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, UNIVERSTTY CIF CALICUT .t ,,, - iA irsi rrict.i Ph1'sics in afl.rliateci colleges - nrodifications in the already approved svllabus effectrrre from 2008 acirnission - inrplcmented - orders issued. ivi St No GA-l/.)2/ZO|Ol07. Rcalc1: Dated, Calicr.rt University. P.O. , 07.02.2OO9- . 1. U.O. Nr-r.CIAI/J'2l26LO.lOZ dated 27.06.2OOg. 2. Item No.l of the minutes 3. 4. of the meeting of the Board of Studies in Physics (PG) of 04.08.2008. item No.2 (xxiv) of the meeting ol-the Faculty of Science of 29.O8.2OO8. Itern No.llA(23) of tire rneeting of the Academic Council held on 07 10.2008. ORDER 'l-l-rc rer,'iseci t s-yllabus o1'\4.Sc physics course w,as implemented with effect irtrrn 2008 admissic-rtr in:rffliii,rted coliege*. r,ir.le pulre:- r-t--acl as (1) above. 'l'i;,' ;r,:'t.iil-,rl r:i 1;11. t'rr.irfi rti- Sii,rlr,.::: ;:l i-';:t.S:.1,.'. iP,a;) =....ti: p:L!-itr (l:; S',{g-qrster-i i,::'C j,if)iti-L)\,1.)fl r;crlftit:. t:jt-i-r:,..::.1 rt}:i,,:l<.,,ii.rii..:iiC::S 1t^r l;1,.: .tl:.e..),li-, n1r1;i'iivt-'ri -.r\,ll.ri;ir, r'liet-ti,.'c ii-or-:i ).t_j(-i8 lrlr,:ri:;:.;it:,,1 s. ii-i iit,, 3pilliuted li_:ilcffes" -i'i'1'.' 1';ii'l,iii 0i Sr.if't-11-c 'I'l(iii il:i-ulji l-'.:.r,ii .'-ts :i Ail(,)vc, t'il,Jt.-,j-r-:cd iiil.' ie s:liuii.]ir rti,,i il,,,.l\.i'1iri,.r1,i,-'i-'i.,.iI],. i.l r,i,ii l_,.ar;t,i- -, ,tt-. 1,,:-,.t-.tr.i ii..:jiiiiia" Sarit't-,i;-' i:, 'r,:ir'!-cii.,r-r-; ii..,.i,-,r lieri ie. rIr j)ii--:rlcii. Li'ic; ,.:i.-,,J..re :itr;oiiic:rii<;tis iii)1)i i)\,'6'(r, l--r:,r lili; :t('ttrir.titrit: Ltriirie... i.,; lirr.' i,l;1 i.,-:-.r-:rii--v,. (irCk:rS a;c isS:iicC i;Ccr-r;:t{ir;gi','. i?.:,uisilri S\,r1iir.'liliS iS aOpr:nr.ieCi. Sd,, 'l't DEFU'TY RSG.ISTRAIt ic &,A-Il For REGISTIIAR. r Th,-: [)rilct;rals; ir!] irtltluite ,:l l:oiiege oft-eri r-lg M.,Qt: Ph-ysics (:oir i-se. Coi.x; ,o1- ;._: tp' tlii-. ilX St-.ction, DR (I?G). 'l'abu lation S e ction, Iixamina tion r-n c1 rr. iry, Information Centres, G&A-I'F' G&A-ll, III Branches. Src-iior-r, Forwardcd/By Crder &ry{t, SECTiO}I OFFICER. D:qSyrtmalal(iAl \-t 51;atrrt Or<]er-\26t0-O'l-ii,i Sc ptr.-sir.sr (0, 02 O9) do,- t. .\ UNIVERSITY OF CALICUT REGULATIONS, SCHEME AND SYLLABUS FOR M.Sc. PHYSICS (EFFECTM FROM I . 2. 3. - 4. 5 2008 ADMISSIONS) the B'Sc' Candidates who have secured 50%o marks in Physics (Main). in .Degree with Mathematics as a University other any of ination exar equivalent an or Examination of this University compulsory subsidiary paper, are eligible to apply for adm Durition of the course shall be 2 yearc, split into 4 semest days, with a minimum of 5 hours of irxtruction per day, Eligibility of admission : seirester examinations shall be held over l0 working days There shall be a minimum of 60 hours of instruction per th per paper per week' practical paper in each semester, i-e. a minimum of 4 contact hours of 3 hours' duration for each theory Scheme of Examinations : There shall be one extemal examination Each written paper at the end of each semester, to be conducted after the completion Section A ns: paper shall question The 80 marks. examination will carry a maximum of three general each g.^ph urr*"rr, I0 to be answer"d out bf 15, er answer consistin anemPted: be to are which of fwo unit, iull or rt of four; to bc an 15 marks each. to bc atrswered in tu'o orthree I0 malks' le)' each problents.2 to be:tnstvctecl ottt ol''1 (onc [rom ('\illl)Dl!'s lrt-il.t: rertboi'ks' 1'he problertrs sirajl nol irc tttut'' lc1-'t"tj'''tt""' 'ri i"'rl\':LJ r'llucs in fon;tulac substitution trf Practicals PltY lo-5 and PHY 2ti'5 should involrt'etror:tnalvsis r 't :jlirll ihcr' hc lncre tcachets from another 6. The extenral Practical examinations shail hc of 6 liours duration' Tu'o rccords s.hall be obserratiott laboratory ]'he exunrtnation' lhe College,Univcrsitv i)epartment shall conduct hrve hce:i carried out' of cxdlliloers' covering the l-]' c(i V 7. theoryrve[lthatsellcster,TlreVivaVocshallr,crify*,herhcrthe fol the laboratorynotes' ster bv callirlc xperinrcnts clu the r "Halt student a mark each ma'v be tt"oti' also Evaluation in the Viva Voce shal! inchrdc valuatton uunrber required) not the minimum of eaclt vtrce for the viva for deducted fiont the marks Vcrifi.-d by tltc cranritters to ensure ihat the' rcrltlilctl Ilititirnuni nunlbei selnest\:!-clld exalniuurit'n hu Viva ther PIIY 306 (Advancetl Elecironics I) or PI{Y 307 list of Pro.iecs will be prepared by the Board of S students oi that Centre from this list only' The sam work had been carried out at that institution' This shalt be attested by the teacher-in+harge students shall prepare a detailed rePort 9n their work' institution, ifthe work had been carried out at the external at concerned at the centre ('3,rd the relevant ll.Such "rtno.ity some other centre). l2.EvaluationoftheprojectrePortaswellasavivavoceshallbeconductedbythetehmoftwoexternal The Project shall also carry examitrers at the time Ji ti" f-rtirul examination at the cnd of the rVth Semester' 1 an interDal cvaluatior to the extenl of l5 marks, to be based on regularity r'attendance. nrotivation and an intemaI presentation l3.There shall be intemal assessment for all theory papers to the extent of 20 o,i marks per paper per scmestcr. These marks shall be awarded based on the tbllorving schcme Test papers (Best tu'o out ofthree) : 6 mark Viva voce/Seminar : 5 marks : Assignments Aftendance : 5 marks 4 marks : Total 20 marks per paper per semester The answer papers, after evaluation, shall be made available to the students for their perusal and then kept in the Department for later inspection, if the need arises. l4.Observations as recorded during experiments in the laboratory shall be evaluated on the spot (The practice of presenting a fair copy of the same is to be dispensed with). The laboratory observation record is to be presented before the extemal examiners at the time of the Viva voce examination in each semester for their verification. Evaluation for practicals shall also consist ofintenral and external components. The split-up ofthe marks is as follows : Internals : Total l5 marks in each semester lbr each practical paper: ()[)sci-\i]It l1'(-\,tJ rrn,j i:tlrtrlati,rns i,rtlrrL: l:rt-tlr anirlYsts Vira Vocc I Regularity l:rd attcndance Extcrnal: Total I20 marks (At the end ol llnd IIlrd & I! combined ). (PH\ 305 and PHY 306) : Total I5 nrarks for each papcr Senrester: lnternals lVlh nrarks 3 nrarks 4 rnarks scmcster f<rr I Senrester : Internals for practicals : Total l5 marks for anv one of405,406,407 & 408. External : 120 marks for 305 & 405 combined; 60 each for 306 & anv one of 406 ,407 and408 ancl 409 'fhe rnarks dislribution for the project PHY 409 in rhe lourth scrrester shatl be as follows . lnternal : l-S nrarks External : 60 marks drstributed as follows Project llepon Presentatiotr irnd extemal viva 'fotal for project . 30 rnarks 15 marks each 75 marks The internal assessmenl marks shall be forwarded to the Controller of Examinations before the start of thc cndsemester examinations. 15. There shall be provision for grievance redressal at three/fou levels l) at the level ofthe teacher concemed. 2) at the level of Departmental Cotnmittee (consisting of the Head of the Department, Departmental Coordinator of Examinations and the teacher concerned) 3) at the level of the College Committee consisting of $e Principal, the Head o{the Department and the member of the College Couocil nominated by the pri-ncipal each year and also student member of each class (The third level Committee is not applicabte to the University - Departments) and 4) at the Universiry level, a Committee consisting of the Pro-Vice-Chaacellor, Chairman P.G.Board of StudieVSubject expert, nominated by the Vice-Chancellor, Controller of Examinations and the Convener of the Standing Committee of the University Syndicate. l6.The internal assessment marks shall be published-in the Deparhnents. The students should lodge their complaints in writing to the grievance redressal coniinittee within one week and the dccision taken wiihin the next two weeks of the publication of the marks. Appeals, if any, on such decision shall be filed in the Cotlege level Committee (Universiry level Committee for ihe students of the University Departments) within a periJ<i of one week and decision taken within lwo weeks ( within one montlr for the University level Committee). Appeals to the Univcrsity Level Committee along with fees prescribed from time to time shall be preferred within one week of the decision of the College level Committee and the decision taken within one month from the last date offiling complaints announced in advance by the University. l7.The University shall do normalization of internal assessment, when there is inflation of marks in internal evaluation. Ifthe difference in the percentagc ofthe external rnarks and the percentage ofthe intemal marks of any student is more than 20Yo, the internal rnarks shall be brought down to timit the difference to 2Oo/o. I Nrrrrualizaliorr once clfecled shall hc lrrc\()L]iIblc. c\ecl)t ilr llrc tasc ol'a sludcr)l trltqr:tJrpcals lrr ll:e sticrtittec redressal cornrnitlce. 1 8. The nrininrum marks required for a pass is J(l% lirr thc crlenral uxarnination for cacli papcr rnclutling I)ractical and Viva Voce There shall bc no separatc rninimunr lbr thc intcmal nrarks l'he grading ol'the students l'ill bc as follou's: 'fotal 50o nrarks ao 59Yo 60'/. to 79o/" Grade II class I cl ass I class with Distinction 80% and above l9.Candidates who fail in apaper/papers can reappear for the subsequenl regularexamination ofthe subsequcnt batch. v 1 SCHEI\IE OF'PAPERS sEl\,r nsTER Title of Paper Paper No. PHY IOI Nlax. Marks Max. Marks I'otal (External) (Internal) 80 20 t00 80 20 100 80 2t) 80 20 l0( l5 t5 Mathematical Physics I PHY I02 Electrodynamics and Plasma Phvsics Classical Mechanics PHY I03 I i .Sl.l1,l PHY I04 Electronics PFry I05 PHY I05 Practical I I'LIY ICll \-ir r Vrrcc i-s ! LR I'aper 'l-itl: No. PII\'2()I ol' ,<0 Paper I\Iax. Ilarks (Erlc':nrll , Nlathcn:atir:al 80 ; llar. Marks (l!!sr!ql) 'f ota 20 100 l0 r00 l'hvsics II PIJ\'202 ,- PHY i , 203 I PHl'204 I ) Nunrericol Stt antl (.orlputer TechniqLres ogramrning Pr Sratisricai l i Mechanir:s l Qua,,ti,I ; i\{echanics SO 80 PH\' 205 r20 ( r05 & 2o5 ,, PH\'206 III SEMESTER Paper No. PHY 30I PHY 302 PHY 303 PHY 304 Title of Paper Max. Marks (External) Max. Marks Total Nuclear Physics Solid State Phvsic 80 80 r00 Quantum EO 20 20 20 Mechanics II Elementary 80 2t) 100 l5 l5 (Internal) r00 100 Particles and Astrophysics PHY 305 PHY 306 / PHY Practical V Practical W-A or 307 VI-B PHY 308 Viva Voce l5 50 Total l5 50 480 I i IV SEMESTER I'itle o[ Paper Paper No. Nlar. l\'Iax. Marks r Illcctrvc I Elcclivc ll PHY 403 Pt{Y 404 Pl{Y 405 Practical Vll PHY 406/ PHY t PHy 408 80 80 120 (for 305 & 405 lll Electivc / Practical OR 20 20 80 \rlll 'I'olal arks )(l PtJ\', 40 Pt{Y 402 407 Nl _L __ IOt) _l__ 100 i I00 20 100 combined) l5 135 t20 r5 (106 & 406 combined; or 307 & one of407,408 OR PIIY 409 Prtlec( 60 (307) and 60 (409) PH\'410 Viva Voce l-otal I 5 (For 409) t l :15 I 5(t 721) Notc: Computer Prograrnming can bt,carricd out in \\'indous or usirrg l-lN|x (()s) I is( oi i icetii I'r Note : One to be chosen fronr each cltrstcr - -.\nv ccntre ma1 oflcr uroru than one lllectirt,ll-ont :l clr:stc:sintultaneousl)', but a student shoulrl seler:t onlv one from each uluster Cluster I - Advanced Electronics - Advanced Nuctear Physics PIIY402C - Plasma Physics PHY402D - Advanced Astrophl,sics PHY402E - Phvsics of Semiconducrors P[IY402F - Fluid Dynamics PHY402G - Modem Optics PHY4O2A I'II\'1(r-il) ('()t)tnntcl- Soiluaru antl Applit,rr:,,,,, l'}ll\'.+l)]F- - Itisitai Silnal l,rocr.ssrng Pll\ J().tl' I{edratiru Pirvsics PHY402B Cluster ll PHY403A - Electronic Instmmentarion PHY403B - Communication Electronics PHY403C -- Material Science Cluster Clusrer I ll PllY404,A (-)uantunr Fie ld Theorr - Iixperirnental Techniqrrcs Pt{\'4(X(. - t ()ndcnsed IVattcr Phrsic.i PHY404l) - Lllraos and Nonlinear dvnlrrrics PHY404I,-- La.sers and fibre Optics PH\'404F - .,\dvanced Statistical Mcchanics Pll\'4041-) III PHY404A PHY404B - Quanrum Field Thet,qv - Expcrimehtal Techniqucs Ptry404c - Condensed Matter Physics Ptry404D - Chaos and Nonlinear dyranics PHY404E - Lasers and fibre Optics PHY404F - Advanced Statistical Mechanics Appropriate new electives may be added to the above clusters by the Board of Studies from time to time in order to incorporate new and growing fields of Physics. 6 DETAILED SYI,T,,4BUS SEMESTER I pHyt0l : MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS I I' \/ectors : Rotation of,coordinates, orthogonal curvilinear coordinares, Gradient, Divergence and curl in orthogonal cu^'ilinear coortlinates, Rectangular] cyJindrical Laplace's equation - application to elcctrosiatic n.ia .na Sections tl and ts., 1 ;lar co.rdinares, Lapracian operator, vtctor integration (9 hours) -2.5 uni s : Basic ,"d ;h.;; wave equations, ,,,xffi#?1,"?T:r.T3 1l,Ji,.ji;#.,Ti:#,::,: quotien I)ual tensors. l_cvi Cevita s1.nrbol. i.r.arl;irl. t.nro.. (9 hours) ial equations ol'physics, Separation ot- rariables, sccond sol ut ion, Sel l-_adjoint Itiilt ()p('rrtors urrd lhcir i r'r! I ! rlletr Ji \\ r.i', , . r.: rir,rrs fl,i. B..l ,. r:rnitr),, ltrD..tion. l"l.a, r.,.: .- !, fi,.r I j i_cgcndr.c tirnclr reratitrn, rlcti()n, rieal ha tt'e[x'r. Sccrrons I0.1, 10.{. r.r5, Ir.r transftrtt,, l!{}Urs) ctton. Ijess(i tirnelions ol mann tunclrurr- Sphericar n. Rotrligucs, formula, polvnontials, Lrguerre - - r-].r 120 hours) i:r;;r:il;;i?" 'fext : Arfken & Weber. Sections l4.l _ 14.4,15.2 _ 15.5, l5.g 'fextbook : l.?;*fl:1T#iH'J'weber uation, I I..r. r r.7, lz.r 12.4,12.6, l-j.t. pl-operttes. Advantages, [Jses 01'Fourier senes. l)roperties ol- Fourier series, Fourier Properties. Inverse ,-"rr".,,. a"rirati"., con,olurion theorenr. : ('clrcrai il 1il ltir polv.rr et1 proD(.r.rrc\. Schrniclt I rtrs (it'lrcrating funcrio (rtl(il'c l)(rlYrlontials, ( :ri(\l diflircnt ial 0 (I hours) : "Mathernatical Mcthcrds lor physicists (5'h Edirion, 2001),,(Acadernic press) t. 2 ts (3'r lidition)" (l\lcGras, .1. 4 Hill) India2}O2) 5. PHYIO2 ELECTRODYNAMICS AND PLASMA PHYSICS I' Time varying fields and Maxwcll's equations.: Maxwell's equarions, potential functions, Electromagn6tic ,"a tri.i.,orrii*r, r*. boundary conditions, wave equarion, Text : Cheng, Sections 7.3 -7.7 r,r.,,L-i.-r*iar' ,qr,ruruu rttrrus (E hours) sin ata ane (10 hours) 3. Transmission Ii Plane transmission General wave beha Cavity resonators Parallel n lines, guiles, (12 hoiirs) g.4 , ro.z _ r0.4, cs: Magnetism as a rerativistic phenomenon, Transformation ng uniformly, Erectromagnetic fierd tensor, Electrodynamicsof the fierd, Electric in i.nro, nit"t on, istic electrodynamics (14 hours) ro.7 ) l) -l '5 Scc ics:]|()]l.e()llcCl]l'Sol.plalllctcr.Dcbyeslrictdirrg''\,lrlttrlnLil.ch.tr.lcd t19 ficltls,.Boltznlann and Vlastri c(luall')ns' tlnrtirrnr t-it'ctnc.at ti Icctro )ns,tittllentcquatron'llleticrvaves'tnagnetosonicu'';rrc-slrnd'\ll\e:l (16 hoursi wavcs Text : Chen, Scctions Text Books l-l - 1.6' 2'2 -2't'2'l'l - 3'3'2' 4'3' 4'18'4'19 : i. o"uia K. cbcng :,, Fieltl and wavc Elecrronragnerics" (Addisson wes]gv) -_ 2.DavidGnfliths:..lntroducloryElcctrodylarnics'.(PrenticeHaltoflndia.l989) I and II' Plenunl Prcss' Vol.rne 3 F. F. Chen, Introductio,, to ilur,r, Ph-vsics ancl Controlled Fusion, reconL edition Reference books : Calcutta t. K.L. Goswami, lntroduction to Pla-snla Physrcs.- Central Book House, (Witey'1999) (3d Ed.) Iilectrodynamios" 'iClassical : lr"kron z. i.D PHY 103 : CI..{SSIC.dL N'IEC}I'A'NICS oordinates' D' Alcrllbcr Hanrilton's Principle' onian F-ormulation : Constraints an Velocity clependcnt potcntials. Sinrp ansfcrrrnation to lrth c rettott' ('altotticrll lt'ttl' prir,:iir" ls.lr,r"rirg in a ccntntl I I;rrt-ri]1r,rr'. i llll!r!ll!,ll l')l -'(ltll)llr)ili ll j i:.:. N.:, E l 'r'.: i : L:L1LI,tttItls tli ,,i'Itroiiott iil I)oi rrincipal and ch:rt -lr:rclc i:rrr:ti)lls- - I \'l llltrl' l!:ll ilitllili)Iillilli()ll5' rackct f ornt- '\l-'illllt: lic iirtlctron' Il-'l !''lilrlilon rtrttllttion 'il loc Kenlcr pr ( 15 hrrtt l r,.7. 10.8 Spacc-lireC, arlcl bodl-tirctl st'stcms ol co osirre-* i rrd t]rrlcr aD-rllts. ]nllrlitcsirrliil rrrtatirrr cnt r,l inertia Lcnsot. I'luler's cqttation ol tnotit r; t fre 'fe 4. 1' (r rigid bodY' 4'1,4'1,4'8 --'1'10 n. Sections "Fn.nlul"iin,l Iicenvliltrcs' ol'thc problenr. i:igen vtLlur,: erlttrtion. Eigeuvectots arlcl ahons: l"tc:t 'n'ibrslirrns ], Nornral i'ihratiotts. niti". [.rcquenci principal axis translontrution. 