrr.lil ri 'rillii}fr(b) 17l+ rnqgnuJ,ur&', of a r,'tttor u *rlrtrc1ar11dhrd of rutah<nl lrtn'*.
('ci ll'Ir+t &e dre cidreclsi.stitx cf ardrc,gorral curlrilirriu'we,r<lirutte*'i
2.
(aJ Obtain rh( <r1rr<litimr rJr.kr u liic]r
([r] (Xlecl r"t.ettrc,
(,c)
tl-u+
lrudur
of,
tst
hcnnitiArr Ir.rAEi$:$
i.S
lr(rrrritjiuL-
(tl ,.')
i* ur.ita.f- iurtl hcrlritiiur.
\/ tt/
/{,r.'{. R; iS intariarrt [<l- tUlv f$(, 1{(tflE
of a serurel-mrili t{nsor.
I,,
-
l
:frLd
I]-
Prd,rt clutt Ir-;.; iu( (vlil-[t(.Ir+Its
S-
r:al Dis&$uish L*u,ccn rJligrric'- lrartrL,rJic iurd l1r1:er-bolic tliffsrtrtial €rtuat i(ilLs(bl 1l'tr.at arr dre for:ns {,f b€lulrclju}' omrtlitiorn cn4rlcg'c'tl nliile sdrirrg tufhrtnd"r.I fi tuadorl.{.'
(c) Girt d'rr+o or.rrulrles fol- nsn-linear dilferurtial t<luadoru-
J.
rla)
ltortthat ll(: ' 1):
,:I'(:')
ftl r rlit :
r,Tshos't}:ar .lii.ii.= ".
(c) l:fii+'die relation ilta.l,r : .1it t f . ir! 1 ;Jiu.[
S. (a) ll'Lat -{rt tlic rnlatiw ailv'arrugEs
cq rarrsior
(b) Ir
.q(i.)
v'(
cd'
aurd
-
11
dka*Iriurugu of trbui*:r-
<-+liarua,mr
ortr- T4r1.rr
a frurction?
is tlre
lhuis
trarrshcru
of,
tlre rcaJ frurdon .f(,ri, obtain tllc rtlari'rn
l;(
Ai
i'' )-
(c) Iirrd rlre lalilace rransfolrlr cf tl:rc {rrnc'tiorr /( ll
'= r'. a c$i$Liult-
SECTION B (3 X 10 = 30 marks) - Answer any THREE question in about 2 pages
If ,fr i5 a rurit ltrtor i:L tlr+ clfu€:rtiorr uf in<g'a$.rlg .I1. p(,\* tlral
6.
f .,lr :::': ' 'l ..
i'tit:/rg
ir1i1lr3
I
.
\ . ,/r
i
7,$-
$u,u- Lhitt siruilariqv [r'atlsffirrratiou ef a nutuit
I q1
)
i)t11
;)lt1
Lh, ,rr.
ris i//r1'l
C
l*
dc<.s rLor c]iarLgu its
l
uacr'
iLrLd
rlcrcr:rniruurt-
:
Ti:iunfouu FIehilu,lur trluftti.)rr in rir-<rrla:. q'lirrrlrieal trl:,r<tiruttts if ' i'ei, 'i1,. , '. : )
into 3 oldi:rary- tlitfrrurrtia.L eril;ttuo:x d scrxl'ittc [rureriorr-s flr 1'":' iurr-l :'
(l
$-.,--. --z
v
r6
lt
42
q
Srcnr that t]l€ LEgEmdrE polprwnial
I,,nr,r.) .=
P,{r)
ca+ be
oquwtl
as
# (#),,,", 1),
Set:tim C (2 ;.. lf,l : 2l rnarknj
furs\rrr arr1. T\10 qursijors
10. Tlie arr*le lxrneen t$p r.gciorE iE A. In EFh€[iEal rr+]ar msrlirumE6, their
[+- t]re pairs af alglts ( /J1 . <:1 ) aruJ (ez. os i. Srffi, iJrat
c,-,s
11. Shf/\r' t?l&t tlie zutl
od
.\ = r'us 6l rus dc -l siu
f/1 sirr /ll2 crr.;
the srfuatiEt cf tlie +lelrrsrts cf,a
crnl silrilariq- trarSftrrarifi
12. Der,qlor stri€E sol'rtifiE
(ri1
di$ctifiE are $rerr
1Z)
rnab-Lri rrElrUirg
irrrqriant rurclar ottfog_
rs.
fu thr dtfta,erHat €qruti{a# '%#*
o,y
:
g
fS- If L. i:r ) m'lxwrrs a Lagrrsrr polFnmial of adcr- n, prorc that
r-
l''l--t..iil.,(r)r/.r'
Jn
: 6-o
t
t
.i
t
E
F
E
t
43
ril
"
PHY 102
MODEL QUESTION PAPER
ELECTRODYNAMICS AND PLASMA PHYSICS
SECTION A
Time: 3
hours
Maximum:80marks
Give short paragraph answers. 10 to be answered out of 15, each canying 3 marks. Answer wo questions from
every module.
