Download Final Exam Grammar Review 2012 Deutsch I Pronomen

Final Exam Grammar Review 2012
Deutsch I
Pronomen
English has only 7 subject pronouns, whereas German has 9. Why is that? ____________________
Here are the English subject pronouns:
I
you
he
she
it
(y’all)
we
they
you (formal)
What are their German equivalents? _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____
Just as in English these pronouns are used to take the place of a noun.
Nomen
We have learned that, unlike English, all nouns in German are ____________________ and preceded by an article. There are
three different articles, all of which mean _____. They are _____, which is called masculine, _____, which is feminine, and
_____, which is neuter. Whenever you learn a new noun, you must also memorize its article, since there is no definite rule about
which article goes with which word. There is, however, a saying that helps you figure out the gender of some nouns. How does it
go?
Ends in _____, gender _____.
Ends in _____, gender _____.
_______________ and ______________ are _____.
(All plural nouns are _____!)
Can you guess the genders of the following words?
_____ Zunge
_____ Notizbuch
_____ Professor
_____ Haar
_____ Schreiber
_____ Krankenschwester
_____ Opas
_____ Kassette
_____ Kind
_____ Nachbarland
_____ Handtasche
_____ Mutter
In order to avoid being redundant, you will sometimes need to replace a noun with a pronoun. For each of the following
sentences, how would substitute a pronoun to express, “It is black.”
Der Kuli ist schwarz.
Die Katze ist schwarz.
____ ist schwarz.
_____ ist schwarz
How would you also say, “They are black.”
Die Kulis sind schwarz.
_____ sind schwarz.
Artikel
Das Buch ist schwarz.
_____ ist schwarz
One of the most difficult concepts, which we mastered, was that one of the articles has to be changed if its noun is a direct object.
That article is _____ which changes to _____. Can you fill in the correct articles for the following nouns?
1. _____ Lehrer korregiert _____ Hausaufgaben.
2. _____ Junge und _____ Madchen gehen in _____ Schule.
3. _____ Eltern spielen _____ Horn.
4. _____ Frau besucht _____ Mann.
5. Kennt _____ Lehrerin _____ Taxifahrer?
6. Ich habe _____ Bleistift, _____ Papier, _____ Kuli und _____ Buch.
Ein/Kein/Mein/Dein
We learned that there are several words for the and that each noun is assigned a specific one. There are also various forms for a
or an. These are determined by the gender of the noun.
Der Tisch ist groß.
Ein Tisch ist groß.
Die Fahne ist rot und weiß. Eine Fahne ist rot und weiß.
Das Auto ist blau.
Ein Auto ist blau.
Ich bringe den Tisch.
Ich bringe einen Tisch.
You can not use ein with plural nouns. You can, however, use keine, meine or deine.
Die Klassen sind interessant. Meine Klassen sind interessant.
Can you fill in the correct ein forms for the following nouns?
1. _____ Lehrer korregiert _____ Hausaufgaben.
2. _____ Junge und _____ Madchen gehen in _____ Schule.
3. _____ Eltern spielen _____ Horn.
4. _____ Frau besucht _____ Mann.
5. Kennt _____ Lehrerin _____ Taxifahrer?
6. Ich habe _____ Bleistift, _____ Papier, _____ Kuli und _____ Buch.
Regulare Verben
im Präsens
Verbs are words which show action in a sentence. In German all verbs end in either _____ or _____.
Before you can use them in a sentence, you must conjugate them. That means that you change them so that
they match the subject. This simple three-step process consists of:
1. Taking off the ______________________.
2. Writing down the ____________________ after each subject pronoun.
3. Adding the _________________________.
Let’s see if you can apply the rules to the following verbs.
machen
schreiben
spielen
mitkommen
-ich
____________
____________
____________
_________...______
-du
____________
____________
____________
_________...______
-er,sie,es
____________
____________
____________
_________...______
-ihr
____________
____________
____________
_________...______
-wir,sie,Sie ____________
____________
____________
_________...______
Some verbs, however, need special attention. They need to add or delete a letter in order to make
pronunciation easier. Can you conjugate these verbs?
wandern
arbeiten
finden
heissen
tanzen
-ich
____________
____________
____________
_________
______
-du
____________
____________
____________
_________
______
-er,sie,es
____________
____________
____________
_________
______
-ihr
____________
____________
____________
_________
______
-wir,sie,Sie ____________
____________
____________
_________
______
Which form did you have to change for wandern? __________
What did you have to add to arbeiten and finden? __________
What did you leave off of heissen and tanzen?