'oordirlatcsorthogorralir_v, (ti hours) of a linear tri attrmic tlrolectrlc l'irnrl si.s.rar p.inrs olrr:ueclories. N.,li.ca.scillirtto's' l."i;,f,""tfjt;ti;rtiifSlLl'iilu1 r,,u.,ruoio,1, (12 h,urs) points, l,i.iua'aouuting, univcrsalitl'. cyctes, chaos: l_ogistic *"ri o"tr"iu,,"s,^Fixed 10'51 10'5' 10'4' l0'3, l0'2, Text : Bhatia, Sectionsl0'1. , ..Classical Mec}ranics,' (Addison Wesley) (Narosa Publications' 1997) 2. V.B.Bhatia : "Classical Mechanics" Text Books : 1. Goldstein onlinear DYnatnics" (WileY' I989) McGraw Hill) ical Mechanics" (Tata McGraw Hill) Wesley 1998) 12'd Edition )" (Addison ag, 200'1) PHY IO4 ELECTITONICS t. Field Effect Transistor : Biasing of FET, Small signal model. Analysis of Common Source and Common Drain amplifier, High fiequency response, FET as WR and its applications, Digital MOSFET circuits (E hours) : Text Millman and Halkias : "Integrated Electronics" (Tata McGraw Hill 2002) Sections 10.4 Reference : Electronic devices and circuit theory, Robert (fifth Edition) 2. Microwave and Photonic Devices : L Boylstead & L. Nashelsky - - l0.l I Pearson Education Tunnel diode, Transferred electron devices , negative differential resistance and devise operation, radiative transitions and optical absorption, Light emitting diodes (LED) - visible and IR, semiconductor lasers - materials, operation (population inversion, carrier and optical confinement, oPtical cavity and feedback, threshold current density), Photodetectors - photoconductor (Light dependent resistor- LDR) (l 2 hours) and photodiode, p-n junction solar cells - short circuit current, fill factor and efficiency Text : "semiconductor Devices- Physics and Technolog-v" - S.M.Sze , John Wiley and Sons (2002) Sections 8.2,8.4,9.1,9.2,9.3 - 9.3.3, 9.4,9.5 -9.5.3 3. Operational Amplifier : Basic operational amplifier characteristics, OPAMP diflerential amplifier, Emitter coupled differential amplifier, OPAMP paramelers (Open loop gain, CMRR, Input offset current and voltage,output off\et voltage. slerv rate) and their lreasure(nent, F'requency respo,rse. Principle of Bode plots, I'hlrsc irId llain nrirrgins. [)()n]Uratnl polc. polu zcrrr antl lL-J(l corlrpc]lsittiotl lt..,i : \li!lnlur, rrtrr! llalhi:is : "'ln(t'grrlt.tl llicctr-r:lie r'' (T':r1r ll.^(ir:ir'. (l 0 hours) 31i!1 2{X.ll) St'rtiuirs l5 : ,- !::4, !5"6 ri.8--i5.ii J. Ol'Atll' ,\pplitatioir : Ol'-\i\l1'as irrrcrT,r. -sclrlr'clr.rngr'r. sullrnrcr \ Lo icon\t'i'tcr. Atrllttr tni(qIrli()li Jn(i computetion. .\ctirc lori pass tilter, tligh pass Rt!11-r:\\'orth filt,:rs 13an,i J,.15'; flltel . Actir,e ri:ionant ba:id pirss lllter, O['AM[' bascd astablc and monostable r-nu]tivibratrrrs, SchnritiL trigger (i2 hours) Icrt : \lillnran and llalkias : "Integrated Elt,ctronics" ('fata \'lcCrau llill 2()02), Scctions i6.5 - 16.7, tiillcrcntiirtion. lilcctrorric lrralo-e1 t6.15, r6.t6 Reference : l. Ramakant A. Caekwad : "OPAIIIPS and Lincar lntegrated (--ircuits" 2. D. Roychoudhuri : "Linear Intcgrated circuits" - Ner+' Agc Intcrnational Publishers (1997) 5. Digital Electronics : Minimization of functions using Karnaugh map, Reprcsentation using logic gates, JK and MSJK tlip-t)ops, Svnchronous and asynchrtmous countcrs, MOD 3,,i,t0,16 counlcrs, Cascade counlers Static and dynamir: random access memory, CMOS, Non-volatile NMOS, Magnctic mernories, Charge coupled dcviees, Micrttprocessor irrchitectrrre. Organization of a general rnicrocomputer, C-PU arohitecture of ti bit proccssor suclt as Il-'l'EI- 'Iert 8085 12(l hours) books for module 5 : l. Malvino and Leach : "Digital Principles and Applications(3d Ed.)" (Tata McGraw Hill, l97E) 6.5 - 6.9, 1 .2 - .5, Chapter 8 complete, 12.1, 12.4, 12.5 "Modern Digital Electronics" (Tata McGraw [fill) sections 11.9, Sccfions 7 ll.9l - 11.93 (For charge : coupled devices) 3. B.Ram: "Pundamentals of Microprocessors and l\Iicrocomputers @hanapathi Rai & Sons) Sections 1.5 2. R.P.Jain 1o 1.7, 3.I - 3.1.6 Gcneral references I : - Tyagi ; "lntroduction to Semiconductor Devices" (Wiley) 2. Millman and Halkias : "Integrated Electronics" 3 Gupta and Kumar : "Handbook of Eiectronics" N4.S (J PHY 105 (Practic:rls I - (;l'lNI'lR,{t, PIIYSICIS l) in the rcsptctir t' Note : l AII fhe crpcrinrcnts should involve crror analysis. Internal evaluation to bc donc itself' ['raclical scmcster each of scmesters and marks lo hc intimated trt thc controlier at the end One tDark is to scmestcr' each voce in viva time of at thc examiners the to observation book to be submittcd of 8 experimcnts a total iI the student by be deducted from internal marks for each experiment not done are not done in each semestcr' Centre. Nerv Delhi, nral 2. The pHOENIX Experinrental Kit devetoped at thc lnter Universit-v Accelerator possible' *'herever be used for the experiments (At least E experiments should bc done) of (a) elliptical (b) hiperbolic fringes. To detcrminc Y and o of the rnatr:rial set up an interference in formed fringes hyperbolic and elliptical the the given specimen by observing 2. Y and o by Koenig's method by rneastrrcnrcnts l. Viscosity;f a liquid - Oscillating disc merhod. To determine the viscosity of the given liquid on the timeieriod of oscillation of the disc in air and in the liquid surlace tension oi'\\'llL'r a1 4, Variation of surface tcnsion with temPerature - Jacgar's method. To detennine thc instant ol burstlng rtrsrJtthe at diameter diffcrent temperaturcs hy Jacger's .rsthod ol obseru'irig the air bubble I Y and o - Interference melhod water of a stcel vibratilg strtp' 5 Mode constants ot'a vrhrating strip. To determinc the tlrst and second mode constants y to be measured bv thc Canrilelvcr method and lreqrrencv of vibration b_v-, thc NIclde's strinq [nctliotl () stDtirn's coilsianl - f,r Jcicrtllitl.- Srr-fan't ('(lllslal'll ^1.'rrllsi;tn1s,ri-rlh.till"-",ri'i.'1il(lt'lll|'i'liLL''Lrlrli":ri':tl ,.i-)ttirtr.ii!,rli!ltl!ir'l:"j:l(llli'lirli(i'itrb'i'r't'L'1"\irill()(l i. rthcn thc n:llgrlelisiltr r'l clli is cllattgctl lir'rnl tllr i(t. Diclectnc collslant h. ieil r \\'ir-e - ftt delcirlritlt ! lrntl the rlicleclric (oll\lanl t'flli,' ::tvr'rr tlil b1 tllcasurenlt' i I Nlarwell,s Li[] br-rJsu -l-ri rleicrntine iilc rcitstiin \,lirnveli's Lt(I britlgc I-l ( It ill:'rs' iii'rl'rr cr \\ lrc ]etiip' Il ilr(itrir''r lr\ Refercncc books & co (19501 l. [J.1.. worsnop and ll l-. F]rnt - .A<'l\.anccd Practical Ph1'sics tbr studenls--^Ivlethuscn (1970) Rutterrvorlh 2. E.V_ Srnith -ila,ual ol':xperi.ic,ts in applred l,hisics -1 R.A. DunIap - fixpcrutrt:rltal Plrysics 4. D. N{alacara (ed)- MethoJs oi --s Sp Singh Mo.l.r.r nlethods _ Oxlbrd Unil,crsity "ip"rim"ntrl-\Iol Adr,apcctlll.-,rr,ticali'h1'si.s Press (198S) (1988) Ph1'sics - scries of volumss - Acirdet.ic Press Inc l&ll . l',ug"tiPrakasan'N4ecrtrt12003) -l-l'r'Editiorr t0 PHY I06 (Practicats II - ELECTRONICS t) Note : At least 8 experiments should be done. lnternal evaluation to be done in the respective semesters and marks to be intimated to the controuer at the end o[ cach semesler itself. practical observation book to be submitted to the examiners at the tinre of viva voce in each semester. one mark is to be deducted from internal marks for each cxpcriment not done b1, the student if a total of E experiments are not done in each srmester) l. the characteristics of a MOSFET and to determine VO 2. 3. axation oscillator & sharp pulse generator ) and full wave) egulation characterisrics with load for different input 1. 5. (input, output resistance, fiequency response with 6. ( input and output re mon source (frequen 7 8 '; B push-pull porver & onse including Bode plots) resistance) (Ito impedances, efficiencv I)rlltrtnliitl ,rIrltlrti-,r rrr:l-L ti:ill:isir.ri /i () ir iI,.,,iirrL.,, r,a.tr;atrL\ i.sil1),ic- i .\:l(li f li i),,rlrns,,'11 plr:r :Urrplrlier ic:tIl. li(.quenr.rl,.,*;.,., .... i!ljlr;i .,i,,lltnut rrst\tarjL.,\ l oscillator trsjnc ()P '+MP 1l'or ilillcrr:irt li.'qticrciis. cistorri,. ti.c rtr icctiback rcsisro;, conrprre l;,,.\:::rlliil:.ic I'l Sar'i'tooth qcncr:rtor tls!tlq tranlistors aDti 1,1:ller :r\\,(rci) (ircurt rr:.;iirg opAlvlps ftLr tjitli:rent tiequcncies) Iteterenee Books: A 'fsxt Book Manual - JMI{ publishing ( l9g3) - l-ara l\4cGraw Hill ( I992) evici.:s aud circuits - Merrili hternational series 0 9E5 ) rlres t 1 984) I I & II - Pragati prakasan Meerut (2003) _ l3'h Edition li sEl\IES'l !lli trI PIIY 201 : NIA'fllEl\1,\Tl('.\L PHYSI(lS ll (iatrchl's irrtcgral l. Functi,ns of (,',rnplcr !'ariables : Introtluetion. Anallticity. Clauchy-Ileinltttll cotttltttttns' a,plicattorls (t I h.urs) ifrcsrdtres arrd theorem ancl integral lirntrula. L-aurent expansion, SinpLrlariiics,6alculus 1'2 1'l 6'5' 6'1 Sections Wchcr. Text : Arflien and Subgroups' [)rrect prodtrct C.nup.r, Vritipii.utinn Table. Conjugate elements and classcs (12 hours) givcn,rtler' of groups ho'n<.,rnorphism, Pennutzrtion gro;ps, Distinct groups, Iso'rorphism "r,d Text : Joshi, Scctions l.l - 1.8 , 2. Group Thcorr' 3. Group Representation Theory : Unitary re interpretitions. C-haracter of a rcpresentation. Ch Abeian and nonr\belian grorrPs- Connection rvi equation, Slnnnretry and degeneracy, Basis functiorls o applicrtions (Qualitative only) to Nuclear and P (15 hours) I'exts : Tinkham, Scclions 3'l - 1.5' 3'7' 3'8 Joshi , Scctions -1.1 - 3.6, 3.8, 5'4' 4'5' 4'lt lnd ()r)c independent variablc' 'A'ppl:catiorls ol Lhe Eulcr cquatloll' ables- Several dependent and lndepcndcnt vartables' ,Lagrangc of Variations ' on to several Variationsrrbleca-vleigh.Ritzvariationaltechniqrrc'(9htrurs) 7'8 Weber' equati.ns. - intrrrdLrction' Int'gral transfortlls rlncl 5. Integral equali,ns ,ni G.cen'. [unction : Inler]ral ( it'tetl's ( s lirnctiorl N(rll lt(rlllt'rlt tlcoltt '(ltlati(\lls l:eittnrljnrl liinctirlits- \ttlltt,;tttr tcrics scpltt'ltltlc I'ci r':ll irecrl en antl lit..li,,t i lri (i .i,ti.,tt : .\rlkert atl,J \\ cll(t'. .lll''l ilriteLi,,|- lL'illr'. r,: t,rt-i-': .rre iions i6 l :i' '' :l t' ti"ltili' l)lt:li"rrl''llt':il;ltlitltl iL'rl.lt,'r-: 1:X,lt,''rlL : 1 'l t'rt Botrks '10()l) l\c'rtlcttttcl'tr';:) I lillArfkerraitriil I \\rc-hcr: ''j\'lalhcrl:rtielrl\lriirrrtlslorl'lrlsicists'-(5"1:chti"rr I)Lrlrlish''rsNc\ I)r:llli ']()0ll (Nci" Illlcttteiitrtlr:l Agc -.irlrm.:,ts l)h\sici)ts" l,,i fhr'trr'} rrt'(iritlp . {,\\ -loshi . -liiil i \{ Ti'rklta'lt "( itortp 1-lli:orr ""tl (i'nnt''"" \1e chlrttte s-' if ;rt;i-McGril'r ) Relerence books !. : N4athenratical Physies by A (.ihatak (\\'tr;lt! Scicntrtie 2. Grotrp theorv for Physicists h1'Wukitung PI{Y 202 : ) ('o MPt'r[ER PROG RA]\l ]'I Ntl }IURI(1,\t, TECIHNIQtIES'\ND I \ (; (jonvctllt:tlee t'rilcriott' Orcjcr ol'coll\eltcl)cc l. Roois crf transcendcntal equations Solutiirtt h\ iteration' Ncrvion-Ri:plrsotllllcth()d.Bi.cctrt,n(halfilrteriel)rrlctlrrliJ16lrilrrrs) ltort. lllloqloJilling polinurr:r'tls' l 'tgt:tt.ltlt' I:lIiri)(r]'tltrl' I-cast r'-tcrn tbtr-ard altd backlvartl diilcr cne c Iirt tllLrilrc' (10 hours) s : Trapezoitlal and Sirnpson's methods' No\\'ton tial equations - E,ler's method, *,,.irtrT:,,1:.1, variables, Data types, Type declaration of variables' d decrement operatori, Conditional oPerator' Bitwise oPerators and expressions, Assignment operators' i2 statements' Forrnafled l/O' ,{rirhrncrical and assigrrmenl statements, Mathcnrelical functions, InpuLioutput While' do statements, Looping' Relarional operators, Decrsion making and branchillg, Go to, if, if-..else, switch Pointers(elementary ideas only)' Structurcs, voids, and Fttnctions and strings, characters Handting Arrays, and lbr, (18 hours) File operations(defining unJnp"ning, reading-lrriting, trpdating and closing oftrles -fext : Balaguruswamy ( C ), Relevant scctions 'l'ext Books : l. S.S.Shastry: "lntroductory methods of numerical analysis" (PrenticeHall olIndia,l983) 2. V.Rajaraman : "Computei programmi.,g in Fortran 77" (Prentice Hall of Jndia ,l 999) .hrogramming in ANSI C" (Tata-McGrarv Hill, 1992) 3. E.Baiagumswamy : Reference Books l. V.Rajaraman : "Prograrnming in C" ,.Numerical methods-software and analysis" (McGraw Hill, 198]) Z. J.H.fiice : I J B.Scarborough : "Numerical mathernatical analysis" (Oxford and IBH,6'" edition) 4 Hildebrand : "Numerical analysis" : PH)' 203 : STATISTICAL MECIIANICS i l he N'Iicrocanonical Ensenrble l:rprt's;'rr i ' Iir.. ,rr,11r1i'111rj. rrntl ih..r1i,r,,sc,ri.i. .i,ri.. i ,lt:;.1 iri't*celt s1:tlisLies llrLi l-llr:rlltrtlrrtllttlici (,iL)hs .1.'.. ' i')l:rs,' lill il;r,l j tt)i.rLil-r: Ui rltiiopi i ),. i)iliiirini ltc .;l.tr:r.:lj ld.ri 1,,. .rltrl rr ill 131-115 111 !) l'ixltlttr:lu i I .:i:i:sierl sVStc',1)- [.i,tu.,illc'r llre-r;rc-ilr ali](l rii ilrr)iarlllollccs- l'llc nliel,'e:ttl,rl)iclli tnscnlblc(ii il'lursi (.lassical Itleal gas. (2) I i,rcar ltarrrroriic orcjli"lt,r (-)ua:rLLrtt statcs atld ihc |hlls: space I e tt : Patria, Sections l.l - 1.6' 2-l -2.6 .l.hc rllij r llcal Canonical Ensemble and the Grantl ('anonical Ensclnble - ErlLLr)rbrrum belwccn a system 2_ r.\cr'orr- phy,,;ic3) sigoilicarrcc r)i rlrc \ari\)ui slrtistical quantiti;s in tltc iano:tit:al ensemblc- "\ltcrnrtirc (2) '\ systcrlr oI-ha'Illt'lli'!'\l!-cisions for the paiitiun 'lrilnctlt)l.l- Lxlttll;'it': I I ) I hc clrssical s)stcllls: ldcai gas' ensemble. E'quipanrtion oscillators, (3) The statistics of pararnagnoi:srn- linergy t'luctuations in tho canonical Physical significance of resen'oirparticle-energy a and a systcni hci..,ecn Equilibrium flicorerr- Virial theorenr ldeal gas, (2) A systenr ())Classicnl : Examples r1-,e various sratistical quanriiics in the grand curouiciil ensemble(15 Hours) ensenrble grand canonical the in flucluations rnci eiergy' t)ensity of'larmonic oscillators-fext : Patria, Sections 3.1,3-3 - 3.9' 4.1, 4'-l - 4'5 matrix- S'tatlstlcs 3. F.ormulation of euantum Statistic-q : Quantunr-rrechantcal ensemble tltcoty ' The densit-v ) ma tl ol'inrlrstinguishab n ide.rl qas in a quan bles- Statistics ofthe ) Au clcctrern in a A c trr bc molecrrles A lincar the parrition ble- An idcal , (-j) composed of (15 llours) mio, diatornic and polyatomio 'fext : Patria, Sections 5.1 - 5.5, 6.1 - 6.3' 6.5 of the blackbody 4. Ideal Bose Systems : Therrnodynamic behaviour of an ideal Bose gas- Thermodynamics (6 Hours) radiation- The field of sound waves. Text : Patria, Sections 7.1 - 7.3 an ideal 5. Ideal Fermi Systems - ThermodlTramic behaviour of an ideal Fermi gas- Magnetic behaviour of starswhite d*arf of -Statistical equilibrium diamagrleti3m (2) Landau Fermi Gas : (l) Pauli piaramagnetism, (8 Hours) Statistical model of the atom Text : Pathria, Sections E.l, Text Book : Patria Reference books 1. Kerson Huang : : : 8.2, 8.4' 8.5 "statistical Mechanics" (Butterworth-Heinemann,l996X 2'd Edition ) "statisticat Mechanics" (second edition) (Wiley' I987) 2 B.K. Agarwal and Melvin Eisner :"Statistical 3 Guptha and Kumar : "Statistical Physics" Physics" l1 PII)'20.1 : Qlr.,tNl-tli\l l'IECHANICS I siorls itnrj hasis' operators' l:tgcrl cs : \"cclor spaces ectors and operators' ation of bris' kets ndamental posrulates nciPle l. op val rep Ob and nlotnentun.t tsition pnnciple' ( 13 hours) Texts: Thankappan, Section s 2-l - 2-4, 3.1' 3'2 2.QuantumDvnamics: Theequationofmotion, Schrodinger,Heisenhergandthelntcractionpicturesoftinle prctures' Hydrtrg-en atont development, The linear hr.moni. oscillator in the Schroedinger and Heisenberg (9 hours) Texts : Thankappan, Sections 4.1.4-2 Momentum : Angular momeDtum operators, Matrix representation of angttlar nlomentum of angular nronlcnta' operators, Pauli ipin matrices, Orbital angular momentum, The hydrogen atom' Addition 3. Thcory of Arrgular (16 hours) Clebsh-Gordon coe fficients, Simple examples Texts : Thankappan, Sections 5.1 - 5-5 A of'linear 4. Symmetr.v ,rrd Conr".r,"tion Laws : Space-tirne symmetries, Spacc trarlslatiott and conservatron nlolllentlllll, angular of conservatiott and rotation Space energy, of morientum. iilne translation and conservation anti symmetric rvavc Space inversion and time reversal, Identical particles, Construction of slmlt)etric anil rvave Iitnctions for t\\o Spin and Femlions. Bosons principle, exclusion lunctions. Slator determtnant. Pauli (10 hours) c,lecrrons. The lin)und state of Ile atom. Scattering of idenlical particles 9.-1 9.1 f erls : l-hankrppan, Scclions 6.1. 6.2. 5 Scar!eriog Sai!tlarinrl .t,'r. st.ction arrLl irJllerin!. rrnttriilrlrju I r,'r 1'1-'1''. i! rll!illl-' hr ;t '"Lltt'tl i)( ''llll;Ll iiic tnciltOtl Lli Jrllrliltl',rlr',': l'illtse iirills- ()ftt.:lii th'-t'tuttr 1 t'rl\(l!r-rt ' 'i I I " i "r'- ';iJr' \''ii''i: lr"" riglti sphc:'c- stillirllllq irt it s'1tl'lic lcli note'llrtrtl' lligl: ellri'li \!llllr:rlJl!' Sc'tLt":il'" llr1'rli'll c(iil'lllL'll 'lir'l ill it$ttr'c) iinl-,r()xrn)illt()11 'fext : Thankappan. Sectiorrs 7-l - 7.3 '!-rrtbooks: \' K Tlrlrrkapparr "Q"rr;l:iitn: \'l'-t'ir:rnics" l\\'ilcl Fastcrn ) Reference books : I N Zeilili, "Qualrtur.ll Mcciraurcs- ()onccpts anrl applications'(John M rler & Sorr'. 2()()'l) 2 I- I Schiff ''Quantum Mechanics" (McGraw ttill) I. 3 pMMathovsandK.Venkaleror.",.\Tc-xtbookofQuantumMechanics"(1'atrNlc(irlu 4 A lr'lessiah : ''Quantum Mechanics" 5 l..l Sakurai : '-N'fodern ()uarrtum i\'lechanics" (Addison \\'csler') 6 Srcphen (lasiororvics . "Qrriintrtnr Phl'sics" ; A Ghatak rrrtl S [.okanathln : "(]uanturn N'lcclranics" (N4acrnillarr ] 8. \' I)eranathan : "Qualltunl Mcchirltios " (Narosa,2(){l-5) tlill) \ l4 PHY 205 ( Practicals llI - CENERAI, PHYSICS II) : l. All the cxpcriments should involve error analysis. Internal evaluation to be done in the respectivc semesters and marks to be intimated to thc controllcr at the end of each semester itself. Practical observation book to be subrnitted to the examiners at the time of viva voce in each semester. ()ne mark is to be deducted from internal marks for each experiment not done by the student if a total of E experiments are not done in each semester. 2. The PHOENIX Experimental Kit developed at the Inter Uni'r,ersify Accelerator Centre, New Delhi, may be used for the experiments wherever possible. Note (.4t Ieast 8 experiments should be done) of an oscillator - 'Io construct an oscillator and detcrmine fiequency I Determiuation lrequency bridge. of 2, Susceptibility measurement by Quincke's and Guoy's methods trequency using - Paramagrctic susceptibility of salt and specrmen 3 :, r, Cauchy's constants Liquid prisnt (dill'erent ooncentratlons) Nticlrelsorr's inttt ierutrtttet - (a) 7' and (b) di and (hickncss o1'nrica sheet I;ahrr I)r'rr1 Elrlr)1) i, lrnrl thiekttc:s Lri rrir lllrri ! 