I
1.
2.
3.
Write Maxwell's equations in integral form.
What is the advantage of using phasors?
Explain retarded scalar potential.
II
1.
2.
What is group velocity? What do you mean by dispersion?
Explain intrinslc impedance of free space. What is the consequence of intrinsic impedance becoming a
real number?
Describe Doppler effect. Mention one of it's practical applications'
3.
III
1.
2.
3.
Explain characteristic impedance of a line'
What is the dominant mode of a wave guide?
Write a note on cavity resonators?
IV
1.
2.
3.
v
1.
Z.
3.
Describe current density 4-vector.
Write down the components of 4-vector potential.
Explain electomagnetic field tensor.
Explain Debye shielding.
What are the conditionithat an ionized gas must satisfy to be called as plasma?
What are magnetosonic waves?
(10 x 3= 30 )
Section B
Answer any THREE questions in about 2 pages
VI Write source free Maxwell's equations. Obtain source free wave equations for E and H.
VII Discuss the normal incidence of elecuomagnetic waves at a plane dielecuic boundary.
waves in rectangular waveguides. What is cut-off wavelength?
tr.ajectory is
Discuss the morion of a char[ed particliin a uniform magnetic field. What change in the
(3 x 10= 30 )
field is"also
"t..uic
Section C
Answer any two questlons'
VIII Discuss TM
IX
"*p;*;ii;rnilot
introduced?
charectarised
Show that if @,H) are solutions of source free Maxwell's equations in a simple medium
V(p/€) is the
equation
In
this
E/q.
H'=
rlH
and
n=
E'=
by e and p tf,.n io ,tro ur. (E',H') , where
X
intrinsic impedance of the medium
L r
o
XI Find tire foynting vector on the surface of a long straight conducting wire of radius b and conductivity
also'
that carries a direct cu..ent I. Verify Poynting's theorem
XII A hollow ...irnguf; *".r. guia" nas I= 6 qn and b= 4 cm. Determine the cut off wavelength and
guide wavelength for the dominant mode.
Xttt. Obt"ln continuity eqtiation in relativistic tensor notations'
(2x10=20)
^rie
M
PHY-103 Classical Mechanics
Section A (10 x 3 = 30 marks)
Give short paragraph answers, 10 to be answered out of 15, each carrying 3 marks. Answer two questions from
each module.
SYMBOLS: D(x) means derivative of x w.r.t time. Boldfaced symbols represent vectors.
1.(a) State and explain D'Alembert,s principle.
(b) Show that areal velocity is a constant in central force motion. Will it remain
a constant
if
there is a net
external torque?
(c) Show that tlre Hamiltonian is a constant of motion if the Lagrangian does not depend on time explicitly.
2.1a;
fina
the poisson bracket [Lo Lr].
(b) An infinitesimal rotation is represented by a matrix of the form I+e. Show that e is antisymmetric
(c) Explain the terms action variable and angle variable. Show that angle variables are linear functions of time.
3.1a; lt T is the kinetic energy, G the extemal torque about the instantaneous axis of rotation and w is the
angular velocity, prove that D(T) = G.w.
@) Show that the angular acceleration is the same in fixed and rotating coordinate systems.
(c) Explain with necessary diagrams, the sequence of transformations that define the Euler angles.
4.(a) Explain the meaning of norma.l coordinates and normal modes of vibration.
@) Explain the meaning of orthogonality. Show that eigenvectors corresponding to truo distinct eigenfrequencies
are orthogonal.
(c) Solve for the time period of a simple pendulum oscillating at small angles using Newtonian and
Lagrangian
formulations.
5.(a) Explain the term stonge ottroctor.
@) What is period doubling?
(c) What do you understand by Fiegenbaum constonts?
Section B (3
6.
x
10 = 30 marks)
-
Answer any THREE questions in about 2 pages
Derive Hamilton's equations of motion. Obtain the Hamiltonian of
a
simple pendulum with a moving support.
7. Define Poisson brackets of two variables. Discuss its. important properties and show that it is invariant under
canonical transformation.
a
8. ,1" Euler's equations of motion to obtain a complete solution of the problem of free rotation of a symmetrical
rigid body.
9t Two identical.pendulums are coupled by a spring of force constant k. Show that rhe frequencies of oscillation
of the system ir€ 6)1 = V(gI) and <oz =V(g/l + 2klm) where I is the length of the pendulum and m is the mass
suspended.
Section C (2 x 10 = 20 marks)
Answer any TWO questions.
10. A particle of mass m is projected with an initial velocity u at an angle
Lagrangian and hence, describe its motion.
o to the horizontal. Obtain
the
11. por what values of m and n do the transformation equations Q = q. cos(np) and p = q. sin(np)
form
'
a
canonical uansformation. Obtain the generating function.