__________
Irregulare Verben
Though most verbs are regular, there are some verbs which have to be memorize. Fortunately there are very
few of these. Three, however, are:
sein
haben
werden
which means ___ ___
which means ___ _______
which means ___ _______
-ich
__________
__________
__________
-du
__________
__________
__________
-er,sie,es
__________
__________
__________
-ihr
__________
__________
__________
-wir,sie,Sie __________
__________
__________
The rest of the irregular verbs have a easy pattern for conjugation. Do you know how to conjugate the
following irregular verbs?
fahren
laufen
sprechen
essen
sehen
lesen
-ich
__________ _________ __________ __________
__________ ______
*du
__________ _________ __________ __________
__________ ______
*er,sie,es
__________ _________ __________ __________
__________ ______
-ihr
__________ _________ __________ __________
__________ ______
-wir,sie,Sie __________ _________ __________ __________
__________ ______
What are the only two conjugations that differ from the way you do a regular verb? _____ and _____
What did you change about these forms for fahren and laufen?
The ____ changed to an _____.
for sprechen and essen?
The ____ changed to an _____.
for sehen and lesen?
The ____ changed to an _____.
Modal Verben
Modal verbs express how one ______ about an action. They do not express the action itself; therefore, they
must accompany an action verb. These verbs have a different way of conjugating.
können
müssen
wollen
möchten
-ich
____________
____________
____________
_________
-du
____________
____________
____________
_________
-er,sie,es
____________
____________
____________
_________
-ihr
____________
____________
____________
_________
-wir,sie,Sie ____________
____________
____________
_________
Sollen, dürfen, and mögen are also modal verbs.
When there is more than one verb in a sentence, they cannot both be in the coveted second position. One
must go to the end of the sentence, my friend. Can you rewrite these sentences to include the modal verbs?
Remember the C-clamp!
Ich spiele Tennis. (können)
_____________________________________________
Gehst du ins Kino? (wollen)
_____________________________________________
Trennbare Verben
There are some verbs that are made up of two parts, a prefix and the verb itself. In English the equivalents
of these verbs tend to have prepositions. When we conjugate these, they split in half and the prefix goes on
the end of the sentence.
(einkaufen) Ich __________ bei Kroger’s _____.
(mitkommen) __________ du morgen _____?
(aufräumen) Wir __________ das Zimmer _____.
(aufmachen) Ihr sollt das Paket _______________.
Befehlsform
When giving commands in English, the subject is always an understood _____. This presents a small
problem in German because there are _____ words for you. They are _____, _____ and _____. Each form
of you has a different command form. How would you tell the following people to do the things listed?
schreiben
Peter,
Hans und Franz,
Frau Farbisene,
zuhören
*sprechen
*fahren
*lesen
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Wortstellung
In addition to learning lots of vocabulary and memorizing the articles, we also learned how to put the
vocabulary into sentences. When we do that, what is the normal order
for a statement? ______ then _______
for a question? ______ then _______
Underline the verbs in the following exercise, then make sentences or questions with the elements?
1. besuchen / ich / meine Oma / . /
___________________________________
2. Hausaufgaben / machen / wir / . /
___________________________________
3. du / bringen / die Musik / ? /
___________________________________
4. arbeiten / am Wochenende / er / ? / ___________________________________
When we have verbs with separable prefixes, we remove the prefix and place it at the end of the sentence
before conjugating the verb.
5. wir / einkaufen / morgen / . /
___________________________________
6. mitkommen / heute / du / ? /
___________________________________
Questions for Frau Dieckman?????
Email [email protected]
Ich lebe für Grammatik-- the Sequel… Coming soon! 