11r,11r,1qr,1 r,1 1;.,rr: 'r- ,.,r11,,,rr' 1l r,';,;,;;,,11 rl il - iti, lr', .:ittL1,.i:t1 lr,l r, , iernperatrrre r)1 sodtrrll -1 iltj illatii:r:l- it:tl.r, :1r;rr' i l'' cJgc ir\ }r'\\ ll)il ' i ilrl\ ilil)tr - '] c, rl.lcrorlno lllc tcurpir'Jturc oI Ihc' strJiunt lllrnrt bi' eolnpat:is'-)l.l \\ltiL .rll rncandcscetrt Iamp tt-stnI x jPcclIonlcler S Single phlrsc tr;rnslirr|t.r , \'1(-asrlreltt'nt ol l-. R ;rnd ,1 rli thi' prlln0rv lr:ld s.'condary and dete rnlinatltlti o'l ilcicrtcv it SintP)e Ir{ictorrlt.,'c.\pajlltcnls -'l'o,1,:tellrtinc siiitrititr.t wa\e rl1llos. !uidr'l:ltl ticc spacr-',ralclctlgths\ S\\'R, .lielcetric u()r)rIJttI ti:)d rlt.llt]rtiorl el l0 Ditlracljopatastraightcdge --l'odetcrminethervavelcugthofSodiurnlinesfromthediffractiorrpatterntiotn :i straight edge ! I Elcmentary experiments usin-{ l-aser I \Vavelength delertntnalion trsing erlrtine 2 lnterrsitv drstribttlion I Dia:ncter of it lhitt u tle 4 I)iffi-actrc:r at a slit - dclcnniuetion oislit rvidth J J .\nderson's Brrtlgc !)tti-rminnrron rrf relativc susccplihilrt.'' : Reference books I BL WorsnopandHl- Flint-AdvancedPractical Physicsfbrstudents-Nlcthusen&Co(1950) 2 E V. Smith -Manual of experiments in applied Physics - Butterworth (1970) 3 R.A Dunlap - Experimental Physics - Modern rnethods - Oxford University Press (1988) 4 D. Matacara (ed) - Methods of experimental Physics - series of volumes - Acadelr)ic Press In-c (1988) 5 S p Singh-Adrianced Practical Piysics -Vol I & ll-Pragati Prakasan, Meerut (2003)- 136 Edition PHY 206 (Practicals IV - Electronics II) Note : Internal evaluation to be done in the respective semesters and marks to be intimated to the controller at the end of each semester itself. Practical observation book to be submitted to the examiners at the time of viva voce in each semester. One mark is to be il6ducted from internat marks for each experiment Dot done by the student if a total of 8 experiments are not done in each semester. I. Use of IC 741 - Determination of input offset voltage, current, CMRR, slew rate, and use as Inverting and noninverting amplifier and difference amplifier, summing amplifier and comparator Z lC 555 Timer - Astable and Monostable and Bistable multi vibrators, VCO missing Pulse detector and SaMooth generator. 3. IF amplifier (Two stage) (Gain and fiequency response, bandwidth) l-s 13rnary-addcrs-HAandFA usin-s 4 5 lll. X()R l(' & t'srrrg N,\N[)Gales (\'enl-r lnrtlr t:rhlcs) Mrcropnrcc.ssors erperitttents (sirnple cxpcritueutrl Atldition. suhtraction, division and rnulliplication - ti hit usirrg Ii085 Schmidt trigger using transistors and OPAMPS - l'racc hvslercsis curve . dcternrirte I.'il' and UTI' 6 CrystalOscillator(Fordifferentfrequencies&evaluationol-lrequcncystability; T.AnalogintegrationanddiffcrentiationusingOPAN4PS(studytheintegrator characteristics&differentiator) Analog computation using OPAMPS (LM324) - [)ilferential equations / Simultaneous equations Second order Low pass, High Pass and Band Pass filters using OPAMP ( studl'the fiequency response ) 10. Negative resistance oscillator. (for different frequcncies) I I Bootstrap Amplifier (frequency response, input & oulput resistance ) 12. Organize M X N random access memory with ba.sic rnemory unit (Verify the READ and WRITE operations) tl 9 Reference Books : l. Paul B Zhar and A.P. Malvino - Basic Electronics - A Text Book Manual - JMH publishing ( 1983) 2. A.P. Malvino - Basic Electronics - A text lab manual - Tala Mccraw Hill (l992) 3 R.BogartandJ Brown-Experimentsforelectronicdericesandcircuits-Merrill International series(198-() 4. Buchla - Digital Experinlents - Menill lnternatioual series ( I 984) 5. S.P. Singh --Pragati Advanced Practical Physics \/ol I & Il - Pragati Prakasarr Mcerut (2001) - l3'h Etliti,.,n l6 SEMESTER PII\' -l0l : NUCLEAR III PHYSICS l. Nuclear Decay : Beta decav - introduction, Energy release in beta decay, Fermi theory of beta decay, FermiKurie plot, Ir{ass of the neutrino, Comparative half-life, Allowed and forbidden transitions, Selection rules, Parity violation in beta decay, Neutrino Physics. Gamma decay - Energetics, Multipole moments, transitions and radiations - Classical and Quantum mechanical aspects, Decay rate formula, Measurement of garnma energy, Lifetimes, Selection rules, Aagular correlation and I-ntemal conversion, (15 hours) Text : K.S.Krane : "Introductory Nuclear Physics. (Wiley), Sections 9,9.1 -9.6,9.9, l0.l - 10.6 2. Nuclear Forces : General characteristics of nuclear forces, The Deuteron - binding energy, Spin, Parity, electromagnetic moments, Simple theory of the deuteron structure, Spin dependence, Tensor force, and twouucleon scattering experimental data, Scattering cross sections, Low energy n-p scaftering, Partial waves, Phase shift, Singlet and triplet potentials, scaftering length and its sign, Effective range theory, low energy p-p only). (I2 hours) Text : l.ICS.Krene :"lntroductoryNuclearPhysics,(Wiley),Sections 4.4,4.1 -4.3,4.5 2. R.R. Roy rnd B.P. Nigam : "Nuclear Physics- Theory and Experiment", (Wiley Eastern) scattcrints, Exchange forces and Yukawa theory (Qualitative Sections 3.2,7.4 -1. - -1.9,3.12 Nuclcar Nlodels : Shell nrotlcl. Sinelc plniclc polentials. Spirr-orbit couplrnr. Sinqlc particlc nrodrls. Spins lslr:ptli .',t'tlttittri Siltglt Il:t'l.iciJ !ri)tli ii lr (lisl,)l'l,id $cii. ( ullcetnc Irt()tii)i- !t!(il-.'\.,1) ltir,:iei, li0tltir,lai llild r ihrationul statts l-crt : l. K.S.Krane : "lntroducton, Nuclear (lll hourr^) Phvsics', (W'iley), Sections 5.1,5.2 2. R.R. Roy and B.P. Nigam : "Nuclear Physics- Theory and Erperiment". (Wiley Eastern) Sections 7.1 - 7.6,7.8, E.l - 8.3 4. rr..uclear reactions, Fission and Fusion : lntroduction, Conservation laws. Rcacrion kinematics, Q ralucs. Llross scctiotrs. Experimental stud)es. Couiornb cxcrtarion. Compound nucleus rcactions, Fission process, Charactcristics, Energy released, Ncutrons released in fission, Cross sections, Fission reactors operating with natural Uranir.rm as fuel, Fusion and thermonuclear energv (I3 hours) Text : K.S.Krane : "fntroductory Nuclear Physics" (Wiley), Scctions ll.7,ll-2,l!.4 - 11.6, ll.l0, t3.l - 13.3, 13.6, l4.l - 143 5. Nuclear Radiation Detectors and Nuclear Electronics : Interactions of radiations with matter, Gas detectors - Ionization chamber - currenl and pulse mode (Qualitative only), gas multiplication, Proportional counter and Ci M counter - Geiger discharge, Quenching, Scintillation detector - basic principle, photornultiplier tube and coupling, Semiconductor detectors requirements, working, partially and totally depleted der.ectors, difhrsed junction Cetector, Ge(Li), Si(Li) and surface barrier detectors, Qualitative treatment of Preamplifiers, Amplitiers, Single channel analyzers and Multichannel analyzers. (10 hours) Text : K.S.Krane : "Introductory Nuclear Physics" (Wiley), Sections 7.1 -7.4 Referencc books for detectors : l. S.S.Kapoor and V.S.Ramamurthy : "Nuclear Radiation Detectors' (Wiley Eastern, l9E6) 2. W.R. Leo : Techniques for Nuclear and Particle Physics (Narosa) Other Reference Books : . S.B.Patel : "Ar Intro'duction to Nuclear Physics" (New Age lntemational Publishers) 2. Samuel S.M.Wong : "Introductory Nuclear Physics" (Prentice Hall,India) 3. B.L.Cohen : "Concepts of Nuclear Physics" (Tata McGraw Hill) 4. I.Kaplan : "NuclearPhysics" (Addison Wesley, 1962) I PHY 302 : SOLID STATE PHYSICS 1. Crystel Stnrcture and binding: Symmetry elements of a crystal, Tlpes of space lattices, Miller indices, Diamond structure, NaCl stmcture, BCC, FCC, HCP structures with examples, Description of X-Ray difFaction using reciprocal lattice, Brillouin zones, Van der Waals interaction, The Lennard-Jones potential, Cohesive euergy of inert gas crystals, Madclung iuteraction, Cohesive energy of ionic crystals, Covalent bonding, Metallic boriding, Hvdrogen-bonded crystals (12 hours) l1 2. l,attice Vibrations: Vibratrorrs ol monattrntrc antl dratonric lalllcr:s. (Juantr./alr()r) ol'lattrcc rtbtaltorts. lrtellstic scallcnng of neutrons, l'-instcin and I)cbyc rnotlels trl'spccilic heat, I'hcrrnirl con(luctivlly, Ellicl ol' Illllcilr'!ll()ll (ll hours) .1. t lectron States and scmiconductors: frrcc clectron gas rn thrcc dimcnsrons. Specific hcal o1' rttclals. Sontmerfeld theory of electrical conductivity, Wiedenrann-Franz lau,, Hall effect, Nearly free eleclron lttotlcl and lirrmation of energy hands. Bloch functions, Formation of energy gap al Brillouin zonc boundaries, Nunrhct ol orbitals in a band, Equation olnrotion ofelectrons in energy bands, Propcrties ofholes, []ffective mass ofcarri('rs, lntrinsic carrier concentration, Hydrogenic rnodel of donor and acceptor states, Interband optical ahsorption. (15 hours) Frenkel excitons and Wannier excitons 4. Dielectric and magnetic properties: Macroscopic dielectric lreld in a dielectnc, Depolarization field, I-ocal electric field at an atom, Dielectric constant and polarizability, Order-disorder type ferroelectrics, Displacive tlpc ferroelectrics, l.andau theory of ferroelectric phase transitions , Exchange interaction and Curie-Werss law. Spontaneous polarization, Ferromagnetic magnons (one dimension), Magnon specific heat, Ferrimagnetrsm in (13 hours) Fe2O1, Antiferromagnetism in MnO, Neel temperature and susceptibility S.Superconductivity : Meissner effect, Type I and Type II superconductors, Heat capacity, Microu'ave absorptiou, Energy gap, Isotope effect, Free energy of superconductor in nragnetic field and the stabilrzation energy, London equation and penetration ofmagnetic field, Cooper pairs and the B C S ground state (qualitative), Derivation of the London equation from the ground state rvave function. Flux quantization, Critical fields and the vortex state, Single particle tunneling, DC and AC Josephson effects. High T. superconductors (Qualitative (12 hours) description of the cuprates) Tcxtbooks : I (' Kittel : "lntroductiorr to SoliLl Statc Phvsrcs" (5'!' l](l ) t\\'ilcv llasr.:rrri .l \ I [)ckkcr:"Solid S!,rt('l)l]\sit.s" (\l,rcrnrll.rrr i";\t I \ \d r\shcroft iutd Met ;ntn SL'lttl Stlte l'llvstc. . !irt'rrks l'rric t i'j :trr -l L-llemcnts olsolid Statc Physrcs. Srirastara I I'. l'rcnLico llalloi Irr,ir:r {- 'l;Liilrirri 5 Zirrran I.I{. : "Principles of thc Tlreory,of Soliils'' tL-ar:rhritlge. 196'-l) PH'|'303: QUANTUNI MECIIANICS II l. Approximation mcthods for time-indcpcndenf problems WKB approximation, connection fonnulae, barrier tunnelling. application to decay - Bound states. Penetration of a potential barrier, the variation n)ethod for bound states, the Erround statc for He-atom. Time- Ihe independent perturbation theory, Non-degenerate and degenerate cases. Anharmonic oscillator stark and Zeematt (16 hours) elfects in hydrogen. Texts : Thankappan, ScctionsS.l, 8.-j 2. Variational method : The variational equafion, lFound state and excrted states, application to ground statc of ( 6 hours) the hydrogen and Helium atoms Terts: Thankappan, Sections 8.2 -1. Time dependent perturbation theor), : l-ransitron probabrlity, Llarnronic perturbation, Interaction ol'an atott.t ivith the electromagnetic field. Induced cmissiorr and absorption. The dipolc approxirnation.'l'hc approximation and scaftering Texts: Thankappan, amplitude Born (12 Hours) Sections 8.4 4. Relativistic Quantum Mechanics : The Dirac equation, Dirac matrices, Solution of the free-particle Dirac equation, The Dirac equation with potentials, Equation of continuity, Spin of the electron, Non-realistic limit. spinorbit coupling, Covariance of the Diraq equation, Bilinear covariants, Hole theory. The Weyl equation for the neutrino, Non-conservation of parity, The Klein Gordon eq-uation, Charge and current densities, The Klein-Gordon equation with poteirtials, Wave equation for the photon,' Charge conjugation for the Dirac. Weyl and Klein (16 hours) Gordon equation. Text : Relevent sections of Schiff and Bjorken and Drell (Relativistic Quantum Mechanics) 5. Quantization of fields : The principles of canonical quantization of fields, Lagrangian densily and Hamiltonian (10 hours) density, Second quantization ofthe Schrodinger wave field for bosons and fermions. Text : Releveni sections of Schiff and Bjorken and Drell (Relativistic Quantum Fields) Tertbooks : l. V.K. Thankappan: 'rQuantum Mechanics" (Wiley Eastern) 2 J.D. Bjorken and D. Drell: "Ralativistic Quantum Mechanics" ( McGraw Hill (1998) \ l8 D Bjorken and I) Drell :"Ralativistic Quantum Fields" (Mc(iraw Hill 1998) lteference books : I L.l Schiff : Quantunr Mcchanics" (McGraw IIill) 2, J J. Sakurai : "Advanced Quantum Mechanics " (Addison Wesley) 3 P M Mathews and K Venkatesan : " A Text Book of Quantum Mechanics" (Tata McGraw Hill) 4 N Zettili,: "Quantunr Mechanics - Concepts and applications' (John Wiley & Sons, 2004) ,1. J 5 Stephen Gasiorowicz : "Quantum Physics" PHY3O4 : ELEMENTARY PARTICLE PHYSICS &ASTROPHYSICS l.Classification of particle.s & Meson resonance Four basic forces - gravitational, electromagnetic, rveak and strong - relative strengths, Classification of particles. Yukawa's proposal, l}e muon, The real pion, Isotopic spin, Extremely short lived particles, Resonances (Qda J and mesonic resonances) - detecting methods and expenments Text: Neeman &Kirsh, Ch-6; Ch.tScctions I -3, Coughlan&Dodd,ChaptersT, (l I Hours) g 2.Symmetry and Conservation laws: Conservation of angularmomentum, electric charges, Baryon and lepton numbers, Conservation of strangeness, Conservation of isospin and its component , Conservation of parity, charge conjugation. cP violation, time reversal and cPT theorem (I0 Hours) I'ext : Neeman & Kirsh, Ch. 7; Grifliths Chapter 4 sections 6 - 9 -t I 5-\'n)nretr] and <1u:rrks: Interrral s),Tlrnletr),. 'l'hc Slrk:rr:r rnodrl. SIr tr r hc eiqht ibtd r-rar. (ic-llrrrann ant] ()kubo mass ibrnrt:la. t-)uarks and quark mode I ('ontine'tj qrrarks. [:rpr'r-rnlenta] evidencc, ( olorrretl quarks ( t hours) 'l-ext : Necman & Kirsh Ch. 9, Sec l-7; Grifliths Ch. l, Scc 7-l l; Coughlan & Dodd Ch. 10. 4.Stellar magnitude se(luence, Absolute magninrde and distance modulus, Colour index of a star, Luminosrties trl stars, Stellar parallax and Lrnits of stellar distance Spectlal classification of'stars, Boltzmann's tbrmula, Saha's equation of thermal ionization. Harward svstem olclassificatiorr, Luminositv eff'ect of stellar spectra, Importance of ionization theory-, Spectroscopic parallax - Hertzspmng - Russel diagram Binary and Multiple Stars: \risual, spectroscopic and eclipsing binary systems - Multiple stars- origin of binary stars - Stellar masses and MassLuminosity relation- Mass transfer in close binary'systems (16 hours) Text : Basu Sections 3.1,3.2,3.6 -3.E,4.14.8, 7.1-7.E S.StructLre and evolution of stars, Observational basis, Equation L)f state for stellar interior, Mechanical,and thermal equilibnum in stars, Energy transport in stellar interic,r, Energy generation in stars (thermonuclear reactions), Stellar evolution, White dwarfs Neutron siars and black holcs: Rotating Neutron star model olPulsars Period distributionn and loss of rotational energl -- GolC's model of pulsars -- Distance and distribution of pulsars -- Brnary pulsars Black holes (14 hours) 'Iext : Basu Sections Ch. 14, l5 Text Books: l. Yuval Neeman and Yoram Kirsh: - "The particle hunters" , 2nd Edition (Cambridge University Press,l996) David Griffrths, "Introduction to elementa4iparticles" John Wiley & Sons.(1987) 3. G.D.Couoghlan, J.E.Dodd. & Ben M.'Gripaios, "The ideas of particle physics - an introduction for scientists", (2nd Edition I 991) or (3' Edition 2006)(Cambridge University Press) 4. Baidyanath Basu M : "An introduction to Astrophysics" (Prentice Hall of India). 2. ; a l9 sl..l\lES'l'ER l\ PII\' 401 : SPECTROSC-OPY ot a l)t)n Spcctnrttl L Microwave Spectroscopv: Litroduction. Brcakdorvn olOppenheinler apprortllratton.'fhc lnstnttrreutatiort tbr ol'(lHrCl Examplc ' molecule' top a synmetric of Spectmm of ii. rigid rotator, Example (ll) hours) spectra rotational Microwave Spectroscopy- lnlormation derived from Text : Relevant sections of Ban*'ell and McCash and Barrow ic molecule (Morse C--une). lR Rolation SPcctra of dialom:c - down of Borrl-OPPenheirner Inliared SpectroscoPY, Fouricr (12 hours) transform IR spectroscopy Text : Relevant sections of Aruldas, Banwell top molecules, Example of 3. Raman Spectroscopy : lntroduction, Rotational Raman Spectrum of SlTnnretric Combined rrsc of Raman CHCtr, Vibrational Raman Spectrum of a Symmetric top moleiule, Exanrple of CHClr, lbr Raman Instmmentatirtrt NO;' and CO2 ol Exarnples detlrmination, and Infrared Spectroscopy in structure Rari-ran Stinlulared Ilflecl' Ranran FIWcr Spectroscopy, I-aser Ron,an Spcctroscop-r', Ntln liltear R;rman effects' (12 hours) effect effect and inverse Raman l*'alker Text: Relevant sections of Aruldas, Banwell & McCash and Straughan & (I977) Hill Mc Grai+ D A by Long spectroscopy , : Raman Book for reference Vjbrational analYsis 4, Electronic Spectroscop5 olmolecules : Vibratronal )oarse structure of clectrortic spcctra. Vibrational arlllll.sls' lrorrl procrcsii()ns In1-ornratir,n setlrrcr.rccs. ;rrrrl tahlc. I)cslirndr,r's hand svstcnrs. .f .dcrrved I i :":';" iixltnlll,,'ol itrtlltli rl.t,rlcetl]l as!i feri: Rclevant scctions oi.4.ruldas. ilanxcil & i\lt( i ci'l n{rIlllililr'll' 5. Spin Res'nance Spectroscup]. . Intcr.rerir)ir bclrvccu rrrrelctu s;ritr Llll(i li.llllrllillj llc'ld. ir:t,.:rg1. r ,l1r(l:lllrl-lrjillt(' Larrrrour precessior. Res,.rance conJition. 