12. Using aoion angle method, obtain the frequency of a simple harmonic oscillator.
13. r'ind
one of
is
the moments and products of inertia of a parallelopiped of density p and mass M with sides a, b,
c abour
corners. Hence deduce the inertia tensor for a cube with side a.
'-;,a.
45
tA
iuooEr eUESTIoN PAPER
(Revised sYllabus
-
20O8admn.)
PHY 104: ELECTRONICS
Time: Three
hrs.
Max: 80 marks
Section A (10 x 3 = 30 marks)
G"" .h"rt p*"g.rph
from each module.
I.
1.
2.
3.
II
1.
2.
"rr*"r="
Explain the self bias technique employed for a JFET. How are the operating poinS fixed?
priw the circuit employing-a typiial JFET as a WR and explain is working.
Explain the design and working of a MOSFET NOR circuit'
resistivity?
What is nansferred elecEon effect? How does this effect lead to negative differential
in the visible
suitable
each,
material
one
Mention
LEDs.
in
r*firin ctearty the light emission mechanism
and I.R regions.
3.
III
oir*ri
,t?fight
of LDR'
dependence of resistance in LDRs. Construct a circuit showing the application
2.
Explainficanceincircuitapplications.
tallY measured
fxptain
3.
Write a
L
IV
L.
2.
3.
v'
questlons
ten to be answered out of fifteen, each carrying three marks. Answer two
1.
3.
2.
Srtidn ts (3 x 10 = 30 marks)
Answer any THREE questions in about two pages'
oi'.ui'' the tunnei ooa" oper"tion on thl 6asis of
vi
rm analog integradon'
Draw the basic oPAM
Compare the low Pass,
Draw an OPAMP mon
Pulse width'
ent its.ruth table'
ication'
!
conditions'
;ffi:lJrill$"tril:$f,i::'r*:"'ing
uPled
differential amPlifier'
ator' Obtain an expression for the period of
imized using IGmaugh map technique'
Section C (2 x 10 = 20 marks)
Answer any TWO questions.
the given circuit. Yo. =50
Determine tfr. ulit"g. gain, input and output impedances of
X.
IosJ2.
and Irs =
pS,
$'o = 5 mS
1t
t\'
.\0}
a
46
xI.
XII.
ror from the following data.
1010, mobility = 3000 cm2/V-s,
Calculate
H1:,.iff
xIIr.
a
a-^r r-^^.,^-^:t.n dZ4lC
,<
gnal
frequencies r^for nh
^ assumrng
OpAMp
^
gain = 200fi)0. Represent the salient
If the input V in the given circuit is a sinusoidal wave of amplitude 6v and frequency
L Kllz,represent
the output wave form obtained across Rr showing the cone& phase relation
with the input. The output
voltageswing for the OpAMp is + 12.SV.
A
47
nt
MODEL QI']ESTION PAPER
January 2008
M.Sc (PHYSICS) Degree Examination
PHY 301 NUCLEAR PHYSICS
:ffirsfl i:Hffirlffii]\o
,,
two quesrons
carrying 2 marks. Answer anv
be answered out of 15, each
from each module
Ir.
in puity-violation in beta decay'
E*pt"in the role of the neutrino
isits angular momentum?'
2.what is meant o,
**ttoli"'i''iii'ffi,rfun't an intemal
tilii"a in beta decay to
3.Compare the electron
II
conversion elecfion'
forces?
force-differ from the electromagnetic
aspects does the nuclear
and singletpotentials?n-p scatterlng'
ro n-r
compued to
^-^*6rind as
^. cnmnared
,p..ia flatures of p-p- scattering
two
the
Enumerate
1. In what
;. wi;G;iplet
3.
III
i.it o* that the spin orbit coupling
is propotuon' al ro (21+1)
2.What are Schmidt limits?
collection modon in nuclei'
3.Explain the necessity ioi inuoauting
IV
it useful?
and how is
1. What is Couiomb excitation
reactions'
i. E*plui" compound nucle'us
3.Explainthereasonwhyhightemperaturesarenecessarytoinducefusionractionsbetweenlightnuclei'
radiadons". Explain
determinadon of the incident
Analyzer?
it in i Singte Channel
e its main functions?
V
1. "AGM
2. What
3.
What
is
is
rks)
ons in about
irermi's
vII
2
Pages'
theory of beta decaY'
ground sute? How far do they
Eeatment of the deuteron
mechanical
quantum
what are the main resurts of the
.-pr"i"Gl
i.atures of the nuclear for ce?
is able ro accounr
VIIIWhatalemagicnumbers.Explainhowtheshellmodel,includingthespinorbitinteractton
for this.
IX Give the principre of operation
of a
the strucrure and function
scinti,ation detector. Explain
of
a
PhotoriultiPlier tube'
g nuclei
, 'Li, ''9,"Na"'Al
a1d.5'\i
barns' Calculate
Et is observed to be 23
of the daughter
gelection rules,
s of the gamma
(W = 28 eV)' The counter
G. number of Primary ion Pairs
ii^.