13loch equations. Relrxalion tLr:ics. SPirl-SPitl cr-lrrrr'l tlrtion fbr Ni\{R spcctroscopl'' C'fr'NN1lt and F'lNfut relaxation. Thc ('hcnrical rrnii lg lll.:ctron-N I-'ine s1t-uctt:r.:llanrilionian. I'r)lal rrrn. Sp,n Spcct ns"rrpv o.i- rh Lltllrr' j:ill()r'Scr'li'o il ()Ssbariel Rest'rttattct SPCCIToSCOPY : hyp.-rfine Structtttt'. it.SR i'e5l' Flfflct, Chcrnical shilt. Eltcct of nr;t.'r:ttcttc lieltl emission of i - rays Experimental techniques Text : For ESR & NI,IR : Relevant sections oI Aruldas, Banwell lVlossbauer Efl'ect : Aruldas and G.K. Wertheim Text book : & )IcCash and Straughan & \Yalker: l'or I Molecular struclure a,rrl Spccrroscopy -- (i Aruldas I'rcr.rtice 1{all oi India (1001) -l'a1a Nlc(iroll Hili (lq9'i) 2 C N.Banr,,eli and li Iv{ lu,lc(lash. "l,und,rnrcnta)s,r1-Molccular Spectroscopy". (iunther (r\cadctlric I'tcrss) wertheirD K applicatiotrs, and Priuciples . uftcct -l Mossbauer and Walkcr 1l:ds) Spectroscopv Vol I antl ll, Clrapuran and Ilali 4 Straughan -Banorr . lntrodtrction to molecular Spectroscopv lv,[cGralv Iiill 5. G M Reference Book: Raman spectroscopy by Long D.A.' Mc Grarv Hill (1977) \ 20 Et.Ftc l tvEs N()l-E : A centre shall offer more than one paper frorn each of the three clusters ELECTIVE, l, II and [Ion'ever, each student shall choose ONE elective paper only from each of the three clusters, IlI. EI,ECTIVE I PT{\'402 l. A ADVANCT]D ELECTRONICS Microprocessor, Nlicrocomputer and Assembll,Language: What is a microprocessor?, Evolution of microprooessors - 4-8-16-32 bits, Organization of microcomputers, microprocessor programming, Organization of the 8085, instruction set, Assembler Programming, Langrrage for writing algorithms, TheZllogZS0 hours) Text book : "lntroduction to Microprocessors" t.7, 3.t - 3.6J .8 (ll - 3'" Ed., A.P. Mathur (Tata-McGraw Hill). Sections l-3 2. Examples of Assemblv Language Programming: Additron, Subtraction of two 8 - bit& l6 birnumbers, One's conrpliment, Two's compUment, Shifting of 8 bit & l6 bit numbers, Square from Lookup table, Largest and Snrallest irt a data array, Series o[ numbers in ascending and descending order. Sum of a series of 8 bit & I 6 bit nut.trbers, 8 bit multiplication and division,Multi bye addition and subtraction, Square root of a number.(10 hours) I-cxt book : Fundantentals of Microprocessors and l\'ticro computers"- 3'd / Recent Edn., B. Ranr, l)hanapati Rai & Sons, Scctions 6.3 - 6.36 .1 \lil'rupruct'srii;- tr'i:rlittgs, !nE+r!:icing Ill'rsct 1 :ir:(l i'(] Flt'ricr.r : j rlrt jnL 11n(l i r)titrrrl rrrrit i iprrrrcs ri ir,.t,'i "1r).: I illltllL ()l /'\1r jiJ!lsial i)ilitlllT.itlL,il- "ri.j:.... .Irf,. ! J1.ltf;lr,,lir r-t. \jailtot) tLttuti,r!rnt-i. !)rtlr irurr:irr >,'iie tllt's, I)togtallttltetl l)irLt ilan:iIit- l)rrr'ct \1r'ilr,ri. \tci':;r l)atil [Iirnstei-, Scirlrl dara irililslcr (i-] hoursi l'er(: "lntroduc(ir)n lo i\Iicroprocessors" -lrd L.rl.. \.1'. l\lathur- (1-aia-l\lcCraw Hill). ()haptrrs 5.1 - 5.5, 6.1 - 6.7 1. Peripheral l)ericcs and lnteriacing: Cierrenttiorr rrt eontrol sipnals lbr ntcrnon and L/O cieviccs. 1,,U l)r-1r:rirrt.'l Elll. 815i. ['tug[r;nntilblc pcnphcral rnl:-rlucc-8]5-{ I'l.rgrarnrnablc I)l\{-\ cttntroller 8257. PrtigrzrntLrrablclttLctlllpl (lontrollcr R259, l)rog,-arlntable cotttr;tunicalron irrt.:rijicc-82 j l. Pr,tgritr.lrmable intcrval tirr)cr cotmtr-i8253 Special Purpose devices: The 82'19 Programmablc Keyboard/Displav intertace l: Fundamentals of Microprocessors and Micro computers"- 3'd Dhanapati Rai & Sons. Sections 1-6 - 1-ll. Text Book Text Book II:."Microprocessors - / (14 hours) B. Ram, Recent Edn., Architecture, Programming and Applications with E085/E0E58A", R.S.Gaonkar(Wiley Eastern) Section 14.3 5.Applications of Microprocessors: Microp[ocessor based data acquisition system: Analog to Digital cor)verrer, Clock for A/D conversion. Sample and Hold circuit, Analog rnultiplexer, ADC 0800, Digital to Analog Converter, I)AC 0800, Realization olA/D Convertel usirrll D/A Converter Delay subroutine, T segfnent LED display, FND -50(r'50-1. 507/5 10, L4AN 74 A , MAN 72, decoders/dri','ers-7448, Intert-acing of 7 segment display, Display ot decimal and alphanttnreric characters, Measurement of frequency, Voltage, Current, Resistance, Temperahrre nleasurement and control, Generation ofsquare wavc or pulse using microprocessor (14 hours) 'fext:Fundamentats of Microprocessors and Micro comput€rs - 3'd / Recent Edn., B. Ram, Dhanapati Rai & Sons. Sections E.l - 8.13, 9.2 - 9.3, 9.5 - 9.6.1, 9.9 Reference Books: l."Microprocessors and programmed logic", 2nd Edn., Kenneth L. Short ( Prentice Hall India). 2."Digital System from Gatesto Microprocessors", 2nd Edn., S.K. Bose ( Wiley Eastern) 3." Microprocessors and Microcomputer system design", M. Rafiquazzaman (IJniversal Book Stalt , New Delhi). 4."Microprocessor (8085) and its applications"- [ Edn.-A.Nagoor Kani (RBA Publications) PHY 402 B : ADVANCED NUCLEARPHYSICS 1. Nuclear Shell Model: Shell structure and magic : numbers, The nuclear one particle potential, spin-orbit term, realistic one body potentials, Nuclear volume parameter, single particle spectra of closed shell t I nuclei, Harmonic oscillator and infinite square well potentials in 3- dimensions, coupling of spin and orbital angular momenturt, magnetic dipole moment and electric quadrupole moment, Schmidt diagram; Single particle orbitals in deformed nuclei, perturbation treatment, asymptotic wave functions, single particle orbitals in an axially symmetric modified oscillator potential (15 Hours) Text : "Shapes and Shells in Nuclear Structure", S.G. Nilsson and I. Ragnarsson, Sections Chapter 5, 6, 7, 8.r - 8.6 )l iltttl rvare luncli()l1s llr cvctt2. Nuclear collective modcls: Nuclear rolational mrttion- rotational energy sp(jctrttttl Bands - The parlicle rotor Rotatiollal excitations, vibrational collective momentsNuclear even and odtl A nuclci trvo paflicle.-excttations rotational bands model, strong coupling- deformation alignment, Dccoupled .alignmcnt: (10 Hours) oscillator hamlonic Rotating model; cranking the rotationnuclear I;as1 and back- bending: (Wiley Eastern) Sections Text: l. "Nuclear Physics-Theory and Experiment', R.R. Roy and B'P' Niganr E.l - E.5 S.G'Nilssonandl-Ragnarsson'scctions:ll'll'l-ll'3'12' 2...shapesandshellsinNuclearStructure", 12.1,12.2 formula for I = 0, Compound 3. Nuclear Reactions: Reactions and Cross-sections, Resonances, Breit-wigner ion reactions Heavy probability, Nucleus formation, continuum theory, statistical theory, evaporation -(l0.Hours) (WileyEastern)Sections6'l' Text:"NuclearPhysics-ltteotyandExperimenf', 6-2,6.4 - n.n.RoyandB'P'Nigam 6.8 2.KennethKrane-.IntroductoryNuctearPhysics'',(wiley)'Sectionll.l3 4. Nuclear Fission: ff,. r.-i"-pi.i.d m"r, formula ,' f," .t"Uitity peninsula, nuclear fission and the liquid drop spontaneous fission' Mass cross-section, Fission.Nuclear barrier fission phano-.nu, fission model, some basic (12 Hours) I of Fission i.;g;;;'Ctatistical attribution "f ""a : ..Nuclear PhysicsText"*rgv chapter 5 full ft "ory mode and Experiment", R.R. Roy and B.P' Nigam (Wiley Eastern) Sections gth' Energy loss in elastic an. its validity, validitv' Dt D' '< law and 5. Reactor Physics: Fick's p...i age equation- solutions an ""fiis"",-r.ir,r"rgv, finite thermal reactor, c ,.giJn nn. criticalify, reactors, Text Book : "Introduciioi to Nuclear Reactor Theor 5.7. 5.r l. 6.1. 6.1. 6,9 Relerent'e Books 6.14. 9. - t - age theory of geometries on- Wcslet) bare thermal ( 12 Hours) Sections 5'l - g.tl . l."lntroductoryr-ttclcarI'hysics".Siurucl N'1. \\'onu (Prentic:cllall India l')')())(-llaptcr7)(20()l) 2...Nuclearph,vsics.Expcrirnental andthcoreticalt tI.S. IIans,Ner',Ageltrtcrnati'ina! Ltd) 3. "Theory of nuclea. stmcture" - M-K Pal' (East Wcst Press Pvt PHY 402 C: PI,ASMA PHYSI(]S sics : Existence of plasrna,Definrtion of Plasnta, Debye shrelding lD-ald of plasma phlsics iin Uri.i). Single Particle tnotions -Llniforrn E & B fields. Notr (13 hours) field, Time varying F- field, Adiabatic invariants and applications 3D' Text : Chen, Sections l.l 1o1.7.7,2.1 to 2.E'3 Maxu'cll's equatrolrs' 2. plasma as Fluids and waves in plasrr,as : Inrroduction -The set of fluid equations, paralle drifts B, Fluid to Fluid drifts perpendicular Grou;> velocitv, Phase velocity, Plasma oscillations of Plasma approximations. Comparisotr oi ion and. '[h B, Electrostaiic ion wavcs perpendicular to B, para waves Electromaglrctic Cutoffs and Resonances, waves, Magnetosonic waves, The CMA diagrams Text : Chen, Sections 3.1 to 3.6, 4-l to 4.21 of p, Diffusion of magnetic field into 3. Equilibrium and stability: Hydro magnetic.equilibrium, The concept instability, Resistive drift waves' the gravitational tire initability, ,"r"oplasma, Classi{ication orll1rrlu-ifiii,,r*o 'v*""J' -"-:-- (lghours) weibclinstability Text : Chen, Sections 6.1 to 6'8 Derivation of tlie fluid equations' i. iiirin.'t[a,.y-'; ih" ;;;^g of f(v), Equatioris of kinetic theory, Physical derivation of damping, Landau of th" meaning damping, [andau Plasma oscillations and (10^Landau hours) field damping, Ion landau damping, Kinetic effects in a magnJtic Text : Chen, Sections 7 .l to 7 -6.2 The problem of contolled i"uting, Fusion Plasma Fusion, laser Toruses, Mirrors, Pinches, Text : Chen, Sections 9.1 to 9.8 5. Introduction to Controlled Fusion : fusion, Magretic Technology confinements such as (10 hours) Volume I and II' Plenum Press' Text Book : .F. F. Chen, Introduction to Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, recent edition. 22 Reference Books : I J D. Jackson, Class'ical Elcctrodynamics, \,\rilcy t'iastem, 1978 2 D R. Nicholson, Introduction to Plasma Theory i N A Krall andA. W Trivelpiece, Principles of Plasma Physics, McGrarv-Hill. recentedition. PHY 4O2D - ADVANCED ASTROPHYSICS l. Radiative Process: Theory of Black Body Radiation-Photoelectric Effect-Pressure of Radiation -Absorption and Emission spectra - Doppler Effect - Zeeman Effect- Bremsstrahlung - Synchrotron Radiation - Scattering of (t Hours) Radiation - Compton Effect - and Inverse Compton effect Text : Baidyanath Basu, Ch 2 2 Variable stars: Classification of Variable stars -- Cepheid variables - RV Tauri variables - Mira variables - Red Irregular and Semi-regular variables - Beta Canis Majoris Variables-U Geminorum and Flare stars-Theory of (8 hours) Variable stars. Text : Baidyanath Basu, Ch E 3. Galaxies: The Milltfway galaxy - Kinematics of the Milkyway - Morphology - Galactic Centre Morphological classification of galaxies - Effects of environment - Galaxy luminosity function - The local group - Strrface photometry of galaxics - ellipticals and disk qalaxies - Globular cluster systems - Abnormal galaxies(20 Hours) Active galactic nuclei. l'cxt : Binncl' & llterrilield. ('h 4 -i (ierrer-irl l{clativrtr: (irr:c;ril ( ( n5ld!r.1t!r)r)j - i (,JrjlraLor) jjctuccri (irlr',rii lrnii !icr;lneirr - lvletrri lc:lsr i .llr!j (iruritl - Par-ticle frajcctorir's in Craritiitiorr;ri ilei.j - l'hlsics in curr.'d spa.c-linrc -- Cur-r'ature - l)ropcnics of Ilncrql and r)romentum l'crsor - Scu'arzclrilti :\'lctric - (iravitational Collapsc rrrd Fllacklloles - (iravit:rtioual (I5 Hours) Waves I cxt : l'adrnanabhan, \'rrl l. (. h I I i ( ()snr()log)': Cosrnoloqicrl l'rirrcrpl,: - ( i)\nr! )!JnJlr(! Corridtnirlci - [:qLrrvalent ('ottrdinittes Rtrbctlsott\\'alker Metrrc - -flrc Red Slritl - !lcusrrrr's ()1 l)rstance - R.cdShili \ crsrrs I)rstance Rclation - Steadv Srate (10 Hours) Coslrrology Text : Narlikar, Srctions 3.1-.1.11 Books Suggested: I Grar,'itation 2 Theoretical Astro Physics Vol & Cosrnolo-<y-S(ercn Weinberg-.lt;hn Witey (1972) ISBN: 0-171-92567--5 I arrd 2- T Padrlanabhau- (lambrid-qe Univcrsitv Picss (2000) ISBN:0-521)6240-6.0-5)l-562414 i Qrrasars and Active Galactir: NLrcici- Ajit K K,:nrhhuvi ancl .lavat \/ i.\:rrlikar-(larnbridge Universitv Press (1999) IS BN:f)-52 1 -47477-9 4 I'he Physical Universe. An lntroduction 1r; Astrononry-F Shu-()xfirrd Unirersitl, Press- (1982) ISIJN: (r-19- 855706-X 5.A Different Approach to Cosmology - Fred Hoyle, Geoffrey, Jayant V Narlikar Cambridge University Press 000) ISBN: 0 -s2t -66223 -0 6.An Introduction to AstroPhysics - Baidyanath Basu- Prentice Hall India ( 1997) ISBN:81-203-ll2l-3 7 Discovering the Cosmos-R.C. Bless - Univcrsity Science Books (1996) - ISBN:0-935702-6'7-9 8.Text Book of Astronomy an! Astrophvsics with Elements of Cosmology- V.B. Bhatia- Narosa publications (2001 )ISBN:8 I -7319-339-8 9 Modem Astrophysics - B.W Carroll & D.A. Ostille - Addison Wesley (1996) ISBN:0-2Ol-54730-9 l0.Galactic Astronomy - J. Binney & M. Merrifield, Princeton University Press I l.Galactic Dynamics - J. Binney & S. Tremaine. Princeton University Press l2.An Introduction to Cosmology, Third Edition- J. V.. Narlikar, Cambridge University Press (2002) (2 PHY 4O2E _ PIrySICS OF SEMICONDUCTORS 1. Band structural aspects : Effects of temperature and eleckic field on band structure, Frank-Keldysh effect, Localized states of impurities : theoretical models and experimental probes (Capacitive and spectroscopic techniques), optical properties : allowed and forbidden, and phonon assisted transitions and their spectal shapes, ( 12 hours) Burstein Moss effect, excitons : free and bound excitons. 2. Statistical thermodynamics of carriers : Fermi levet in intrinsic and doped materials, Non stoichiometric semiconductors, role of stnrchrral defects, Heav.v doping and degeneracy, electrical conductivity, Hall effect -two band model, mobiliry of carriers, Mechanisms of scattering, measurements of mobility, recombination process, ,ri^ 1l el-li'ctrre Illi5i itil(l ii: lirr clcelr0n ttansp()11, equilibntrm ittttl llt,tl ':qtttlthrtrtlil I)lt)('\se\( l-l hottrs) nlclsurcmcnl. Tlrcrtnt,clcctlre p,'tt"r, 'trag'rcto resistivity iJoltzrnanrr cqu..tr()ll Metal-senriconductor contacts : Schonky barricr. P characteristics of practical iunctiotts and deviations fror capactlance. impurity profi ling through capacitance nrcas 4. Photoconductivitr' : Rolc of traps and recombina detection, lumincscence, light enlitting diodes and laser 5. Surface states : Band bending and effect on semiconductors, Quantum wclls' multiple quantum preparation, special characrenstics and devices based mobility transistor -1. References : 'I R.A Smith Semiconductors, Academic Publishers, Calcuna (1989) 2 A.B Lev - Semiconductors atrd electron devices, Prentice Hall (1987) )_ l) 4. 5. ostrand (lg'i0) 6. PTI\'4(}2 F _ FT,TII D DYNAi\IICS .. t! 11.,;. l,r i)( lr;tlr(',! !,!l\ -102 (; Il()llF,ti\ ()E'l i( s l. l-igh{ Pr0pagati0n and \rcCtorial NatUrC: F.lCCirtrtttagttL-tlc \\ll\c I)l(rJr'lllilt.l()ll' Ilill'll)olll'.\\il\cs' Pl)a5c \larrtr rcprcsr'nlati(t!r\ - lr);i': r.:lr.cit),. group i,clocil;. f,ncrrY flou, Po.trtting vet:tor. t)itlcicnt polariz;lrlio:rt (l I [rottrs) nlcilill '\l](ll) lirrr' a',i rar.nlrlriccs. GaLrSSiitrl he:lms itt l)olll()gallc()Lls c.r!cr:lt:s Rirv tll)ll' c()ll'r'l)'' ,ri l)irtgr: 'cctrirs ri.;il,tlitr anrl cohe'rcncr pri.crpJi,.l' t heolr,<.rlplrrtia srrlr,:,I.sition l. (.r,hcrence : c)ipclil!)illl Il"ill)tijr\-ilro"rn-l\\'ls{ cohercllcd' tlf liDe r,ri,lth. splrLtal and cOherencc iength - Phl'sical .rrigin (I I hours) ol Fouricr I ranslirnll Spcctroscopy : interferencc *'ith rnultiple bcrrnis l'ai'ry-l'crot ittterlcrr-'nreter ,n,itn multipi;;;r;, Interference -1. ( 8 hours) Bir:;ic idca Resolving powtr. applications- Thoory of rnultilayer fi rns thcorcm, Fresnel-Kircho dilTiaction, Fratrnhtrlfcr diffraction patterns oI single sl 4. Diffraction : Kirchoffs gratinr. Fresnel tliftraction pattent zone plate'.Recta of F",].,.. trittrsfotlns trl dilllactitrn Aperturc furrcti<r Text Books : l.G.R.Fowtes,lntroductiontoMod.ernoptics(DoverPublishers}ISBN:0486659577 2. A. Yariv, Optical Electronics (1985) References: S.G. Lupson, H.L' Upaon and D'S' Tannhauser, Optical 2.A.N. Matvev, Optics (MIR Publishers) 3.Hecht, Optics (Addison WealeY) l. Physics ELECTIVE II (Cambridge University Press) 21 PHI' 403 A : ELECTRONT(t INSTRUMENTATION lmagrng.) 'l'Conrputer controtled tcsl s'slems: 1'csting an aLrcli. ur.|lifier - tesrin-s a radio receive, -,,,,r,rr,rrJL: X:.li:)" er)lllPtll^l cotltroJletl ir)\lrtrrT:LIrtlrtr(,rr Iul:ti 4l'S .-lcerrr.irl rrrtcrlacc I ji-u,t,,l a.rnta,,l siglrir! ln.r.rr,r iir :r iil).l,iill-()(ils\(lt i::t:i.,i Ilr,,r-,ller:t..n1 ,,;,;: 5 i'rt;ri't tr-ritirrli: 5t ii 1 ni,,r: ()r'\-rrr('ri: i:r ir..lrji!, ..i:i;r .11 plduclr\r. j(,zr(l i).r{rl.arjr.9. clrrttl..j lrv ',lrjliinq slrlrrnrble. ri.:r( I\rJ -oitt)(,j eorrtbrrrerj ti... rr;rrj r,rrrtrol ()l) r,ll-pulse c()r.rtt1)l ()l- rh,. S( R srrppil lbr ti c tnutttl spct'd regtrlatit)tt b-y artrlrrr,c l.ltlsc rl,,!t,r,lc end r'u.,cnt coatt.l --aLnratui-c etrrreltt iir irlr11r,ll rrl'lcrtr lor(lu(. ir.. nl,,l,,ri (t0 h , Books lbr studr: lModem Electronic instrtr')lcntation and measurcurenr t!'chniquc i) rrsrlrruK I,lellrick alro an<j williarr wttttil,n - Albert r/ (latalr4c(irawHiil)fornrotjures r,l,4arrdscc.rdparrof2 :;:l:;5"'t lnstrumctttation r:lce - Seco,d editio, - H.S Katsi ('.t'ara Mc Grarv Hilt) fbr modules I l. (.1111,r"' l) , and firsr parr of rronics aDd bio rncdicar insrrun)cnrarron - C Rajarao and S.K. Gupra (Lrniversirrcs 4.Rio Instruntentation - .loh:r (i Wehster (Wiley, student cditron ) lbr Transducers "Introduction to Iixperirnenra-l '5 Nuclear Physiis". Singru,R l\,i., (wiley Eastem, 1972). lortransducers ri "Engineering EIecrronics". 2,,,,Editi,rn,Ry,jer. .r D., (Mc(irarv iif f . f S6D i"; module ilr:lrl:1jl.r:jjril,:a"i:r, -5 PHY 403 B: COMMUNIC.AI.ION ELECTRONICS (12 hours) 25 S. Radiation and antcnnas: Potential t'unctions and the EM field - Radiation [iorr an oscillating t'lipole Pouer radratcd by a currenl elentenl - Radiation resistance ofa short dipolc - Radiation lronr a quarter u'ave monopole - Dircctrvity - Gain and cffective aperture - Anteuna arrays - Two element, liDear and binomial - Frcquency independent antennae - Log peri<-rdic antennae - Yagi antennae, Propagation ofradio waves - Ground u'aves. Sky wave propagation, Space waves, Tropospheric scafter propagation, Extra terrestrial comtnunication Ionosphere (14 hours) Reflection and refraction of waves by the ionosphere - Attenuation Refercnces: l."Electronic Communications", Roddyand Coolen, J., (PHI, 1986). Chapters 7,8,9, l0,ll,l2,l8,l9 2."Electronic Communication Systems", 4n Edition. Kennedy, G. and Davis. B. (McGraw Hill, 1992). Chapter 6,8. 3."Electromagnetic waves and Radiating Systems", Jordan E-C. and Balmain, l0,l KG (PHI, 1979). Chapters 1,15,t7. 4 "Digital Sigral Processing" by Proakis and Manolakis, Prentice Hall of India (1997) PHY 403 C: MATERIAI,S SCIENCE l. lmperfections in Crystals : Thermodynamics of Schottky and Frenkel Defects, Equilibrirun number of Point Defects as a function of temperature, Interstitial Diffusion, Self-diffusion, Determination of Diffusion constant, Edge and Screw Dislocations, Energy of Dislocation, Dislocation motion, Dislocation Multiplication: Frank-Read (I0 Hours) mechanism, Work Hardening of Metals 2 Alloys, films and surfaces : Binary phase diagrams from Free energy considerations, case of complete miscibility, Gibbs phase rule. The lever rule, Rules of solid solubility, Hume-Rothery Electron compounds, case of lirrrited solid solubility. rhc Errtcoic tcmpcrature Srudv of suriace topographr h-l nrultiple beam interferottretrl . I)ctern'rination of step height and tllm thicknesscs(liizeau tr-inges), Qualitative rt]eas of surface crystallography. scanning, tunneling and atorric lbrce microscop-v, Boltzmann transport equation tbr a thin tllm (for diftusive (17 Hours) scatlering), Electrical conductivitv of thin films 3. Cleranric Materials: Stlicate slrucr'rre, Polr.nrorphism, Solid solution- Nrrn-ductile liacttrrc. ['lastic (8 hirurs) delbrntation oflayerecJ structurcs, \/rscous defonnatiorr ofqlass. []lectrical propertics ,rfccramics 1. I'oh,mers - Unsaturalcd hydrocarbons. ['olynrcr size. Addition pol\rrr:rrzation, Copolyleriz.iti,,tr. (londcnstition poly.ntcrization. -ihcnnopliutic antl thcrmose ttin-s rcsins, Elastorncts- ( iross-lirtking. Branching (10 Hours) 5. Liquid crystals, Quasi cr,vstals and Nanomaterials: Stmcture and s),rnmetries of liqtrids, Liquid crystals and anrorphor:s sotids, Aperiodic crystals and quasicrystals. Formation and characterization of Fu[erenes and trtbrtlcs, Carbon nanotube based electronic dev'ices, Synthesis and propefties of nanostructured materials. Experimental (15 Hours) techniques for characterizinq nanostnlctured materials, (luantunr size elfect and its applications Refercnces: I "Solid State Physics", A I Dckker (MacMittar, t9511) 2 "lntroduction to Solid State I'hysics", C. Kittel(M'iley Eastern, 1977) i "Eletncnts of Materials Sqicncc''. L.[I Van \rlack (Addison Weslcy) 4 "Physics of Thin Films", K.L Chopra 5."Thin Films", O.S.Heavens 6."Multiple Beam Interferometry", Tolanskry 7 "Transmission Electron Microscopy", Thomas 8 "The Physics ofQuasicrystals", Ed. Steinlrardt and Ostulond g."Handbook of Nanostructured Materials and N-anotechnology'', Ed. Harisingh Nalwa . PIrY 403 D: COMPUTER SOFTWARE AND A?PLICATIONS l Language Processors : Introduction-Language Processing activ.ities - Fundamentals ofLanguage Processing (10 hours) Fundamentals oflanguage Specification- Language Processor Development Tert : Dhamdhere, sections 1.1 - 1,5 Tools Assemblers, Macros and Macro Processors r Elements of Assembly l,anguage Programming- A Simple Assembly Scheme - Pass Structure of Assemblers - Design of a Single Pass Assembler for IBM PC, Macro 2. Definition and Cal l- Macro Expansion. Text : Dbamdhere, sections 4.1 - 4.4, 5.1,5.2 (10 hours) 26 Compilers, Interpreters and Linkers : Aspects of Compilation- Mernory Allocation - Compilation of Expressions- Comprlatron of Control Struclures- Code Optimization - Interpreters, Relocation of Linking Conceprs- Design of a Linker-Self- Relocating l'rograms - A linker for MS DOS- Linking of Over layers(15 hours) Loaders. Text: Dhamdhere,sections 6.1 -6.6,7.1 -1.6 4. Operating systems : Batch processing systems - Multiprogramming systems - Time Sharing Systems - Real Time Systems - OS Structure- The Process Concept-Process Definition- Process Control - Interacting Processeslmplementation of Interacting Processes- Scheduling Policies- Job Scheduling - Process Scheduling (15 hours) Text : Dhamdhere, sections 9.1 - 9.5, l0.f - 10.5, ll.l - 11.3 5. Software Tools and deadlocks : Software Tools for Program Development- Editors - Debug Monitors Programming Environments - User Interfaces, Deadlocks:, Definition - Modelling the Resource Status - Handling (I 4 hours) Deadlocks -Dead lock detection and Resolution - Deadlock Text : Dhamdhere, sections 8.1 - 8.5, 12.7 - 12.5 3. TEX'T BOOK l, "systems Prograrnming and Operatiug Systems"., D.M.Dhamdhere (2'd revised edition), Tata McGrau' I-lill,Publishing Co Ltd ,Nerv Delhi. 2003 REI,-ERENCE BOOKS I Svstcrn ploqramnlrrr ioltn I I)orrrrr':ln 'i ill:l \'l.t inrri- FIill ()pdi ilill-:lS\i1cir .\lrl.ir-.\1jl:lri.L,'ii.J,1.'Lrr,r.r iiriiittitrrtairottrrl i:tjiti,,i .i t)pt-iating Svstcrr' '.'uiir l{ircirit. (Sr-coitd I dnt lll'B-Publication -1 "r\n Inrrotluclion to Opcratinu Svstcnrs'-, i)cirtl tl \4 .12"'r edition), Pearsou cdrrcation 2002. 5 'Opcrating Systcrn (lorcepts". Silbcrschatz,\ aud P Galvin, (5'h edition), Addison- Wesley, (19991, l'H\' ,10-l E : Dl(il l'Al. SIGN.{L PROCESSIn-C J Signals and svsteurs, ('lassrtlr:atron trf srgnals. ('oncept of frequency in contrnuous time and discrete tiute signals Theory of A/D and DiA convcrsion. Samp)ing of analog signals. sampling theorem Quantization of (ll hours) signals Quantization of sinusoidal signal, Coding of quantized samples. 'I'ext Book : Digital Signal Processing b1, f'roakis & Manolakis, Prentice Hall India 1997. Chaptcr I continuous amplitude (cr-rmplote) 2 Discrete- time signals & svstcms, Discrcte- llne lirreur tirnc-invariant systems-Techniques of analysis of Iinear systems, Resolution of a tliscretc tinrc signal into inrpulses- Response of LTI sy'sterns to arbitrary inputs f-onvolution sum- Propcrties of conr,olution and the rntercrrnnection of LTI systems- Casual LTI systerns Stahilit), rtf LTI systems- Systcms uith finitc durirtion and infinite duration impulse. response Discrete- tinre systenrs described by difference equations- Recursive and non-recursive discrete, time systems LTI systems characterized . b1 constant coelficient difference cquations, Solution to linear constant coelficient difference correlation ofdiscrete{ime signals equations, (10 hours) Text Book:Digital Signal Processing b1' Proakis & Manolakis, Prentice Hall India - 1997, Chapter 2 (complete) 3 The Ztransform, The Direct Z-Transform, The Inverse Z-Transform.Properties of Z-tr-ansform, Rational Ztransforms, Poles and zeros, lnversion of Z-transforms The inverse Z-Transform by contour integration, Power series Expansion, Analysis of linear time-inVariant systems in the Ziomain, trans'fer functions, stability in Z domain Digital filters - introduction, ideal characteristics of standard filters, state space description, filter (12 hours) approximation by window functions, Design of linear phase FIR filters using windows Text Book (I):Digital Signal Processing by Proakis & Manolakis, Prentice Hall India -1997, Chapter 3.1 3.6 4. Frequency analysis of continuous-time signals. Th9 Fourier Series for continuous Time Periodic signals, Power Density Spectrum of Periodic Signals, The Fowier Transform of Continuous -Time Aperiodic Sipals, Energy Density Spectrum of Aperiodic Sigaals, Frequency analysis of discrete time sigrrals, The Fourier Series for discrete time Periodic Signals, Power Density Spectrum of Periodic Signals, Fourier tmsform for discrete time aperiodic sigrral, Convergence of the Fourier Transfom, Energy Density Spectnrm of aperiodic sigaals, Relationship of the Fourier Transform to the Z Transform, The Cepstrum, The Fourier Transform of Sipals with poles on the unit circle, The frequency Domain classification of sigrrals, Concept of Bandwidth, Properties of the (15 hours) Fourier Transform for Discrete Time Signals TextBook:Digital SignalProcessing byProakis&Manolakis,PrenticeHalllndia-1997,Sections4.l-4.5 ^) 21 5'l'hc I)iscrete Irorrricr transtirnn, Relationship ol tiru t)i I to thc othcr truttslirtt.tts [)ropeflies ol' l)[il'. i\lultipalication oi lrio [)l'l's and Circular courolrrtiol't. Frcqucncrl'artallsis of st-{tt:ls trsing tlrc I)l-'l' ol the [)iscrcte Irourier Transfomt l]ast [:ourrcr Translornr algorithnt. l)ccintatiorr in Tinl': l][:T algorithnt, Decimatiorr rn liequency FFT algorithnr, FFI-irJgorithrn lirr N a cornpositc ntttrbcr. Cit:ncriil computational considerxtions in FFT algorithms Chirp Z.-'L'ansfonn algorithnt, Applications of FFT algorrthms, Compulation Quantization effects in thc compulation of DF'I. (14 h<turs) Text Book:Digital Signal Processing by Proakis & I\lanolakis, Prentice Hall India - 1997, Scctions 5.1.2' 5.1.4, 5.2.1, 5.2.2, 5.4, 6.1, 6.2, 6.4 Reference Books I .Digital Signal Proccssing by Oppenheim & Schafer, Prenticc l{all India I 995 2.Digital Signal Processing by paulo S.R. Piniz, Eduardo A R [)e Silva and Sergio Netto - Carnbridge University Press -3.Analog and digital signal processing by Ashok Ambradar 4.Theory and Applications ofDigital Signal Processing . Rabiner & Gold, Prenticc tlall India -l 996 PHY 403F : RADL\TION PHYSICS l.Radiation source : Different types of sources, alpha. beta. girrnma, neutrol) and heavy ion sources, radioacli\,c - naturally occurring production ofartificial isolopos. accelerators cyclotrons, nuclear reactors (10 hours) 2.Interaction of radiations rvith matter: Electrons - classical theory of iuelastic collisions with at()tnic clectrons, eoergy loss pcr ion pair by printary and sccr,ndan irrnizutron. spccrtii cnergv loss. brctnssttaltlttn.tt. 1lp.!e cpcr,g\r rclaliql c1(.t!,\,itpd laltoc sIraC_glittg iir'.rrr cilrrleii f,lirliclr'r jl(!1)pittl l)(r\\ci- (rlci-[\ l,,sS t ittgr I:li.r:l .': ll il:ltlll'lt, r ,,li(j;l- (;,iilll l, r r;:LI ;lt;tle Jllcr.!: i-l:lt )rti ililtli cutrc. .iriLllr sources lllastic aDd ilclaslir sctrtlcrirrll, Ncrtlrotrs (luncrirl r)rrl)(:rlrr's f-ltst ttcuUrro irl(cr.t!!tr)tl:- siotitilt dr)\\ll,ln(i (14 ltours) crtrss flr-rx and fluence, cnerg,v flux and fluence, Particlc quantities, and Dosimeters: Units 3. Radiation sections, linear and mass absorption coefficients, stopping porver, LET, exposurc irnd its measurements- ahsorheri dose and its relation to cxposure, Kerma, Biological eifectireness- Equivalent dose, Effectivc loss. I)osinretcrs. Primary and secondary dosimeters, Pocket dosimeter, l"ilnts and solid dosimeter ('ILD and RPL), Clincal and ;noderation calorimetric devices (13 hours) 4. Radietion transport and shielding: Basic conccpt. Trausporl equation, Fick's law aud diffusion equatit)r). Boundary conditions, Analyical solution, Slowing dorvn theory, Resonance absorplion, Criricality calculatiotrs, Fermi age theory, Four factor formula, Shielding factor fbr radiations, Choice of rltaterial, Primary aud secondary radiations, Source geometry, Beta shielding, Gamma shielding. neutron shielding, Shielding requirements for ( l3 hours) medical, industrial and research facilities 5. Biological effects: Basic cttucepts olccll biolog;. Ifli'cts rrf ionizing radiatirrrts at tttrtleculat, sub ntolccttlar ald ccIular lerels, sccondarv ctlccts, lree radicals, irpplicrtlr,rrts tn canr]er thcrrrr\, fuotl prcrerrati()ll. radilrtioll and sterilization, Effccts on tissues anci organs, genetrc clticts. Mutation and chrolr.tt'somal abcrtations (10 hours) Reference books: I "Atomic Nucleus" . R.D Evans 2."Source book on Atomic Energy" - Samuel Glasstone 3 "The Physics ofRadiology", H E. Jones and Cunningham, (Clharles C Thomas - 1989) 4."Fundamentals of radiology", W.J. Meredith and J.B. Massey (John Right and sons - I989) 5 "Principles of radiation shieldrng", A.B. Chilton (Prentice Hall of India) 28 EI,ECTIVE III PHY 404 A : QUANTUM FIELD THEORY l'Classical Field Theory : Harmonic oscillator, The linear chain- classical treatment, the linear chain - quantum treatment, classical field theory, Hamiltonian formalism, Fuoctional derivatives , Canonical quantization of nonfields, Iagrangian and Hamiltonian for the Scbroedinger field, -relativistic euantization of fermions and bosons, Normalization of Fock states (12 hours) Text Book : "Field Quantization" Greiner and Reinhardt (Spinger-Verlag -1996), Sections 1.3 - 1.5, 2.2,23, 3.1 - 3.3, Exercise 3.1 on lields : The neutral Klein fi - Maxwell ical quanti Gordon - Gordon field Commutation relations, ity for the _ Gupta_ Text Book : "Field Quantization' Greinerund R"irhg"'.:T(Spinger-Verl ag -1996),Sections o.r, olrlooT}? 7.t -7.4,1.7 'l Canonical quantizatirrtt rrf spin )i elds ; Lrrg|rrr-{ian :rnd I{arniltoniirrr d!'nsii,es lirl. 11.- p1,..,. licld ( iInonir:al !lriilntization ttf titc l)ir.:, tlrid. l,l:,nr. \ il\ i j\ll.1nst()11 (li Lhu lleld openltor, Fe rrnan pft)pagi{roi_ ttrr thc, i)irac rjeld nu"t' Text Book : "Field Quantization" Greiner and Rcinhardt (Spinger-Vcrlag -1996), Sectiors r., - r)l' 4 lnteracting quantum fields and Quantum t tectrodynamiis : The lnt"raciion picture, Time ev.lurirn ()perator, Scattering matrix, \llick's tlteorem, Feynnran rules for QED, Moller scattering and Compton scatte,ng Text Book Example E.4 : "Field Quantization" (I0 hours) Greiner and Reinhardt (Spinger-Verlag -1996), Sections g.2 E.6, istic Quantum point functions path inregral, calar quantum or, Generating en,s function, (12 hours) Text Book : "Field Quantization,' Greiner and Reinhardt (Spinger_Verlag _1996), Sections ll.2 _ ll-5, 12.l - 12.5 References : l."Quantum Field 2 "Field Theory - ess -1995) 996) 3."Quantum Field 4."Quantum Field PHY 404 B : EXPERIMENTAL TECHNIQUES ,, and Ion valves, Tert: 2.Thin rtion :3': valves, s, and gask L4,t.6_l tbin on of .5, l.l0 vaporat heating, Electron beam evaporation and laser evaporafion techniques, Sputter deposition, Glow discharge, Thickness measurement by quartz crystal monittr, optical interreience methoq elecrical conductiviry measuremeDt, Thermo electric power, Interference filters - Multi layer optical filters ( l0 hours) Text : Varier, Antony & 3.Cryogenic techniques : Linde and Claude metho manipulation of liquefied cryostat, using liquids boiling under reduced pressure, production of low temperature below I deg K - {) l') hcltlr" l(l'' r\tji;rSarrc 6olr3gnctrs,r(r6p lrnrl magnetic rclrigerlrtot, Spcct.rl properlres ol lrtlLlrtl llcltunl, tenlPcratttlc atttl tltcrltltrlttclct.s glts lllcl.lllo))lcters l'ritlla|l K - Nuclcar dentaerrclrsalrorr, Meisurement ol'l()rl lclrperaturc: !'aPotlr plcssLlre thcrlrolrclers' thcnlltletlttplctllcrlll()lnetL-rs, resistallcc seconaar)'thcrmrrtneters correutions. ( 15 hours) thcnnor)rcters, magneiic thcrtnometers and 3.7, 3.-1.7,3.4 -1.() -3.1(l Sections -1.1,3.3.1 Pradyumnan. Anionr'& Text : Varier, Tandem 4.Accclerator techniques : Fligh voltage I)C accclerators. Cascade generator- \tarl de GraafTaccclerator, Van dc Graaff accelerator, Linear acielerator, (lYclolron, Synchrotron (lilt'ctron and proton), lott st)urces anci lonization processes, siruplc ion source, ion plasnra sourcc and RI'iort sortt'cc, lon inlplantation - techliques (10 hours) profiles, lon bcam sputtcnng-prirlciples and applicatrorls iext : Varier, Anton-y & Piadyumnan, Sections 4.3, 4.4.4.5.1.4.5.4, ,1.5.5, 4.6, 4'8.1 - 1.8.1' 4'9 5. Materials Analysis by nuclear techniques: Basic principles and rcquirements. mathenlatical basis and sciittering nuclear reaction kinematics. Rutherford backscaflering- - introduction. kinenratrc factor. difterentirtl ications, Nuclear reaction anal-vsis loss a cros ctions lor light elements, applications. pnn react r Proton induced X-ray ex s Neu ' applications' hair samples and forensic hunlan les' aPP x , anal (13 hours) samples. limitations ol'I'lXE Texi:Varier,Anronl,&Pradyumnan,sectionsS.-1,5.4,5.8,5.9,6.1 -6.5,'/.2- 7.6.8.2-t1.5'9.2-9.5,9'7 Tcxt Book : Advancctl Experrmental Techniques in N{odent l)hysir:s K Mrrraleedhitra \raricr, Antoni' Joseph arril P I'' Pradyrrnrnan. Pragati I'rakeshan Meerut (2006) llooks for rcfcrence: l ril! !.;-rttill. ii,rttrlrrti,',,''|il,,i'tllirlll!:clllli!llrr- j''ll'll:lr''': "'l'\i i i"lrl lil'l icrss,'l i ' - I ill.l l,l,,k ,,' illtli lrlr lL t illlrrlrilr --l Iltut iilrtt phctrorllctlrr K i (-llopra.. Nlc (lrrrl llrll (l')Sll r;6115 1111 i()(rl {. l-ou'tetrperature Pltr.'srcs - bv t-.C..Jackson - lolltl \\'rJ':1" & 5. [-or* tcmperature lce-hniqucs - f,y F.Di, al)d,,\ [] ('.ockc1- Gotlrq,c Ncutlc: Lilrltle.l (i on.lorl) I()60 (r l:rank Ptthel - \Iattcr antl rncthods at lo\\'tel-npL'rJturl Springer Vcrla-u 1)9911 I R Sr.'cnivasau ,\pproachtoarbsolute zero-llcsonarte(.rlilgazine \rll Itloi'rol Illosl-()llll(l lil s I( tle rri, P NI t-l.rll :rnrl \,'l T IIunis - Thin fllnr 1.('hllirlolli \/arr \crsltrttl(l i l')trs 9 l)cnnis and tleppcl - VacLttttn system design l0 A pipco. \r pliskc,vsky. B. Koiolel and V KLrzrr,,tsor Fundamctttal-. of \':tctttttlt 1'ecltniqucs - Mrr i PubIishcrs I I Nuclear Micro anall'sis V- Valkovic PHY 40.r C : C-()NDENSEI) \{AT-I-ER Pll}'SICS full(:tioll' l(clitllolr Lt! l.Dc,sity'opcr6ror atrti ils corrclation lunctions- llclatitrn lar sfnlclLlre lactt)1, J)ilil corrclalirro Iatticc arrtl I]ragg rcciprocal ol'cn'slals. phase. s),nrmctD' thc condcusctl C.rrelation lunctrons t() s\4nrnetr),gl Jyr>troPic licltrid atrd hexalic sttlct:tic. scaltcring. eualitative ,lescnptiorx of slructurc o1': ncmatic. cholesteric. )'Stals and randort isotropic fractals, Incornrnensu betwee susceptihility ofa ferr crystals; s and partition function, nlagnetization correlation 2.Connection 3.Mean rnodels, 'nematic and continuous syrnmetries ofthe condcnscd phase, 22,Zv an '. ility and the Tricriticat theory of liquid - solid transition. Transition Landau Theory' The Ising and-n-vector of mean field transitions' The first order ta magpets' He3-He4 mixtur-e' Density (1 I Hours) functional e ordet' 4.Fluctuations of the order parameter and the breakdown of the order Parametef, Critical one ield, fluctuating the of parameter field, Hamiltonian in terms of powers ization' Is dimensional one construction, the Kadanoff relations, scaling and exponents expansion e and renormalization shell Momentum graphite, adsorbed on Application to noble gu, (12 Hours) "to-, in an elastic waves n' sound functioos, Response 5. Time dependent correlation functions, Einstein relation, Langevin continuum, acoustic phouons in a lattice, Green function for Fokker - Planck equation' tfr"".y fot the correlation functions for diffusion, Fluctuation ' 30 [:ranrplcs of kinks and walls in an Ising latticc, Alalytic solution for a kink, The I"lcnkel Kontorowa model lbr adatoms on a latlice Sine Gordon suliton, l-he (14 Hours) Text Book: "Principles ofCondensed I\4atter Physics", P M Chaikin & T C Lubensky (Carnbridge IJniversity Press). Relerence books : I "Intermediatc Quantum Theory of Crystalline Solids". A O.E. Animalu (Prcntice-Hall ollndia, 1978) 2 "Solid State Theory", W.A Harrison, (Tata McGraw-Hill, 1970) 3 "Principles of the Theory of Solids", J.M. Ziman ( C U . P , 19'72) 4 "Solid State Physics", N.W. Ashcroft and N.D. Mermin ( Holt, Rhinebart and Winston, 1976) 5. "lntroduction to Solid State Physics", C. Kittel (Wiley Eastern, 1977) 6 Introduction to Solid State Theory", O. Madelung (Springer-Verlag, 1978). 7 "Physics of Modern Materials Vol II" (IAEA, Vienna, 1980) i{ "Statistical Mechanics", B.K Aganval and M. [-]isner (Wiley Eastern, 1988) 9 "Renormalization Group Theory of Critical Phcnomena (IPA Monographs) S V.G. Menon, (Wiley Eastern & Neu Age International Publistrers, 1995) f iii -1{14 E}: {lH 1(}S .\\f ) (()\ : l\1. \F. !'trI1-!t( S I I hc l)rnaarics ui []ilfcretrtial liquai!ons : ll)l(grati()rr of iinear sec()n(j ()rdcr .(luaii(rils iri quatiralLu.. ; ii.' rllrnped oscillator, hrlcglalion o1-nonlirrear sccorrd rrrr-ler equatirrn, Jacobi cllipric tirncliors. Weicrstrass r'lliptir lL:lrt:tiorrs, I'eriodic stl'uLrlurc ol-elliptic functrons. T-hc pclrtlulunr equation. I'hasc portrair olthc oendulunr. l'ha.sc |,rirti. i)ortrails for conservlitive s\,sIcms, I-rnear stabrlitl'analvsis, l-inearstabi[it), nratrix. L'lussification ol ilxcti l rurrrplcs tri'tll.'.1 poirrl anllr.sis, [-irrrit ei,6l.' Tirre rlrpcndcnl integrals, No]) ij!rtonunrrlus s-\'stcrns. -Ilrc tiliven (l3 iriru:-si ,,..iilator. Itcnrarks on intr'ql-ati(rr) ot-dittcrcntial ctluations, Elliptic t'r:nctjons (C'hap l.-l-abor) 2.HanriltonianDl'namics: Lagrangiantbnnulationofnrechanics,LagrangiantirnctionandHarnilton'sprrr:ciple, f'roperties of rhe La.qrangian and generalized momentunr, Hamiltonian formulation ol mechanics, Hamilbn's cqriatiorls, Canonical trauslomratjons, The presenation of phase volunre, The rrptimal ranstbrmation, Cenc'rating Liurction, Hamilton Jacobi equation lor oue degree of flrcedonl. Action angle vuriable for one degreo of frecdonl, intcgrable Ilamiltonians. Separablc systcnrs, Propcrties ol- integrable systerls. Iixanrples of integrablc systems, (13 hours) Motion on the tori, Fundanrental issucs, KAM tlieorcnr ((lhap 2 and sec 3 4, Tabor) -1.(-haos in Hamiltonian s)stems and area prescrving nrappings : Surtlce ol section. Suriace ol'section tirr !u,rr deqrees of fieedom Hanriltonians-'l'hc Henon Heiles Harniltonian, The-l'oda lattice. Surfacc of scctio:r as a -lu'ist rnaps. Mappin..q on the plane, Connection betu,r'rn area prL-scn'ing nraps and svnr;:lectic nrapping, liar:rilrrrnians, IIre standard maps,'l'he tangent map, Classification of fixed points, Poincare Bilkholf tixcd point thcori'nr, Hun-roclinic and heteroclinic points. The inlersection of H+ and H- whorls and tendrils, Criteria lor locai chaos, Lyapunov exponents, Power spectra, Criteria for onset of widespread chaos, Method of ovcrlapping resonances, Greene's method, Statistical concepts in strongly chaotic systems, Ergodicity, Mixing, Thc Baker's transformation and Bemoulli systems, Heirarchies olrandomness, Hamiltonian chaos in liquids, Fluid mechanical (13 hours) background, The model system, Experimental results (Sec 4.1 to 4.8, Tabor) Dissipative systems and turbulence, The Navier Stokes equations, The 4.Dynamics of dissipative systems concept of-turb-ulence-a l{amiltonian degression,-Expbrimental observations on the onsot olturbulence, Couette : florv, Rayleigh-Benard convection, Landau-Hopf theory, Hopf bifurcation theory, Ruelle-Takens theory, Other scerlarios, Fractals, Mathernatical model of strange attractors, Lorentz systems, Variations on Lorentz model, The Henon map, Period doubling bifircations - Period doubling mechanism - Bifurcation diagram - Behaviour beyond (13 hours) I p - Other universality classes (Sec. 5. I to 5.5, Tabor) 5. Solitons : Historical background, Russel's obseryations, The F U P experimenl, Discovery Basic properties ofKdV equations, Effects of the solution, ofnonlinearity and dispersion, The traveling wave solution (Sec 7.1 and 7.2, Tabor) (E hours) Text Book: "Chaos and Integrability in Nonlinear Dynamics", M Tabor (Wiley, New York) References: l. "Chaos and Nonlinear Dynamics-An Introduction for Scientists and Engineers", R.Hilbom(Oxford University 2 Press) "Deterministic Chaos -An Introduction", H.G. Schuster (Wiley, New York) : a\ ,jl -l -1 -5 6 7 'Chaos in D_tuurruclj SysLctls". l-. Ott ((iunrhrrduc []rrjrcrsrty l,ress) "('haotic Drrartrics-,\rr [rtrorlrrctiorr". (i-l]aker arrd J (it,llub (('amhridge [ ]niversit) ]'rcsst "An Intrttduclion to Clraotic I)ynarnical Syslems''. R L l)evane1,(Beniarnin-('untrlings. ('.\) "l)cterministrc ('haos". N Krrnrar "Nonlinear dwanrics", Laxntana (Springer Verlag. 2001 ) PHY404 E: LASERS AND FIBRE OPTICS l. Elements of Laser theory and Optical Resonators : Einstein coefficients , Evaluatitrn of transition ratcs Line broadening filechanisms, Laser rate equation lor three-level system, Laser porver, (lavity modes, Q ol a cavity, Q switching, Mode lockinq, Confocal Resonator, Planar resonator, Analysis of optical resonators using geometrical optics (l I hours) Text Book:K. Th1'agarajan and A.K. Ghatak - Lasers - Theory and applications - MacMillan. Sections 3.3t, 3.32, 3-3, 3.41, 4.2, 6.2,6.3, 6.6-6.8, 6.ll 2. Types of Lasers and Applications : Ruby laser, Heliunr-neon laser, Four-level solid state lasers, CO2 lascr, Dye lasers, SemicondLtctor Lasers, Spatial frequencl, filtering and holography, Laser-induccd firsiorr. llamonre ( l3 ltours) generation, Stimulated Raman scatlering, self-focussing, Applications in material processing Text Book:K. Thyagarajan and A.K. Ghatak - Lasers - Theory and applications - MacMillan, Scctions 9.49.8, 10.2, loj, I r.l - 11.4,13.2 - 13.4,14.2,14.2.1 - 14.2.4 3. Optical fibres and Classification : General, Wlat are optical fibres, lmportance, Propagation of light rvaves in optic fibres, Basic structure, Acceptance angle, Numerical aperture, Modes of propagation. Cr.rt off parameters, single mode propagation of oqiical fihres. stepped inder monomode fibres, disadvantages, g'aded index (l-1 hours) nronomode fibres. mechanisrrr oi reliactir,c indc.r rar i:rtion. fihrc strcnglh Texi Book:Subir Kunrar Sarkz: - (!r.rtical fihrt's arri Gi:r-r'()ptic Conrrrrucriiaii!,!r \\s(r!r.- S {'h:r'rq! '! t :: (2003), Sections : i.l - !.3,2..: - l.ill. -l.l - 1.5, -1.r{. -3.9 4. Optical flbre as a c)'lindric*l wareguide and Fibre iorses : Optical fibre rs cylindricai \rir\.c lrurdc. \\ r\ e equation in stepped index fibrcs. flt)rv of po*,er in SI tlbres Model analysis of graded irrdex tibres. Attenurtiorr in optical fibres, Absorption losses. Leaky modes, Radiation induced losses, inhercnr defect losses, inverse square (lf hoursI larv losses, core and cladding losses Tex( Book:Subir Kumar Sarkar - Optical librcs arrd librc Optic Communication slstenls - S. Chand & C'o (2003), Sections : 6.1. 6.2, 6.4, 6.5, i.t'.7.4, 7 -5.7.7 - 7.9,7.12 5. Measurements on ,ibres : Measurement of numerical aperhue and its related tenns, measurernent of tlbrt: atleouation - insertion loss nrethod and by C)ptical time domain reflectometer (OTDR). measuremenl oirefractirt(10 hrrur-s) index by reflection rnethod and transmitted ncar freld technique Text Book : Subir Kumar Sarker - Optical fibres and fibre Optic Communication systenrs - S. Chand & Co (2003), Sections : 20, 20.2, 20.4, 20 -4(l l, 20.3, 20.8( I ), 20.8(2) Reference Books: I A. Ghatak and K. l'hyagarajan, Qptical Llectronics- Fouurlation Books (Canbridgc Unir.ersity) 2.N. Sharma - Fibre Optics in teleconrnunications - 'l'ata McGraw Hill - 1987 3.F.G. Smith and J.H. Thomson, Optics - ELBS 4.M.J.N.Sibley - Optical Communibations (IInd edition) - MacMillan - - 1996 1995 PIIY 404 F : ADVANCED STATISTICAL MECHANICS l.Thermodynamics of crystal lattice, ths field of sound waves, phonons and second sound, The Debye model, Debye temperature, spgcific heat of solid in the Debye model . (10 hours) 2.Non ideal systrms, intermolecular interactions, Lennard Jones potential, Corrections to the ideal gas law, Van der Waals equation, Short distance and long distance interaction, The plasma gas and ionic solutions, The Debye(12 hours) Huckel radius 3.Phase transition, critical point, First order phase transition, Phase diagrams, The theory of Lang and Lee, A dynamical model for phase transitions, Weiss theory of ferromagnetism, Second order phase transition, Landau (12 hours) theory, Critical point exponents, Chemical equilibrium and chemical reactions 4.Ising model as a macroscopic model of phase transition, Why the Ising model is very important? Relationship betweeen lattice models, models of ferroelectrics and Ising model, The classical formulation of the problem, Exact solutions, Drawbacks of the mean field approximation, The static flucfuation approximation as new method (14 hours) for solving the Ising problem 32 5Iiluctuuttolrs, l'luctuations ol macroscopic variablc.s, fheory of random processcs, Response and fluctuatrorr, Correlation firnctions, Spectral anall'sis of fluctuations: the Weiner-Khintchine theorenr, l-he Nyquist theorem, Applrcations ol the Nvquist Text Book I Patria : theorem "statistical Mechanics" (Butterworth-Heincmann,l996) Reference Books: I Kerson fIuang : "Statistical Mechanics,'(second edition) (Wiley, I9g7) 2 B K Aganval and Melvin Eisner :"statistical phvsics" 3. Guptha and Kumar : "statistical physics,, 4 J,E Meyer and M.G. Meyer, Statistical Mechanics, Jolin Wiley (12 hours) .^ i r ii iat,it.t, riiir:; ; | ,: rrllt;l (\trll)ctIaill i!llcrluta illlrr]L!,iliLJi) itll!l bitlt(l\!r,' i)irirr,rl lli'ie, r,,, ,!i.rr.li!\ i )trlrr.ri licd h,rr i., , r. rri tI cetllrack 1]e tor. lc\port5al -gairr ,rrttl iic.litcrict l\ \[)\ A\(-F-i) \i ( i.i] \R I'liI'SICS I 2 I -1 -5 6, ? ur)d RAI)lA-l I()\ PIIYSI( : S llalf'lrt'e ollnLlrr:nr lhr'rrnal neutronabsorptr<,rn- I'odefcrnrincthchali lrlcol'in ll6hr n:rdr,rlrlrtllJttioil anrl heta countinu lisrnl a (iM counter Alpha spectronlctrr - Trr ealibrate the given alpha spectrorteter and deter ttttrtc lirc t csrrlitl ttrrt Photoelectric cl'lce r rn lc:rtl - To get the spectnulr of'X ra_v-.s enritted tbrnr lcirti tiirqel Lr\ pholr) cl.ciric .i'lircl usrng (,-s- l -J 7 qar)ullir5 Ilrner brernsstrahluug - fo study the inlensity spectnrnr of inner brenr-sstrzrhlrnrlt liottt -r:trcn llanttrlr s()ttrcc Coincidence circr.rils - l-o construct and study the perlormance of serics and Parallol coincitlcttrt- circrtits using transistors und ttr dctermine the rcsoh,ing (tnte li Single channr'l anall'zer - Snrdy ofcharacterisrics ofa SCA using precision pr:lser Ionization charnbcr - Study of variation olpulsc hcight rvith applied voltagc and to otrtarng thc Irrlsc hcigltt spcelnrnr oIX-r;r'. Propo(ional countcr Srudv of varialion of pulse hcight rvith applied voltugc rn(i l() olil.tining tlre prtlsc Ire rlht Q sllcctrum of ,X-l ay: Track detector track ciiameter distribution - J'o measure the dianreters ol rhe alpha ttacks tn ( l{-li) track dctector lir g.'1.ra-vspecln)nr.tL'r -loplotthcmornennlmdistrihutionofht'taparficltstti,in{trr'tthr.T:tsotlrar's l1 il:rrrle L'l-uipit.,t',rrt.l..rrrlrir apdptrlltr--fL,ticlert:rinclhr't:tttlcli-.11f i,, rLiri'la\ 1",111 \;rr';; ,, ,'; I,', ;, ', \l',::rlrii:.', , I . h x !t l(r , I (i,!li!a!.', :i .: r' l,i'i trir, r ,lr'l lL, ,,: I , ,-. '1r i\l . ,tritr- ", iL.L:jl,LcrlsPlratrulll ii.yLlhci-uai)it:lilrri i.Sli Lar:rle r l,r, i,'r I!,. .;_..,,,,r1,,r1 1rl t, I :.i:Ii\ia. irrli:i l\Llllrj , ..i: . :.- ilLL r; i JLtrrUll I,tililli I j li, i .'l ( (inil((lll'lr l)llrC: i\bsorption [ri]r)(!s ol iotiinc \'lhraiioniil hirrrris ,-r j'.r.1() I'irarti uaLrgc (li.u:r\'t(t tsttis Thin fi!ms clci:irrt'ul Pr,,ircrlies (shcet rc:istanco) 'l'lrin tilnts optrcltl propcllies {Re1'leetivity. lransnlls\ron. iltlcrlilatrrrn, rellir!r1l\c li)d('\i - \ i LL-I('l i{ONI(' i\.', iR[ \11:NI'.A I iON I Stnrnr uaLtgc i Sirrrpiescrvorru!l)alrsui 3 Tcmperatllre control -1 Coincidence cir e uits 5 Multiplexer 6. IEEE 488 Electrical intcrlace 1 . Single chanr-rel alalyzer ' 8. Differential voltrneter 9. Frequency synthesizer - Signal generator I 0. Silicon controlled rectifier - chaiacteristics I l. Silicon controlled rectifier - Power control VII DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING l. 2. 3. Write a MATLAB program to plot the solution oiselected difference equalions like u(n): x(n-2) + x(n-l) + x(n) and u(n-li2) y(n-l): x(n) Compute and plot the correlation coefficients of discrete t.ime sigrrals using MATLAB Compute the convolution of two discrete time signals and plot using MATLAB V l(; .l FinJ the lrequcnel of tlrc gircn tunrng ftrrL !r.. iire rcstrlution using dilllrcnt \\'irldo\\ iilif spectral ana[.vsis nri:lltu.tl attt] chcck the ficqueil.'' ir-rg tnetherds -5 f)cslgn an FIR lllter t-y usinu Filrcr Desigl iqrrlbr;r rn MAILAB. Analvsc lhe stabiiitv urr \IItI using polc-2.-;'t; al vsis- LASER AND FIBRE OI'I'ICS I i Optical fibre characteristics (Numerical apcr-iur'j. altcr)uation ard bandwidth) Optical feed back circuit (Feedback factor, ci]in and lrequency response Reference Books for PII\'3(15 il T ltirrrt'- Advancctl ['r'ur:re :r] l'l-risics frrr students Methtts.'n & ('rr (1950) Smith - l\4auuaj rri'crpcrinrenfs in applicri Plrvsrcs - Fluttt:ru'orth (1971)1 Duulap - [ixpcr inrcrrtal Plrysics Modenr nrclhrrds ()xfbrd Universitr' ['r ess (l 98tl ) l\,llilacara (ed) Met]ro,ls o1'cr\pcrrrlrcr)lrrl i)hrsics scr:es of Volumes - Acldr:ntic l)rcss Inc ([93lil Ii [ I l -l l: It 4 [) ';l1,i & PHY 405 : \\'orsnop and \' A !ji \t_srl' :ir:) ,t !l!l-u :i. iil'-: I i-El. lt,it, : Irifrrnai evaluation trr i;e riolie ill tlrt, r"esirrr'lr\( \clrest{rs and rnarks trr l-re illtitttatcd fo the rr}[]tr5!l+. i-,r!(i +l rach sentestc! irse[i Fr-acii.^ai obsr,:'r rgitr-i :rr:ok fo be sulirtli(tetl tr, the lt:iminers :ii llr: iit:i, r,i'.ir:r'.o,:e in t:rch se:ilerii,rr ()r:c na:'k ir iri bl.,:t'iitit:cG i'ronr internti nlit:-l-is-i'1rr r-a,:h :rp.eri::reI): r!,r: rir)tr(-[r\ the student if the rcquirctl iotal no ol ii:.prrirnentli arr not done in eiith seniestcr. :ir ii:c ,\D\/ANCED ELECTITONTCS T OR PTiY F'ORTRAN PROGRAN,I}I ING PHY 306 1 r' 'nirrirurrnr ol l--ight .107 - ) rrprritrrtnl: ic he -.,tD\ir{\('EI) EI-ECTRONICS I ttrrltti ',"t: 9. \ olrllt rcgtrlation LLsLrc ()j',\|'llS(finrl r,ril.-tgi rr'grrlrrtrrrrr r'ltaractcilsticr L\ I'rJtl rcglllt.rtiort) l'rccrsron lcctiiiors ilall r,.avc and Iirl] watc iirt srgnais oi'rri)li t,olt rarrgc tLsing OPAMI'S Astable anil rnonostable inullivrbrator-s using ()['AIr4PS(corlpare the lieqrrcncv of astable ivith thcorilical value verilv the rnonostahl.'operation and deterrnine the pulse width ) t-rJT controlled SCR relallFind rhe 11 value of UJT using CRO Compare the calculated delay wirh thc experimental valrre for di11-erent R - C values) l-ogarithmic amplitier using OPAMPS(compare the output u,ith lheoretic:rl r,alue) l(') porver amplifier - porucr gain and iiequencr response Binary counter using digital IC (sho*'that the IC behaves as a true binary Active narrow band & band reject filters using OPAMP(represent graphically the filter characteristics fiom experimental data and compare it with theoretical value) Decade counters using digital lC( study the counting characteristics & represent the output wave forrn 10. A/D converter using Q/A converter ; I 3 4 5 6 1 8. graphically) : (use 8 bit D/A converter and convert the given anlog signal to digital sigrral ) I t. Syncbronous Up/Down counter and divide by N counter using digital IC 12. Realization of gates using Universal gates using \C14OO &lC7402 Astable and monostable (construct astable multivibrator for different 13. Multivibrators using NAND gates frequencies & measure frequency. Constmct monostable for different R C values &measure pulse width) - J \ to the coiltrollcr nrcsters and nrarks to be intinratcd at the time eratrtincls thc to book (o be rubmitted evaluation ach semest each semc dent it the (ccl lrt)l from internal marks for cach trpcrinrclrt ents arc not done in each semcster' to be) onlv for familiariz'ation' At le (Al NobeirsedSrrllroulines/FunctionSoll)l.tsthettseiitr,l..etcr.er c gcneral' with a possihilitv to c rcq rrlations tot nrorc thitn onc dat PART A : ('l'o bc done for familiarization onll-) i;t"Ii::1,:l!:;:' laigest Arrangini,,unllle 3 [)et-ernilrring ntezttl llnd 2. Finrling .l :l,l j I :. I il s or. ivctr dt.s rc cquarrorl rirr vari.Lrs sels nrhcrs o,'r'.l.cs ,,r'rhe e .crlrc cnrs rdcr stzrndard dcvirltirrr ! tl;ll l"i k i ttJ r r 1- st iltJcrtt :; I il'\ilill J l)(:. tilill.rs n,c I l-tra,l.tgtr intorpcl irt t tll Pol\ l:rlt.'tt :i) lill'I: 'l;il' lh''' tlrl- ''l 'r.ti: ncti,,rt si I SF (lit,il.'iltlrnr:, l,r lrhrain iltc:i' t""rrrJI inr-ercept h; line ar : t)sing litt st-ric'S '\lillsl(!tl lilttcliirrts 'r'lli I i ctcttil-t Be:s:i tioil ,rf nllult'lrriiiis 11'tl:l l'! r: b 5 (, a i iirlrri .r-..r:ric.Li. lc: 1l S,,'1}.i1,tt s :ttcilt,,.l rvlltr Iiryltst:rl Illctllo(1. tnttlitrtttLlt iif i ItLltcit'til verse- ciEer, r aitte Prollletrl ). cos(r). log{x) arld txp(x) 3 9 ttir tttethr)d r ustnr t;ttldt:n1 It, ll Ir tl i'l I itvlor sctits '\piinsl''r1 11111nbcri Ordinarr b(rtiriditr) r alue pt'oblem atltl cit-'sl il'rtil liles 6p".r^,,i,,* t",,h t,il,t'' llLc':To 'rpeti icittl' irttic IVth SE}IESTI]R -lie e respective semosters an-d marks to bc intiniatcd to thc controller tlr the exatninet's at thc tinrc l*^-- i^^, t^ tip suumitted srrhmitted t, rer itserr. ,.r.".i,'iilll',.,';ril";;;u;o for each experinrent not nlarks is to be J"ar","a from internal of viva voce in each ,"-"ri"r. one mark in each semester' no of experiments 8rc not done done by thc student ir tt.'."qri..J total PIIY 406. ADVANCED ELECTRONICS (A minimum of Eight experiments to be carried out) memory unrts of lft x ]{ Random access memory with basic i.^;;;"i;;,i"" 2. Shift register using IC 7495 3. MultiPlexer using IC 741 5 I II U i5 J l)r:todcr l('lii.<) i ['lo!ranttttttl-e t!ill]g S{)3-5 - Basrc.'sin!le h-rte lrrLi-,nrctic ( arirlrtiori. slrl-.rluriri;rrLrsinu X055 (rt f, (ierrcratiou of squlrir- uarcs usiug i(()E-i Krt I J)rorntrl to itrraD-rc a serres of numbcrs rrr asccrrdrng iin(l des(cr)ding o!-drr S ,\'lultr brte addirion and subtraction \leusurclncrrt ol ticquency using miclufirot ') nruiliphcritir;n essur I \4casurenrcnt ol' r ollage and currcnt usine rnicrtrprocessor I I L'odc eonvorsron using dig'ital ICs (Binary,to RCD, BCD to binar_v-,. BCI) to l(i's !l \lruostable usinrl ICs 74121 i14122 Re- triggcrable & Non re rriggerablc I ir:i dirision) ( complcrncnr) 1-l [)csign, colrstrucLiorr and tcsting o1'microprocessor based lrcquencl,mol:toring unir. 1.1 I)esrgn. cor']stnr$ion and tesiing ol'nricnrprocessor biised temparature ltonitoritrs unit. i 5 i)csign, constnlcli()n and testing of'rnicroprocessor hased rr\ cl voltirge , Lrnder voltage and crrrrent ptote clron unri. llcf-ere nce Bookr^ for : I Paul B Zhai rrttd { P. Malvino - Basrc f;iccir-<;rics - A l-err Bock l\4anual- JMl{ publishing (1983) I \ i' \'l.rlrrrro llusic I-.lcclroniei 1 terll;ib rtrlintlri I at:l \fc(lrarr liill ( I992) I ii li . ,i, , ' : ilr,r\1ll i:ii.ellr,t.r]ir lq,; f i;, r, it,ir ir.tL ,.. :r,t(l ircLiri. \ir.,,il litiai-t'tlii:r;iriii SClicr !'!l'r -iU7 - _l'i " i-.L\t;t.i-,\(;E - B-tilC SI\{[rl.-A.!'1('i]\S iN PI['r Sl(.S \rit: !:llcr:i:'l t"itlttaticn to lre cJone in fhe resireclire \cliir.st(.rs:::-til rtrlrks lii hr iniiri'li:irC lrr iht,]rrrigIL]l:e.r I iitt t':iii iti .'atir 't'itrcstt! itse!f, !)L'l;ctrt:ri Iilsairtiili, llr,,r! !rr i)r sr.:irr;)iit*t! iti ttlr,'<l:rittirret's:i thc iiEir ',: i i\,. r ri'.': iIr r2ie :! \:riiester. ()ttl rri:rri.: it 1;. ir'.' r!riiue iecl i;i,; :i:t:t:;rr1 +tar-\s ir;r ':::r-t: :l;-,erilr'!e:=ia tifl; tllrrt<'hr ih('siudent it"the rc<;uircd rotaI ncr rri ,rrnr'rinrcnts *rc ni)i dorie ilr eac[i scll*stt:r. 1-: \t ic:i\t I prrrgranrs fo be doneT irotc: '\ll simtrlalion programs should gire graphical orrtputs. Lhe calculated nurnericai rcsults also shouid iit ritrtpui iri the graphics scrccn. I hc '!'tillB(i L pae kage (\i'!ndou s) or Linur cali br uscd for gcncrating luiid contpiling the source code a*d lo gencrate the crecutlblc cotle. -l-he built in graphics can be used. \i hererer ptissi[rle- the randoi-t] nufltber gcncr:rfUr crir! be uscd- For rrunrericai integrutions and solution of rlii'lrr-critial euurtiorrs. Sirnpso<r's !!tcth1)(i, Fr,r:nge nufta inrlhard zcd VIilnc's uririhud can tre ased. ilcr:r'r:rtion ot the gr-aphics Dl()ts sh(,r!l{: ]]]2tlqg]l!l1: i-rura-t\ b\ using fi:r tinai analrfieai erpressirrns alaruc" 1 iri;i sitrrriirl rtlsc inr olve tlte actual nuttrcriiai L-rl,:edul-t \1 Ilcr('\er E:()ssiit!r, i Studl oi'rnotior oia in a cerrtrai lirrcc lleld b! conrpr:tcr cxpenrncr)t 'fo plot ilre trajectory nartic[c ol a particle ntoritt-e in a CoLrlonrb llcld (Ruttierfbrd scatlcring) and to detentrine Lhc Jctlection angle as a funcrion ofthc impact paranletdr 2 Study ofscattering ofa heavy ion b_y a realistic nucleus by conrputer experiment To plot ihc ir-ajectory of a healry ion in the' cornbined Coulornb and nucleur potential of a reali-stic nucleus and 'deternrine the angle of scattering fbr ditTerent impact parameters .l Verifioation of Kepler's laws by computer experiment T,; plot the orbits of planets around the sun and ro verify Kepler's laws (logT vs log a plots and coustancy of aerial velocitv) - mass ofplanets, semi nlajor axis aDd eccentricity oforbit to be provided 4 Generate phase space plots To plot the momentum vs x plots for the follorving systems : i) a conservaLive case ( simple pendulum) ii) '. a dissipative case ( darnped pendulum) iii) a non linear case ( coupled pendulums) 5. Simulation of the wave function for a particle in a box To plot the wave function and probability density of a particle in a box; Schroedinger equation to be solved energy of the levels to be msumed 6. Scattering ofa wave packet To plot the time development of a wave packet in scattering from a given potential (potential hill and well) by solving Schroedinger equation 7 Simulation of a two slit photon interference experiment : To plot the light intensity as a function of distance along the screen kept at a distance frorn the two slit arrangement --\ lIlr'l ,\ ii)rrt,illi,rir,ri'l ll ,l\i:r,):l,,ir !r,!ii;.!aliililr:li.ititt.l ,ri rjllir I "i.],'.' ir'I'r\tl'.'ririr' 'rii:tr'rili ,r\ lilnett()il\ {)l !ll(t(1uni ail!trl\ i!l .! srludlc [-attttt. .ltt l]-:\tllgrl ,:.:-.,:,i ;:!l.i .ril lrl.r;i'11 ii,''l:rrrllr i'rl;!('i bJ .oiiltr()n r)l S( li! r)r'rl!rlIor c(lttiill()l] I1r Il1r! 1111 l)ril.l\ll\ r 'ill(l hirrdirrg })ittittt)cl(t\ .'l,l.ii. i,'tl.!ltl)t: ()f valtlcs rcl.rIlii\c narl\ ol t]tc lolel)llal lrlr rarttrrts Plllllll'l('tcl\ l0 ( ttntptttcr stlltllattolls pl srrtall r)SCillations ln stlllplc lltr)lr-tttlt': Iriatr.ttlte tltoltrrtjc l()r \.rll(rLl: l)rrll(l () Srrtttii:rtr6r': ('l i a1!lar(l I{)1c\ Ir{)taltilrl. eonslanls (') \\ k) I I ('oulpuler sinruliittot)s 0l'lt)-ll) Iattice vibr;rtrolrs : l() Plol llrr ciislctst,rt't rclillions ( ('ornputer ditlrcnsiolls and \\'alk highcr in one sinrulalttrtr ol'ritnd()rn l2 fo plof fie trajecrory ola parrrcle undergoing raudorn Dr()ti()n ilr rrnc antl l$o dttttcrtsiolts tttttlcr the itlllLti:n, lilrce aud to calculalc thu ntcarl sqrlarc distance Studv ofdistrrbrrtron on N particlcs in M energy leveis fbr panicl.s obertttg the thret it;rtistlc:;rt rlitiercttt l4 tenr perafu res l-5 tiomputation ot-ririal c()elficicnts for a given potentral r nteerati on | 6 : ( alculalion oi-al and a2. potcntial plors ( nttnrcrrcal ) I-ogrstic equation- hiltrrcatton dttr-qranl lleference Books : I "Nlastering l-urbo (-". Stan Ke Ilcl' Uootlc, BI'll I'trblications. Ncu' I)clhi 2 "C'ompLrtational l)h),sics xn intro(luction". ti ('\'urtna. I'K- Ahltruali;r rrnd Irtcrrr:rtional I'rrblislt,'r : t of it i ,r,--tr\Ljt..,l ,)r1,,;, ,, .:, i,'-'.i s - r, .. r; i,)l( I i, !,,,liiil I i i!( \\ '-,:-:.i,; -i: \ itl '. _ ,l ,! . i ,,1 , ll'l K (- Sh:rrnlir- \('\\ '\.qc ',r 1, lr: : ':l; ii ',r i'\sril-l-i,'-:ltii'llrlll i'ir.'' 'rr:"jr I\\, l.iltir;,i-(i "'rr;';" 'r:i"r lii il,ic )\tliir(ricilj ;rt.'tlririj-.,rtjriatcilllLi .lnl!l\\:5 .\1.':i:l'\ i'lj:rl')sil \ li (iolrid. j irritrrt:hnrk ..\1; Ur!rrrtirrcltUt) t(,Cr)tttl)irl('i \rilr ri,il)ir,r irr(',irr'(l: \:)l:ii1,li;r':'' i1t i'llr' :i :l.'rll' Ir:r;ts i .t I \.j,lis,,r,\,\ csir.,, r lrjSS) ; i, i-. irirKtlrilt :irrrl l).1 .\!'\rj)t.tri (-ltililrli.tiri'il.lt -',i ;'1.1r;.5 ';l i'i;r:: : \,i1, ll i "i,:r i )l-1;. it ii,rrrlri,:: r( l,,,rrir ', i.i r;r ' : ,'l -'"' l(i -('rrrrsrrrliLrlr) l()t !,ippcr r,j\i-:i irlt\srcs Sofirvaroi( t rj5, "i ., ;1-'117.1;;1j 199-i I.fl_IlZ *P\','nloN" LAN(;ti,\(;E Noft,: !nfernal cvaluatitrrt (o hr rhrrrt'in fhc respcc(i\c \rrrrcstcrs anrl lttrrks lrr hc intintaled to the ettttlrJll0r al lhr rnd ol each \ernestor iiself. practical rrbscrralir)ft !t(ii)k to iir sitirnrilterl to lhe c\nrlrilltl-::tl iilt'liiIr(' rf viva roce in each scmrstrr- Onr ntark is t0 he rlcductcti ij-itttt i:t(r:rlilt] m:]!'ks li]r r:tcli crperit:]{'lrI l!{}! done Irr the studcnt it'thc rr:quircd totat no 0f erpcrintenf s a!-r.' rr()t rlonl itr t'ach s*nrcc(cr sDecificd- onlv trvo nced bc done. I 'frajectory evolution : a) I,rojectile motion $,ith air resistance, b) Tra,iectorr.'olPlanets arortnd a star 2 phzise space portraits : a) Hairmonic oscillator b) Dantped oscillator c) Forced darnpetl oscillirtor J Classical scattering problem 4 Electric and mag,n-itic fields a) E tleltl fronr a 2D metal prism b) rnagneti( lield lionr a currcr)t loop c) magnetic field fiom a straight u'ire d) 2D vcctor field Plotter 5. Monte Carlo simulations (.aiculation a) Unifbrm random generator b) Gaussian random generator c) Exponential random generator d) of the value of tr e) Numerical integration of I D 6.Randomwalkproblem:a)Brownianmolion b)piffusion c)Percolation d)Diffusionlimitedaggregationin various lattice geometries T.Fourier transform method a) Discrete F.T. b) Fast F.T. 2D 8.Stationary and time dependent Schroedinger equation :I c) Power spectrun of a driven pendulum d) F.F.T. in D and 3 D g.Applicatitns in Statistical Mechanics a) pair correlation function b) Auto correlation function c) lsing model \, -:i; :irnttlatiutt ti ) NlulccLllltr,it ttllttltet rl ll)LLiiii rt,ll ln addition, an! 0f the sinrulati()n prograrns gir en under "C"' language also can be carried oul using P1 thon' Rel'crencc Books : I Plthon - F.ssential ret'erencc by D N,l Bcezley- l)earson F-tlucation (l'd E.dition - 2006) 2 L_ore l)uhon Ptrigramrnir.rg - \\,J Chrrn, Pearsun ljducatiOn (Sc'cond Edition - 2007) PHY,108 PROJECT An cxhaustive lrsr of pro.jects s,ill be preparr'd and nmde rcadv by cnd of 2008 A sarnple list is eiven belorv. l.Design, lirbrrcation and experinrenrnl stLrdv ot practrcal dcrices Lrsing tirndarnentai principles posirir.u sensirive Singlc \\ irr: Propttnional C()unter, to calibrate it and use I To cirnstlrct a it tbr rclcvanl experi mental measll renletlts on 3 Srudy ttl statistics oi radioactivc, courrting - using GM countcr and Scintillation delector - Depetrdence couDt rale, ,listribuiron of pulse heiglrts ctc J Prr)lccts trsilr_{ I)hi,crrir K-ir ,jerclop,:,j irt tl). lntcr [!rtivcrsii'. \c.r'l(rator ('enlrc. Nerv !)clhi i,r,!rr,r\ r:l.lr1ii'relli :1'llliiL)ns itilrl (icfa!l(lutlL!'(rll fir!:!'|-rtrlr rir r;1 i Slt;tjr ,rl--,;ti,,r-,t,r iiiltilLl.lli,,it :,,' .ltrlri.il ',r I i)' ; : , t' ,, i r::\,iu\j!ijl,li!.: , lil .r ' :-'i,.,. -rri. :1:: r, \t :: r\ . ..:..:.1. -i-:, , llil('!:1!il(tl-i: ,\. il.:\ iiiiii)ill,1 ;i\l r: ,!ir.l);1..')'. .:,i, ,111,r1i .,1,'1;,,. ,,1 .'il..ii,: -l .i Sit:rii ttse i! l() stt,i!\ :ii;so:iriit;ti:ii-faal!'i::il ')i'-' r:ir'rr' :' .i ( ()llSliir-li(,rt .ritl;tatri,i: rtj':i'.is i,,i .:rl.ir.,l itititttt)ul.'l ',:lJ - tlcl'rcttd ctt,.',: (r! I c(i)llcl-! i! iii r a,ll (l('i)cl1(lcllca r)jl ar)!l(c;liiri!r'i I(l ( trnsriLrct ir Frtll:iiittctci ;:nil stLtri., lit(: i)1)iirri,/illiu!t clriua,lltistlcs ol-iiqujds ii;li'! )tt1t''itll:':": i1s;rr-tlpCffiiq \lllli\ \!SiCiil 9i iixti j ( ill'ic i(,:lllll(r:)i,.ilirr!l ,rLt:iiircil|:'i,)'l i,i; i)nlr(:Li l I2 F::l.ni.:rtir,,r irl-tltr:t fiii!: :rn(j slrrrl. ,ti rl,ati .jiralne:ri- irtlitlitr'1i.'illld ()PtiCal prol,r'rtr(s t-: Srudy rtf crtr ir,rtrpteptit! : ir<ii,.ractti il-r I .1 l-he,tr.'t i ca I slitd i c: rl1' ; l-,.i,ri it: it si. t:' : I 5. fheoretical srud\ ()l :()ti ,jhrl)ilelil,g I6.]-heorctrcal sluti\ ofcltrtnttci ct,uplirrg.'Iii'cts irl Iteavv totl lirsiolt i7 Studi(s t,tt ilbte optie cahles i8 Studl'ofterrcr & tcrri eiectricill ll)aterirlr rrs i)lenlorlcs !9 Sttrtll rtf nlr,ttr-r aL'oustic lnaterials l0 Studr () l' tltasnc'l osll'iLl 011 illl(i prlleli.:;ri lrDpl i euti tlrts I I Erpci-inrenral studr ol :tl-cantlinc(l ii:tJ lilil,uicut ilrlrr ,li licltrirls l2 l-ahrication atr<i sntdi i'i ,rofrtrrics' cri cr'':irlis i - 23 Rarnan e1'lcct studY 24 tlaterials analysis b-v spcctral studies 25.Optical fecdback circurts and cornpanson ',vith similar electrouic feedback circuirs 26.Conslruction and studl' of a Single Channcl -{nalyzer 2T.Constmction and sttldy of a strain gatrge 28.Constnrction and shrdl'of a optical nrodulator - demodulator svstenl iiicri.-,.;r;' r' )., 2lti)iiiirinrn; j'll\-lili Tirne: 3 \i \i ji,',i i, i('\i. l,.l[\$ii':-r iioui-s Marirlurn:B0rlar-k:, Stx'Lirrrr,\ ri': .a :ilt tlriu'kst Glve short paragraph answers for any two questlons from each module. f - iit.t Slrrnr- tlrtt ([ilr\:d{,r. ot+ir{-* .'J])q i.ltl Tlp.: lrrq,pt.+luri, uf u tt,a!q- x jlrjr-it iCl 1\lr;il iui: drt'tir;frirfttriStir-N 2. (tr rllii.{i.(Juilr+- (iJil{ULiun (-]lrtt l. r,lr-.rt,r., i-'r Iu i\-i-l;ilj ,_if ll] -t,/i) \z i+ iuriui+uLr- } Litrrir.r,r-i!..,rr;d ri,L.ii(i,.rrr- Pr<,rr.. r?[')rt-]ri]{.-,rurl crulrilirtrJ{tr i.1--r(ilqLilrilr,-r".' 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(i. SECTION B (2 X 15:30 marks) - Answer any TWO question in about 2 pages U fr l"S it turit lt{ar-ir i:r flrr:. rlfu+i'ti<,rL ,:rf illir<tl\ill+ g, ,rr, ti'r,' ilur[ t1 .? ,t.lr = mI itih2hg't ti" d'oh'l vx& ': L' , ll'l'at' i,1 lbs ?Es h 0g: ) 7. $. . $'rrun'd,At SirniJiUiq+.U-anEfrrr:natilrr Of a rrUtuitr[r-t*nOt ('+quqtl,it-.: tr-itc(.&:rd +hti-,rlrirr+urr_- Trflrufor:n l{ellL}rcrltz e{lua*Eiorl irL rirrtrrlar ryJil<hica] cc,a<Lilaut_r irrrn $ or'.Jirra:1: EliflerE=cLtl.tl e{JLrirlifirr.J c,f silxrilli-' 6.uuti(ar-< cf p,f iVr + hr't$*,lrz): 0 +ur,J z. (P.T.O) \- ll- S]r,.rrl rir,tit r]rc.l-r:grrtllc l*iulrrrd;tl r.rai /-,n {r) ceur l"x., (,-\l,rr.,*d\.[ :#(;)'(af gectirnr C i'! * 1i) : iLt -r), 2[t rruuLq) -{-u*sqru auLl- T"VI'O rlrr$rJiru+ I(t- 'flrt'illgle lr('ttlitlr trtti \tcl.r:u-\- Lq ),- In splierical 1>diu-o:rorrlilritrts. die.ir-tli:r<timr-s ilrt ir'('rr l,r- du' 1,eirx ..f iui,+'lrs ;.0t.f t r uLql i.b.iti- SlLc,s' chirr -, ,-'r-,s.-\ i I- .l 5i ,. r'a- r.-.15/rt ,-(r.\dr -- rittt'1 sitr ',L;rr. Ilt,." Sr.'.ltr +tl'tL,:'S(luArl-+ i :;;lrSll ,.!tiiilLi, i.r,L. l[ ,l .i.,,, :- i.:l ,'-11j1i, , 11,;ir 1,,, -,': ,j -i t,:illlir i ..:. j.. !!:. ,, .'," il -r- , ; lrlrliiJ,']iri jr , ,,, i,i: l,ir-!-1-ii(ar-li. Ir, l,l rL,]'d(rrrf{rt^l f/2c"si{1 ilf{ rn;inis r.,'rrildis Lrtlu-,;lr,r- turEht'ftljr,,:'i+ ,i j dx- ,-!t..rit:i;.{ i.-ri..ai!,.,1- ,,j. ltr I s'*.' ,.i-rii-n{x.7cx -- 6o,, !a - l'r) ,. li C.v tii.r rlr,iti -- ::.14 : 5 i i{.}DEX- QLrF-S I , itr:i isccl i{}il syii:rtus 2(X)8aLi:nn; nili ;ii;l r i .:,i'I-RODYNAMi(ls Time : -1 liours Section A (10 x 3 : ii-4FEii AND PL.ASir!.q f,r;'::li's lvlaxirnunr Xtrr:ra; r...r, 30 marks) Give short paragraph answers to any two questions from each module. l" (a) Write Maxwell's equation^s irr integral form. (b) What is the acivantaee of using phasors? (c) Explarn retArded scalar porenrral Whar do you mean by dispersion? 2 (a) What is group velocity? (b) Explarn intrinsic impedance of free space. What is the consequence of intrinsic impedance beconring a real number? (c) Describe Doppler effecr il4enrrcn one of it's practical applications (a) 3. Explarn characteristic impedance of a line (b) What is the dominant mode of a wave guide? (c) Write a note or cavifv rescnatois;f -i IEI l)csr::r, ,,, ', : i'-..*1..;.. ,.. ir'i i.Iirihii: .i ' rirr.-rrr 'i.-'..:ir, ' '. il . ,_ l.i ii !ii1, :lil- iil.;. (a) i:xplair i)eb'. c (-b) . :,.:1 . .i. ,. srlrcii.li:.1:: \\'ital aIe tile a,-)rl(i;tirlrls'i]-i,i lC) W:hai lir(l !l,1ilgllai,)s{)r')iil:-,, ,rjr rr.rrtizcci gas lr.rsi ::airsfr io be calicil as l,iiisr,ra' : {2 x f5 :30 roarks) Answer any'fWO questions in about 2 pages Section B 6. Write source free Maxwell's equa'ricos" Obtain source free wave equatioos for E and [1. 7. Discuss the normal lncidence of olectomagnetic u'aves at a plare dielectric bcundary. 8. Discuss TlVi waves i1 le6izngular '*-aveguides. WLat is cui-ofF',vzivelerrgthi' 9. Discuss the motion oi'a chargcd partrcic in a unilirrm ilagnetic a uniform electric field is also introduced? -Section C (2 x fieid Wirar change in tire rrajcctirn :s rxpccieci il l0 :20 marks) Answer any TWO questions. 10. S6ow that if (ErE) are solutions of source p then so also are (E',H') , where E': nH and free Maxwell's equations in a simple medium charectarised by e and E: - E/q. In this equation q ilple; is the intrinsic impedance of the medium. I l. Find the Poynting vector on the suface of a long straight conducting wire of radius b and conductivity o that carries a direct current I. Verifu Poynting's theorem also. 12. A hollow l66tengular wave guide has wavelength for the dominant mode. I a: 6 cm and b: 4 cm. Determine the cut off wavelength and guide 3. Obtain continuity equation in relativistic tensor notations. ft3 ,ir'I'AilF:,\ : i)i)liacin:-r ) r. Stti;+;r -1 {ii; iech anics i\'i,1.\ )r 3 .= -it_i r:,,li^. .' marks} Give short paragraph amswe!.s tr: aav t.*,s questions frorn each module. I. (a) State and explain D,Alembert,s pnnciple. (b) Show that arear velocity is a consrant in centrar force motion. torque? (c) Show that the Hamiltonian is a con-stanl of motion 2 (a) Find the poisson bracker tL^, Irj if rhe w,l it remain a coDsfant if there is a net extemal I-aerangian does not depend on time explic:irrv that c is antis).nrmetric bles are lurear functions of lime axis of rotation and w is the aneular (b) Show that the aa (c) Explain with nec 4.(a) Explain the me ' -:,.j. . . i, ia ) Flxniltirr I iitl r1,1,. _,_., n is the thg seq and rotating coordinate sysrems. ibrmarions that dehne the Euler.ngres a! mocies of vibration. coordin ; j : - ihr ierm stroilq(, ilili_iii.i( r o) 1!11ai i,, 1s.;nO cii_-ubl;rigl, .-)'+'irlli .;'r' r.i,,.1 irnrlCrstl:1.1 lr l:.;i..g, ;1.i.,;,1 :.,:, Secricn R 5' i2 x iS:30 rnarks) Answer an5,.I\\rC questrons in about 2 pages Derive Hemiiton's equations of moiion. obtain the llanultonial of a srmpre pendul rm ;;*l};r1TilLt"fff:" :rr-fi#l*'s with a moving suppon. of twc variabies Discuss its rrnportani oroperties and sho,*, ttrar it is invariaai equations of motron tc obrain a ro;apiete scjurion oi the probiem t f free rotation cf u-urier a a symmetr:cai 9. Two identical pendulums are coupled by a slcring of force consr4nt k. Show that the frequencies of oscillation the system are (,); = v(g/l; ana .,, :v(g/i * zw^-) where / is the length of the pendulu* Section C (2 x l0 i,nr.". if;i"fi1]?i:Jlf"T[::,:l:j'""d il' :20 -a-,i-r. of the mass suspended. marks) any TWO questions. with an rnitial velocitv u ar an aagle o to the horizontat obtain the Lagrangian Forwhatvalues ofm and n do the transformationequations e: q'cos(np) andp: q-sin(np) form a canonical tansforrnation. obtain the generating function. 12. Using action angre method, obtain the frequency of a simpre harmonic oscillator. 13 ' Find the momehts and products of inertia of a parallelopiped of densify p and mass M with sides a, b, c about one of its corners' Hence deduce the inertia tensor for *i,r-r-rra" " "ru" ".--^ h+ \ MODEL QUESTION PAPER (Revised syllabus - 2008admn.) PIIY 104: ELECTRONICS. Time: Three hrs. Max: 80 marks Section A (10 x 3 : 30 marks) Give short paragraph answers to any two questions from each module. l. 2. 3. 4. 5. (a) Explain the self bias technique employed for a JFET. How are the operating points fixed? (b) Draw the circuit employing a typical JFET as a WR and explain its working. (c) E:yplain the design and working of a MOSFET NOR circuit. (a) Wliat is tansferred electron effect? How does this effect lead to negative differential resistivity? (b) Explain clearly the lighr emission mechhnism in LEDs. Mention one material each, suitable in the visible and I.R regions. (c) Discuss the light dependence of resistance in LDRS. Construct a circuit showing the application of LDR. (a) Eiplain CMRR of an OPAMP. Bring out its significance ia circuit applications. (b) Explain the term 'Slew rate'. How it is experimentally measured. (c) Write a short note on Eole-Zero compensation (a) Draw the basic OPAMP integrator circuit and show that the crcirit is able to perforrr analog integration. (b) Compare the low pass, high pass and band pass filter characteristics. (c) Draw an OPAMP monostable multivibrator circuit and give the expression for the pulse width. (a) Draw a mod 5 synchronous counter circuit and represent its ruth table. (b) Explain the working of a typical DRAM cell. (9) What are CCDs. Give a brief account of any one application. Section B (2 x 15 = 30 marks) Answer any TWO questions in about fwo pages. 6. VI 7. 8. 9 Discuss the tunnel diode operation on the basis of energy band diagrams for different biasing . conditions. Explain the nature of the I - V characteristics. Give a brief account of any one application. Discuss the design, working and circuit analysis of an emitter coupled differential amplifier. Discuss the design and working of an OPAMP astable multivibrator. Obtain an expression for the period of the ouput wavefomr, What are Karnaugh maps? Explain how a four variable SOP function can be minimized usiag Karnaugh map technique. Section C (2x f0 = 20 marks) Answer any TWO questions. 10. Determine the voltage gain, rnput and output impedances of the given circuit. Yo, =50 and Ip5 = pS, gro: 5 mS Ips5/2. +I5 V o-----l (P.r.o) \s 1l Calculate the photon current and carrier transit time for a photoconductor from the following data. Quantum efficiency = 75%o, number of photons reachiag per seoond: 1010, mobiliry = 3000 cm2/v-s, effective electric field: 5 KV/cm, L: 10 pm, carrier life time 0.7 ns. t2 Calculate the magnitude of db gain at various arbitrary signal frequencies for OPAMP 74lC assuming that it has a single break frequency at 5Hz and open loop gain : 200000. Represent the salient characteristics of the response graphically. l3 If the inprrt !1 in the given circuit is a siausoidal wave of amplitude 6V and frequency 1 KHz, represent the ouput wave form obtained across RL showing the correct phase relation with the input. The output voltageswing for the OPAMP is t 12.5V. -l i I Calculate the photon cur..ent irnd f phi,.ior:s reachrng persecond - i0"', mobility - 3000 c,rt. \ Quantum efficiency - 75oh, num effective electric field :5 KV/cm, L J 0 ;rm. ca;-rier life time 0.7 ns t: Calculate the magmtude of db gain at fi ious arbitrary signal frequencies for OPAMP 741C assuniing that it has a single break lrequency ar 5H (rpen loop gain : 200000 Represent the salient characteristics of the response graphically 13. If the inpUt Vi i-n the given circuit is a sinusci I u,ave of amplitude 6V and frequency I KIlz, represi'nr the output wave fonn obtarned across RL shov the conect phase relation with the input. The outpur voltage swing for the OPAMP is i l2 5V 3 6K. , ,i ;l- i_ r rl I ' i li ; , I ',,, . i S l ti r,jl;- l' i'r -:Lr1 l\l\illi_'t (],' , :-., ' '. '-t'ir t.riri ri i,jl) --ir - .'\ect ioir i ,ir l A trt;tlJ.-,sJ Glve short paragraph answers to any two questions from each rncduie. . I :::,1: .-;. rl,rl,iii \\'ltr 5 ' .r.1. ; :.:ii: - !- : i .:,t:t .t. ,il' -::,r,-,'. rllar if I : flf ic -r ' t,: li:.:,,: i lii ,l . I r ., !ttj ,, 1;1,r;3 _-i;,i,1,.rtriri.i \a:-rt ih-tr L ,- jti,r,,,,-,t1,-i,_-t.,, -, r D::irr-e \:'.-lrrii's ; E--.:;:,lai,i seconcl la*' fl',-;rr: Har:rili,:,lr's lrrrilipie ci r.l:: a,.:ra,l ihe c:iasses ui iitie3ral p( tLiatlutr: i.ir.r Fild integr-al e(luaiion corresp(tiLcling r(l iei d.: u -- fi 4-- - ' /.t,.'. suirject ro the corrclitions ai u(t - 0) : O (+ ) : f \ cl.t: ,l ,_o (c) Enu,erate the p,operties of Green's functio. of a self-acljoi.t ,:iiffereniial tcf c,per.a- l+'l .A )li :iil- il O T\i Art\r ci' Ailss 1) k:) 'iiirl t,lilt -r rlr r: jlI ab()ui : 1r'-tgt'-' i''r" ( i' :' li ":' r'i iitr L;,'ir-:,') ''-;)Jl::'-cl':': :1 '1" , .,:. :l-:illlCe ol'rir" S:Ll:rtl ,' r ,, :l:'::'l' : 'rir n'-'i a Sl'i 2 I gii't't-' ' OL-'tairl 'ii- :''l''l r:- :l:.:'ttt't'ill gl'i)rl'r ll I ' l:l-1r l)11'\r'r': "\-t:.,Lr:l,la.irr rhe irllpot-ran':;-' of S1.- i2) liiLl'i:-; 'I ' i ilk!: ( ial''' i l ''ll:it'aitli: . ',i'rri.i iile l-egr alrgialr lr,.rltipliels .- El'-'"" ;: I l:)llli- g SL: rl ; .gl'-,lio il : --"-iililDit'' l"lrlriiiailc'ti in lrit''r':' '' lrr ''-t'1111)l: uj rr..: are rrtregrai eq'.lutic,ns? \ic:r:r'''lr ::' e(!uar'i('lls : ' - .-'liitti'-ttl i'i rt:: tEiai r,: , 1 -i.-::-is. C.l' r il'1,' r-il;'f ]rr-'r] of )' etill:'l-:" '' 1,'i (t\.t)_,-. ' 1,,. .it,:: separal)ie ker-irei t"ttLotl I i_ _ I ! i .:.-;. : . :ir)i,tu \, : .j'il j I I L'.1. { ll ; \i.Sr' l)l -,.. I . ii-\,\' ;ii I _i i__\ | ' i i ,: i , I 1-,lJlr,.ri.ili i'!i\-:'ril \i-.riEillct-tl TF.c'H\l iT E:.\\D r,'r C',(r-rl1,i lEii PRo(iIt \r1 ,i11..i, Section -{ (1(lx,l:.ii)rnarks) Give short paragraph answers to any two questions from each module. i,ll El.;rl:,itr" tlrr,r'O1)\jet-ge]I(,o r.1.;rr.i .,i, ,,i ifita: jii 1.,1.,-:r.,j;,,; i'b) E-rplzrir ilre nethocl of i.ri.ser.r;,.r:, ir: irrrcl ihe r-c,ot ,f rr frrrrclir--,rr ii I Dei'r.li,t',;t, jl,,:-a.ii.,-e fi,l.iiit,t. .,:,rr,:i-.,:1,,,;;1,,, , , r,,,rl,-i )' (at Clive a irst, oi arithntetic ib; oj)elaL(,r.r il.rii f.irli r-i.,r.r( i,.-1 .ir..(' ;ir Ir i)FiLti-.. .,. L-xplairl the rnethod c,f creaiing arrrl o1.,ening a .lara irle rri f (c/ Eramine rhe ,se of r-oR.r,I.4r *.iaLerrerrr. i, FORTF rli r. ia) \ame arrd describe the foiir- l,,asi,--. i_r.pes of cr)nsrani,s il C-iauguage (b) \l'hat is the pllrpose of the functior putclitLr(.) llor,-is langriage? (c) Corlpale the use of the stuttih \lrhich is tnore conr.enient stat-er.rrent ri'itir the t'lljlIi..{\. use it rised irr Cl- ol nestecl if...else. .7 \+i r\ Ansu,er -*'g1 arII ar ,,^ . ,or,.'l,,lll t:*' o. Deriio ., Section B t+"1;l']'11*'t"uo *q-oLro,s ;iiilll,;:i,; 8 rlrrat aie /.i in about two ^,^-. ,*:,:l,,,lJi:xi1,:: r;[*:#ff,,,::.::,,i::lJj ;;'l?1i';:li:T vu'/' js lt - ,;.orrru.rl-u"-uilotttries in FoRTn 4 \-.2 n. _ ''"'u ont **uuroi."#;li7 Differeatiate 9. \,r,hat '- n.'e sil'uctuies u a.raJ's. c? Gi'e orre exaarp.re. section Pages. 'ott' din'e:en- difereni betu,eea --" functj rqrrctroXs ard sub- co..^^lornpare thern vvtLr' unions "' rvrtl: c (2_7ifo xrrr _ ,_^ .r.su,e. ;#ilJI, uul al.le..t lr:ots orJ. of tlle fu,ctjon r,rng taDLlratec O and f (:t') = r;sjr e, * cc cos?. usjng .!.i,rri:rs ..., a/lo &lrd.r]^..r ca.lcu.late c the slope a?r,4 .-<v e\- bJ' 5 er,et..i, tll,o seconds. js gir..en bl, .ulder thu -4 .rru, SD \, l{t)Dri, cll E_i]-lo\ 1r\FER DEGI1EE E\,\.\IINAT]ON ERIC].{L TECHNIQUES A\D CO\,IPUTER PROGRA\,IT,,Ii\ G J\{,SC, PHY-202 NU Section A (iir ;'' 3:.1[)rnarks) Give short 1 (u) Exatnine tht answers to any two questions from each module. r,,rrrr- (b) Erplain rhe (u) \\'hat is a dtijei.eiice cliteiion ,rf iter.ative ence, pr-ocesses. nrr,tLro,i bisectioii tc, fltr,:l rhe roor of a function, (.) Der.elop al lf r.rarir-e fo riiit to calr:Lrliiie the crroe root of a num)tel using Ner.r'tOn-Raph:rlit lleth 2 tal_.,]e . piail., i.,'iil, (b) Estirnate the t,rutrcatir,n errol.' 1r (.) Is it possible i c,, irse the for"rlula function .) If r es, 3. liitrar (c) Suggest t a,| a itrtcr"l>oiatron. lilreai acr:ril:-Lcr- u.l't method. Brieflr expiair, e-;ailpJe. 1e,a,s1 hol'l (") Compare the lei,els of (b) a.i., rdz,l :letlioc,l and Srurpson,s rhe methocl of Ci:l',-rssiar, nte,- j,')(l c,f inieqratroii "6.,rre f,t for an exDonetrtial list of 3 ,lLatLl-e for integlation. if a firnfir rs er-aluater,l etvals. (u) Give a 1 a,-,thr..,etic operators and their p (b) Explain the lnetliod o1 cr-eiiting anci ope,riilE , in FORTR-{\. ence .1ot.t a. uneouai in- in FORTRAN, (.) Eramine the rrs,: oI i:OR:\[41 sraielr:r:ur in F(;RTRi 5 (a) (b) \ame and clescri lte tiie fbr* baisrc t., l)es of c,r,,rrsta,ts in \\;hat is the I)rirpose of the fulction pti,tcl.ior(i. Hor,. language? (c) COtrlpale age. is tit€ ii:L:t ,rf irrl rt,1ir:it, srateljtpltt ,,-.rih tlte uSe of \\iiiiCh is rncrle, i oitr-r;ilienf , used neste\ i,f in .. C- else. t+1 6t r-r \4odel Quesrion paoer \{Sc PFIYSICS PT{\-203 _ STATISTICAL MECHANICS Section A. (10x3=30 marks) Give short paragraph answers to any two questions from each modure. 1' (a) What is Gibbs paradox. Does rr appear in quantum statrsticalmechanics? Explain, (b) Examine the physicai slgnificance of the number of microstates of a system. (c) Give the logic behind ihe assumption that phase space is raade up of unit cells of volume h3, 2' (a) State equiparution theci-em, Use the theorem to ca-lculate the rnternal energy of diatomtc gas at room ten-tDeiature a (b) Explain how the canonical panition function is relateci ro various thermodynamic functions. (c) Discuss density flucruarion in grand canonicar 3. (a) Write a note on densrty ntatrix. ensembre. (b) Explaln why there are rhr.ee distributron rarr,s. whicn aie rhev/ (c) Evaluate the rotarional paruticn function of a diaromrc gas molecule at high remperature 4' (a) Discuss how Bose-Einste in condensation is differeni from o;dinarl'vapour-liquii phase transitions. (b) Whatis the chemical pr.,i,,.liral (c) Explain how specific he of protons rn a :"r.itV? Exllain .,i i,f iiq,:id helium vaiics How is it different fron, thai of an ideal Bose ,..,'itir teilptrarure? gas? 5. (a) Obtain an expression fot.Fermi energy of an elecrron gas. (b) Explain why all electrons dc not condense to zero momentum state even at absolute zero of temperature. \tilrat rs the average energ\r of eiectrons at absolute zero? (c) Electrons are responsible for both damagnetic and caramasnetic proDenv of materials. Comment. Section B (2x15 = 30 marks) Ansrr ei an'rz TWO questions rn abr-.,ut 2 pages 6. state and prove Liouville s il-i,r,lem Disc,.r-ss dr-r-,'onp ,_onsecLeir-_e rf the same 6t \7. Investigate the energ) fjuctuations disribution among the rnembers ir a canonjcal en:,emble Also show that the energy of the canonicar e',sembre ;s Gaussial. B. Explain Debye theor_l, of specific heair.. whar rrqt diu are rhe rile olilli'ences diffr of the theory with Einstein theory? 9' Discuss ths theor)' of r'i:-,.e drt.arl -s:ars. comrnenr i-r]r ihe Chandrasekha rimit Section B (2x10= 20 marks) 10' A gas has two indistinguist:ff.rT:.lT,:Ll'o quanrum states are available' iIor, in the rd Jevel, in which three mart]' .nicrosrates aie pe.ssibre according to (a) Fernri-Dirac statistics; (b) Bose_Einstein statistics? Shorv 11. Calculate the I ,.hese states in a tabular form, I.:il:l, ::*fflil,Tj,..,l,:,Jj,,,1, .= il;,jJ;'assica, 12' ca-lculate the transirion os c,,ators Assum e harm oni c temperature of uqria u"-I rrl,r,o He-II. The morar iiquid helium ar the critrcal vorume of the temperature is 27,4.rr,-smr.The mas.s of herium atom is Also calculate the tempereiure ar rvhich hali the ato,s are in the ::ilH:' " ;_i":;l::T;:.'r, lor,,,ermosr can be e.xpressecl in rerms .r rhe can,nlca.r probab,ityp.as s \lOlrEL QL ESTIO\ P\FER \l Sc DEGREE EX,{\tiN {Tlrjl pU\'_204 Otr-{NTL :\t -\iECI{eXlCS_t Section A (tO x 3 : 3[L urark-_c) Give short paragraph anstt ,ers to any two questions i. (a) State an1. rhr.et, t'' from each module. 1.lroper.ties of inner. prociuct. i;llli:;;rolclinate,epiesentation (L.O \(/lL./: of ket and bra r,s6161s, r,erif..the r.eration (c) Explain tl e ener.g-r,_r1nte uncertaintl relatit,l. Horr- is p osition_rl ollt en t 2. (a) \\'h1,should ullr uncert ainit. rel aii c.,it it clifferent fioni . ririre e\.olurion oper.ator be ,nita^.? (b) Distinguish be.*'een Schrodinger. (c) It r is the Dosrrrc'lt rieisenber-g- anci interaction pictures. operator' a free lra,.ticie i, Schrodinger. pictu'e. the con'esponcij:iq operator. ';f irr lieisenbelg pic,tur.e. a (a) \\rhat (b) List the proper-1ies of pauh spirL rrail.r.ies. f,,. ar.e Clebsch_Gorclon coefficients? (c) Eraluate tjre 4 courmur".o, I i, 7_l -..i L (a) Shol, that operator for time reversal is antiunitarr.. (b) Prove that sr-n:ntetr1. ieads to degeneracr-. (.) }r:X5jff,iff:.,1fi.in 5' ,", |,r:rlffidifferentiai thr: treatrnent of identicat particles in ctassicat sr-:x11s1ing cross-se*ion, Ho*. is (b) Explain hon' tire: potetttial i.nction it cler-e..mines phase (c; \ljhat are the cr.,ricririrrns of raricritv of.the Bolr r.eratecr srrift to scattering clLre to scatter- ap1,1.oxir:ratior,) 53 , i,ecticn B 1- :.- - 'i- :.t.rL-i:s) An:i-,i-er anr.'i YriL) c1irr,s-uions. [,. iI irera ii.] r,. irl.ir(' i'i)-cr;-r'iaria,:r -'l (.i-.,:1-i.lr. r.,,--iranics,Explain mornentuul SpaCe I'elli'eSFjIitriIr',Il,.ti rr':rr-€:iLt.|a,i i,,Ii I):>r,Ls;: ; Frllti ariratiir.:i',rl-',iiri.iirir:1.ii,-'lr ari'-ir.,1 .i. i-)r1,;,1ril:-i -'r-r:-r':i:rr Discr:ss lt,t::itlr lii p,:, rt.ti,:: lil ..,', l-. 'i\ii: ir r, ri,:Jteonpaulispinrnatlices. i-t:p]alrL itutr-sr-trn,etlic and an'r-i-S\'lll].llei:rl.a ,,i't,i'iltlli.. li'rr:;.2,,t-;1 rt.ri:iiliaJr,l 9. Ci''',: ilre gentr:'::] r., i'r:r' i;;'t, oi- t;r,' i,ai,ii,l ,.,'1i i i,,!3:1r1sion method. obtan an e}:l-)iessjolr {bl S-,i'l ',.t ;{-:ilLii,trilr'- 3r'LrSS--,,,:i i r-it j it .i i)ilAtr scatte}-ecj b1 a scluare ',r'c:i, pc,ientia1, {' : ;: ,r..- '1.\I,.(--i C;,.re. lir l-,i,-' l:-.:i".1,,;:lt-l .i I'i,.:it,l ,,, i-l . ij j.,r;r ) is t]tc Sr-ii.i-ihrrit,l ,i-i.l ,' i. i' .1 ,.', -- _i.'il , ic,c'i.tr_;n ,!-r-1 ;..1...1;-. ,.:iL:ii .1< -ir r,, : ir ii rr:.:_, . :,iEetiluiiitii,-,i, i, , -, 1..., ;1S ..;_r , f l; hailitr,l:i,_- , :,-,,., ,!,. plo\;tr OSCillttiL,i iij.at. - -: ) l |'L I-i:'; t'.i., i.r.1 itt ,, it :l]i,.,1,,,-,'', ,,i. ,, i,,,_,-i-ciitrtt,, ::.. , trr, If it i: iit:a.f.iatft Und.el :Ia]tsieticlD, ShO.i i.i .: il t,,,it,,1i.i,,tl-t,1,:t-L,-_,i.,irt,ir, ,_,i lrtaSS Ct,Oirlifrate. 1.3. Sl-t.-r,r- tir3: 1]1 ,, i:, .t- . i,,r .i t.t:;- . fbr' ii pi.iiicl,'-: ::c;,i'.,.,-., , , I i,r t ,tr^t_r, ,.i,1:. j,. i. I i 21..t -_ '..) I pc,i-itlt1_r.il -i. , , l: .. r, ,-,:. i.) )